UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA PARTICULAR DE LOJA
La Universidad Católica de Loja
ESCUELA DE CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACION
MENCION INGLÉS
MODALIDAD ABIERTA Y A DISTANCIA
A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF ANGLICISMS
USED IN ECUADORIAN NEWSPAPERS
Research done in order to achieve
The Bachelor´s Degree in Teaching
English as a Foreign Language
AUTHOR: GALARZA GUEVARA SANTOS MARINA
DIRECTOR: LCDO. PAREDES ZUÑIGA FABIAN MARCELO
CENTRO UNIVERSITARIO QUITO
i
CERTIFICATION
Lcdo. Fabian Marcelo Paredes Zuñiga, Thesis advisor CERTIFIES THAT:
This research has been thoroughly revised by the graduation committee. Therefore authorizes the presentation of this thesis, which complies with all the norms and internal requirements of the Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja.
Loja, september 2010
………..
ii
CONTRATO DE CESIÓN DE DERECHOS DE TESIS DE GRADO
Yo, Santos Marina Galarza Guevara declaro ser autora del presente trabajo y eximo expresamente a la Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja y a sus representantes legales de posibles reclamos o acciones legales.
Adicionalmente declaro conocer y aceptar la disposición del Art.67 del Estatuto Orgánico de la Universidad Técnica particular de Loja que en su parte pertinente textualmente dice: "Formar parte del patrimonio de la Universidad la propiedad intelectual de investigaciones, trabajos científicos o técnicos y tesis de grado que se realicen a través, o con el apoyo financiero, académico o institucional (operativo) de la Universidad"
_______________________ Santos Marina Galarza Guevara
iii
AUTHORSHIP
The thoughts, ideas, opinions, and the information obtained through this research are the responsibility of the author
____________________ Santos Marina Galarza Guevara
Author
iv
DEDICATION
This thesis is dedicated to my sons, who supported me during the endless yet rewarding hours devoted to my work.
v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I have to thank specially to God who has always guided me. I would like to thank to the Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Modalidad Abierta y a Distancia, which has allowed me to achieve the Bachelor´s degree in teaching English as a foreign language, and especially to my thesis advisor Lcdo. Fabian Marcelo Paredes Zuñiga.
It is essential for me to acknowledge the sacrifices made by my sons Antonio and Benjamin who understand me and help me to follow ahead, for the encouragement and patience showed in this hard and long process, and all those who were around me.
To all the people who know me, I am really aware of not being able to name all of you, but somehow you helped to shape the person who I am.
Thank you
Santos Marina Galarza Galarza
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CERTIFICATION i
CONTRATO DE CESIÓN DE DERECHOS ii
AUTHORSHIP iii
DEDICATION iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS v
TABLE OF CONTENTS vii
ABSTRACT 1
INTRODUCTION 2
METHODOLOGY 6
RESULTS 13 DISCUSSION 62
Theoretical Background 62
Description and Analysis of Results 97
Conclusions 138
1
ABSTRACT
Uses and applications of Anglicisms in the daily speech by the Spanish speaking communities, especially by our mass of communication constitute the leading purpose of this research.
When conducting this research the main newspapers of Quito were
used, during a week the papers were collected and the instruments used to
complete this work were opinion polls and interviews which were applied to
some students, teachers, linguists from different educational institutions,
two frequent readers and some people who do not have any relationship
with educational aspects nor the healthy habit of reading, so that different
opinions from different sectors of the society can be attained as part of this
research.
The results found in this research express that people, who do not
have any relation regarding education, ignore about the problem of the
abuse or overuse of Anglicisms in Spanish, even though they are frequent
users of Anglicisms without having any idea of their real meanings and how
they affect the original languages, in this case, Spanish.
The most important conclusion is that in our country is very common
for people to add to their daily speech some new words that come from
English or other languages, because of our high level of consumption, we
just receive manufactured products and, of course, they come with
established names or instructions in the language from the countries of
origin, or the most used terms around the world, so people just copy or
name them in the same way. This is the reason why society accepts and
2
INTRODUCTION
Certainly, culture is not determined by the mankind but by the technicality and mechanicism, because of the advances of science and technology. This steady technological advance suggests the creation of new words or to coin different meaning for the existing ones. There are more techniques and instruments which facilitate the production and dissemination of ideas, even more the creation of new linguistic behaviors; these new behaviors are presented by the mass media, especially by newspapers and Internet which are the mediators between people and the new words created by technology and science. These anglicisms are most of the time used in our languages because of the influence that foreign technology has in our society, and how it affects the original language in the society are the main points to carry out this research.
3 Although the tendency of mixing mother language and English words appeared long time ago, people have just started to notice these changes. We consider that this topic has a relevant level of importance because our society is changing day after day and a clear reflection of this process is the used language, the expressions, the new ways of behavior. In many cases, it seems that people in our country are losing their cultural identity, because of the alienation coming from other countries through the migrants.
As active citizens and part of a society, which use an influenced language as Spanish, it is a great responsibility to be updated on the topics which affect our daily communication. We receive a lot of information by e-mail, text messages, and we share new techniques to be a better person or professional; in many cases, these messages contain foreign words. People prefer to use these words instead of their corresponding translations in Spanish and they modify their normal speech or daily expressions by new ones coming from other languages, especially English. The ways the language is used were the main motivation to conduct this investigation. The use of ICT’S in the classroom to produce a more effective learning process was a great help trying to understand why people use some English words and why other words are disappearing in Spanish.
4 newspapers for more than a week. The interview was applied to literature teachers, linguistic teachers, a language teaching trainer, two frequent readers, and other people to have different opinions and a complete vision about reading habits. The opinion poll was applied to some students, teachers, and administrative staff in two completely different high schools.
To develop our paper, the following objectives were identified which are going to be commented on, taking as source of information the results obtained through our research program about the Anglicisms people use in their daily speech.
• To determine the level of influence of the English language on the
linguistic expressions used in the Ecuadorian newspapers.
By using the results of our research, it can be concluded that the means of communication have a deep impact on the behavior of the society and the words, which they use, have a big influence on the way people talk to each other, because newspaper readers consider everything that is written on them as true or good because of the newspapers said, and in some cases it is not.
• To identify syntactic and lexical anglicisms more commonly used
in newspaper material in Ecuador.
5 • To make a sound analysis of the anglicisms found in the
Ecuadorian newspapers regarding etymological, syntactic-semantic and morphological aspects.
By carrying out this analysis, it was observed that there are some English words which have been already accepted by Real Academia Española because of their extended use, and there are other words which are used with much more frequency but they are not accepted yet. In other cases, there are some words that Spanish speakers use with a totally different meaning from their original one in English.
• To determine the written sections of Ecuadorian newspapers in
which anglicisms are mostly used.
After a thorough investigation it was possible to determine that the sections with more anglicisms depend on the newspaper but the sections with more anglicisms are: classified ads section, news section and social pages.
• To know the level of acceptance Ecuadorians have on the use of
anglicisms in newspapers.
Based on our research program we could say that Ecuadorians have a high level of acceptance of the use of anglicisms and other words which come from other languages as well.
6
METHODOLOGY
This part of the paper has detailed information about conducting the research such as the steps to build the theoretical background, the activities to complete the charts in the field research, the tabulation process, and the analysis to obtain some interesting conclusions.
The process of collecting information lasted several months to achieve a good theoretical background. Some libraries and Internet places were visited to look for some information about the last researches carried out, especially the investigations performed in the last 10 years; an example of the document that was read is the one created by Alvarez (2003) from the University of Wisconsin, which has a report of her studies in Mexico about the importation of some words from English applied to the journalism; Labrada (2003) has another interesting document about the use of some words coming from English applied in the journalism and by some journalists in the latin american means of communication (called mass media, effects of the anglicisms) in USA.
7 which had motivated some linguists to carry out studies about this phenomenon that is not new but now it is stronger and it is affecting to the mother language of different countries.
Countries such as Spain, Costa Rica, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, and others have received some information of some studies accomplished in their universities or language institutes about the influence of English on their Spanish speakers; in our country, there is not any research, so many studies done in other places had to be read and had to be used to sketch the ideas about the development of this topic.
By creating the theoretical background, an intensive reading about a lot of documents had to be done, besides some other reader activities such as: underlining and highlighting new and interesting aspects of the readings, summarizing some texts, and analyzing the charts and reports to establish difference between some terms. Enough written material in Spanish and some information in English were found to hold on the ideas written in this paper.
8 anglicisms and barbarisms in Spanish could be found, and they were used as the base of our research at the beginning.
As Quito is the place of my residence, some newspapers were selected to do the analysis, and they were EL COMERCIO as the national newspaper, LA HORA as the local newspaper and EL EXTRA as the tabloid; the newspapers were collected for a week, the period was from October 1st to October 8th. With the corresponding material,
the work began with the reading and underlining of the words that were considered anglicisms in personal criteria; continuing with this process, personal lists were written down (day by day, section by section) which were compared with the ones presented in the books and finally the charts were completed. From the reading process, eight lists were written, and the next step was the comparison between the words of the lists and created just one list from each section with all the words, the frequency and examples were written according to their appearances in the subvariables. Finally, the process was reduced to 15 charts, just five charts (one per section) for each newspaper. The charts 16, 17, 18 are a summary of each newspaper of how many words there are in each section and their equivalent in percentages. The last chart, 19, is the list about the most frequent anglicisms in all variables the (newspapers).
9 newspapers such as the tabloids which have a high level of use of Anglicisms in an unnecessary way, maybe because of a poor academic command of our language.
After that, thirty words were selected as the most frequently repeated in almost all the newspapers, and in some cases they are used with one meaning in our Spanish that is totally different from the original. These selected words have a description or a complete linguistic analysis.
As the linguistic analysis was one of the objectives, many information was looked for in some physical books or dictionaries, such as: COLLINS COBUILD – ENGLISH LANGUAGE DICTIONARY (1993), CAMBRIDGE DICTIONARY OF AMERICAN ENGLISH (2000), REAL ACADEMIA ESPAÑOLA DICTIONARY (vigésima segunda edición, 2001) and some web places were visited such as: REAL ACADEMIA ESPAÑOLA DICTIONARY (on line), CLAVE DICTIONARY (on line) and MERRIAM WEBSTER (on line), and in this way a complete morphological, semantic-syntactic and etymological analysis could have done.
10 advertisement of almost all the newspapers and in the tabloids. The use of Anglicisms depends on the topic of the news, the social status of readers and writers, the intention of the messages, the elements which are been sold or offered and how good people are familiar with technology. By applying these results in the sections, the obtained results are: in first place the section which uses more anglicisms is the ads section; in second place are the news and the social pages; sports and reports have the least level of use of anglicisms.
To do the sociological analysis, the following techniques were used: observation, interviews and surveys or opinion polls; after the application of these techniques.
The descriptive method was used to carry out this research because we made an observation about an actual and real phenomenon, collect data, tabulation process, interpretation and analysis from the results.
11 there are some words accepted by the Real Academia Espanola de la Lengua and a big number of words which are not accepted yet.
The techniques used were the interview and the survey or opinion poll: some specific instruments had to be designed, such as: the questions for the interview, the questions and sentences for an opinion poll about the level of acceptance and frequent use of the anglicisms. The observation was done from the newspapers for more than a week. The interview was done to two Literature teachers in a high school, a linguistic worker in a university, a language teaching trainer in a university and two frequent readers. The opinion poll was applied to some students in two completely different high schools, as the same time some language teachers, secretaries and English teachers.
12 of anglicisms, the opinion poll was applied to people classified by age, and we consider it was a successful activity.
13
RESULTS
In this section we are going to present part of the extended investigation process which was carried out. People could read the names of the newspapers used in this research and the most used words in Spanish which come from English.
As Quito is the place of the residence of the author, the research was conducted here, in the capital city by using the informative resources available in this city, well- known newspapers that have a high level of sales because of the acceptation of people. Following the task, the newspapers were collected for a week (seven days) and they are: EL COMERCIO, LA HORA, and EL EXTRA. The papers were collected from October 1st to October 8th. It was not easy
but it was really interesting to know how people have adopted new words during the whole life and now their words have changed their original meanings through the years.
14
QUALITATIVE TABULATION
Chart Nº ONE
Variable National Newspaper EL COMERCIO Subvariable News
Anglicisms Examples Wo rd rep e ti ti on num b er
Title of the article
Date
Bus Sin buses
articulados…
10 24 fallas en la vía
Marín – Quitumbe
01-10-09
Festival Festival de artes 4 Hoy comienza la
fiesta de las artes al aire libre
01-10-09
1 Francia en el
festival
01-10-09
Club Presidente del club 1 Angel Coronel fue
el héroe de Atacucho
01-10-09
Líder Los líderes llegan a
Macas
2 La CONAIE
dialogará en Puyo 01-10-09 1 Los campamentos de Reyes en Ecuador 01-10-09
4 El líder de
Barranca Bermeja, asesinado
01-10-09
1 Morett, en el
código rojo de la Interpol
01-10-09
4 Las cacerolas
resonaron en 3 ciudades
01-10-09
Mall Recogen pasajeros en
malls
1 Asaltantes investigados por varios delitos
01-10-09
Fútbol Jugaba fútbol con
sus amigos
1 Angel Coronel fue
el héroe en Atacocha
15
Microsoft Director general de
Microsoft
2 Director General
de Microsoft
01-10-09
Stock Semanal de stocks 1 El barril de crudo
subió
01-10-09
Bus Que los choferes de
buses infringen
2 La actual ley de
tránsito
02-10-09
1 Un plan para
ampliar las vias
02-10-09
Club Del club ecológico 2 Los shuar
cerraron vias
02-10-09
Líder Reunión del ex
líder…
5 León Febres
Cordero, aún sigue siendo, un líder
02-10-09
3 El presidente no
descarta viajar a Pastaza
02-10-09
2 La política ronda
en todo ámbito
02-10-09
5 Hare todo para
unificar a la gran familia
02-10-09
Internet Los diarios en el
internet
1 La prensa
evidenció fallas en el proceso
02-10-09
Record Presidente bate el
record
1 El encanto rural
llama la atención
02-10-09
Show Tomo agua y fue a
un show….
1 La prensa
evidenció fallas en el proceso
02-10-09
Turismo Del turismo en el
Oriente..
1 Los Shuar
cerraron los ingresos a Macas
02-10-09
Web En la página Web del
IEESS…
2 IEESS libera
desde hoy fondos de reserva
02-10-09
Facebook Como facebook… 2 El envío de
mensajes es a gran velocidad
03-10-09
Jeans Lucen jeans
desgastados
1 Los Shuar no
ceden y
continúan en las protestas
03-10-09
Marketing Gerente de
marketing
2 La micro usa la
web para..
16
Netbook Gana una netbook… 1 El servicio y la
facturación
03-10-09
Ranking Con un ranking de la
firma Alexa…
1 La micro usa la
web
03-10-09
Web Usan web 8 La Unión Base
tiene web
03-10-09
Bus Un vehículo pequeño
y un bus
2 Gran Choque en
vía Simón Bolívar
03-10-09
Laptop Comercializa laptops 1 La micro usa la
web para el comercio
03-10-09
1 Un operativo en
las cachinerias
04-10-09
Líder Ese instante los
líderes
2 El acuerdo
gobierno e indígenas va
04-10-09
1 La federación de
judiciales
04-10-09
1 Los niños
elegirán sus líderes
04-10-09
Web Encuenta en la web 1 Web 04-10-09
Celular Atienden el celular… 1 Kafka la cultura 05-10-09
Web Nuestra página web 1 Tras la euforia
inicial
05-10-09
Bus 20 buses de diferentes lugares
1 Rafael Correa y
los indígenas en reunión
05-10-09
1 Tras la euforia
inicial
05-10-09
Software Del gigante de
software…
2 What”s news 07-10-09
Bus Viajaban en bus 4 Jueces acuerdan
dictar ley
07-10-09
2 Grito de la
libertad
07-10-09
2 El Comercio en
Quito
07-10-09
Líder En radio líder
indígena dice..
2 Correa se reúne
con líderes
07-10-09
1 Honduras: la
OEA facilita el diálogo
17
1 Los Shuar
alteraron las vías
07-10-09
Web La pagina web de la
secretaría
1 Punto de enlace
en la web
07-10-09
Fútbol Partido de fútbol…. 1 Barrera, en silla
de ruedas
07-10-09
Bus Llegaron en buses 1 Los maestros
ocuparon el parque El Arbolito
08-10-09
Cheque Letras de cambio,
cheques, y ..
1 La policía
sospecha de Banda juvenil
08-10-09
Líder Será otro según sus
líderes
1 El FMI será otro
después del paro
08-10-09
18
Chart Nº TWO
Variable National Newspaper EL COMERCIO Subvariable Ads
Anglicisms Examples Word re p e ti tion nu m b e
r Title of the
article
Date
Challenger Visite el challenger
de Tenis
2 Sports 01-10-09
Club Club de Karate
invita..
1 Sports 01-10-09
Festival El FITE- FESTIVAL
invita
1 Events 01-10-09
Marketing De marketing
hotelero
1 Jobs and services 01-10-09
Servi express Utilice su
servi-express
2 Jobs and services 01-10-09
Tenis Hoy challenger de
Tenis
1 Sports 01-10-09
Free days Oportunidad hoy
Free-days
1 Jobs and
Services
02-10-09
Club El club de danza
invita
1 Arts 02-10-09
1 Music 02-10-09
1 Sports 02-10-09
rock Rock de los niños
agrios, hoy
2 Músic 02-10-09
Call center Call center
personal…
1 Jobs and
Services
02-10-09
collys Bulldog collys… 1 Animals 02-10-09
Beagle Miniaturas yorkys
beagle…
1 Animals 02-10-09
Bulldog Bulldogs, collys….. 1 Animals 02-10-09
LCD Televisores LCD…. 1 Merchandise 02-10-09
lunch Lunch inteligencia
organizacional…
1 Jobs and services 02-10-09
Golf Tenis golf club invita
a niños
1 Sports 02-10-09
Hardware Hardware… 1 Tecnology 02-10-09
Supervisor Se necesita
supervisor…
1 Jobs and services 02-10-09
Web Anuncios en la
página web del ..
1 Jobs and
Services
02-10-09
19 1 Automobile 03-10-09
Golden Hermosos cachorros
golden
1 Animals 03-10-09
Bulldog Bulldogs cachorros 1 Animals 03-10-09
Tenis Liquidación de
zapatos tenis
1 Merchandise 03-10-09
Power point Persona que domine
bien power point
1 Jobs and services 03-10-09
Word Necesito persona
trabaje en Word
1 Jobs and services 03-10-09
Excel Asistente necesita
compañía sepa
excel..
1 Jobs and services 03-10-09
Squash Departamentos 1,2
dormitorios, Piscina,
squash,
Apartment 03-10-09
USD USD 7.600 pásate a
vivir en nueva casa
2 Houses 03-10-09
Jeans Talleres de maquila
para jeans
1 Merchandise 03-10-09
Internet Vendo Bazar
internet
1 Markets 03-10-09
Full Chevrolet full extras 15 Automobile 03-10-09
Broker Empresa necesita
bróker
1 Jobs and services 03-10-09
Spa Hotel spa vendo en
Machachi
1 Spa 03-10-09
Self Service Cocina industrial 8
self service
1 Merchandise 03-10-09
Market Market bien
ubicado..
1 Market 03-10-09
Stock Por su amplio stock
de repuestos
2 Merchandise 03-10-09
Email Tu email enviar…. 2 Jobs and
Services
03-10-09
Sport Grand vitara sport 3 Automobile 03-10-09
Beagle Vendo cachorros
Beagle
2 Animals 03-10-09
2 Animals 04-10-09
Golden Vendo Golden 3 Animals 04-10-09
Bulldog Cachorro bulldog 3 Animals 04-10-09
Club Visite el nuevo club
de tenis
2 Sports 04-10-09
Web Habra la página Web
y vea nuestros
1 Jobs and
Services
20
Tenis Liquidación de
zapatos de tenis
1 Merchandise 04-10-09
Full Vendo Toyota full
extras
25 Automobile 04-10-09
Fútbol Inscribete Disciplinas
de fútbol
1 Sports 04-10-09
Games Cds de games… 1 Merchandise 04-10-09
Jockey club 2 dormitorios en
jockey club…
1 Houses 04-10-09
LCD Llévate un LCD de 42
pulgadas…
3 Merchandise 04-10-09
Spa Hotel spa vendo en
Machachi
1 Spa 04-10-09
Market Vendo market junto
a U.Central
4 Market 04-10-09
Básquet Futbol y básquet… 1 sports 04-10-09
Blackberry llegaron
Blackberries…
6 Cell phones 04-10-09
Bluetooth Tecnología bluetooth 1 Tecnology 04-10-09
Campus Campus Machala y
sabanilla
2 Institutions 04-10-09
CD Libros, revista o
CD…
1 Merchandise 04-10-09
Chequear Servicios para
chequear su internet
1 Jobs and
Services
04-10-09
Self Service Cocina indistrial 8
Self service
1 Job and Services 04-10-09
DVD Los libros, revistas
CD y DVD…
1 Merchandise 04-10-09
Email Secretarias enviar
2 Jobs and
Services
04-10-09
Marketing Administración, finanzas,
marketing…
3 Institutions 04-10-09
2 Institutions 04-10-09
Stock Llantas en stock 1 Merchandise 04-10-09
Jeep Vendo Jeep flamante 3 Automobile 04-10-09
Broker Aseguradora necesita
bróker
1 Jobs 04-10-09
Wireless La tecnología
“wireless”
1 Tecnology 04-10-09
Airbags Seis airbags para
chevrolet
1 automobile 04-10-09
Netbook Una de las 40
netbook…
21
Software Esta incluido el
software…
3 Tecnology 04-10-09
Flash Gran stock de
Flashes
1 Merchandise 04-10-09
Bus Bus con puesto 1 Automobile 04-10-09
1 Automobile 05-10-09
Beagle Cachorros beagle 1 Animals 05-10-09
Web Colegios, hacemos
web
2 Institutions 05-10-09
Shopping Quicentro shopping
frente a
2 Market 05-10-09
Blackberry Blackberry nuevo 2 Cell phones 05-10-09
Chip Chips para celular 1 Cell phones 05-10-09
CD Cds de calidad 2 merchandise 07-10-09
Bus Vendo bus 1 Automobile 07-10-09
Club Señoritas para Club
karaoke
1 Jobs and
Services
07-10-09
Stand Adquiera en nuestro
stand
1 Merchandise 07-10-09
Email Vendedor enviar su
4 Jobs and
Services
07-10-09
Fast food Comics, fast food 1 Jobs and
Services
07-10-09
Shopping En el Quicentro
shopping esta..
2 Market 08-10-09
Web Creamos su web 5 Jobs and
Services
08-10-09
Airbags Para Datzun, airbags 2 Automobile 08-10-09
Call center Llama a nuestro call
center
1 Jobs and
Services
08-10-09
22
Chart Nº THREE Variable National Newspaper EL COMERCIO
Subvariable Social Pages
Anglicisms Examples Word re p e ti tion nu m b e
r Title of the
article
Date
Festival El festival de las
artes al aire libre…
5 El festival de las
artes.
01-10-09
Thriller Recorrido del
thriller….
1 La robótica
intenta producir más
02-10-09
Reggae Jóvenes al ritmo de
reggae
1 Artistas presentan Hoy
02-10-09
Hip-hop mueve a todos
Hip-hop
1 Espectáculo 03-10-09
Gay No estoy en contra de
los gays
1 Green Day en
España
03-10-09
Marketing El gerente de
marketing
1 Las puertas
termosol
03-10-09
Tanque En otro tanque… 1 Un experto en
Construcción
03-10-09
Bus Tomo un bus… 1 Ellas le pusieron
la droga
04-10-09
Clown Desde que soy
“clown”
2 Uno de mis
comics
04-10-09
Youtube Hablaban del
youtube
1 El punto de vista 04-10-09
Rock Entradas para el
rock
1 Espectáculo, 04-10-09
DVD Compre, la
temporada en DVD
1 En punto de vista 04-10-09
Líder Carlos Pizarro el
líder…
2 Navarro busca
líder
04-10-09
Club Función del club… 1 Cuádruple
asesinato
07-10-09
Líder Nuestro líder 1 Valor indígena 08-10-09
23
Chart Nº FOUR Variable National Newspaper EL COMERCIO
Subvariable Reports
Anglicisms Examples Word re p e ti tion nu m b e
r Title of the
article
Date
Smog Manto gris producto
del smog
1 Contaminación preocupa a todos
01-10-09
Software Tres softwares
hidrosanitarios
1 Internet, nuevos
tipos de ayuda
02-10-09
Rock El rock una forma de
vida
1 Una forma de
vida
03-10-09
Líder Una conjetura: y sus
líderes…
1 Quinatoa confía
en dirigentes
04-10-09
Bus Un bus de la
institución…
1 Quinatoa confía
sus dirigentes
04-10-09
Rafting El rafting en ríos
torrentosos
1 En busca de
nuevas sensaciones
05-10-09
Líder En el grupo como
líder
1 Su historia se
revelò
07-10-09
24
Chart Nº FIVE Variable National Newspaper EL COMERCIO
Subvariable Sports
Anglicisms Examples Word re p e ti tion nu m b e
r Title of the
article
Date
Bunker En el bunker oficial 1 Liga sale con su
equipo completo
01-10-09
Champions Champions. Real
Madrid logró..
2 El Comercio.
Com
01-10-09
1 Manchester U.
ganó con apuros
01-10-09
Hard scramble
Las pruebas de hard
scramble…
1 Calacalí será
sede de
01-10-09
Karting Copa Nacional de
Karting…
2 La Copa
Nacional
01-10-09
Set El primer set 2 G. Lapentti
ganó y chocará nuevamente
01-10-09
Shifter Las categorías son:
rotax, shifter…
1 La Copa
Nacional
01-10-09
Líder Colocándose líder… 1 Otros
resultados
01-10-09
3 David Fisher
fue la figura de la ESPE
01-10-09
Rally Rally. La final del
torneo
2 En breve 01-10-09
Club En la cancha
principal del club
2 G. Lapentti
ganó
25
3 Sixto Vizuete
llamó a Michael Jackson
01-10-09
1 Un club de
Kuwait se impuso
01-10-09
2 David Fisher
fue la figura de la ESPE
01-10-09
Tenis Tenis. Lapentti tuvo
problemas con
4 G. Lapentti
ganó y chocará con Giraldo
01-10-09
Web Nuestra página web 1 El Comercio.
Com
01-10-09
Gol Inchas esperan 2
goles
1 Liga sale con
todo
01-10-09
1 Sólo fútbol 01-10-09
Challenger Logró el challenger
de Quito
3 G. Lapentti
ganó y pasó
01-10-09
2 Los técnicos
ayudan desde las gradas
01-10-09
7 Salamanca se
enfrenta a Decoud
02-10-09
Club El Club deportivo 9 EMELEC
derroto a T. Universitario
02-10-09
5 Barcelona y liga
viven momentos de ansiedad
02-10-09
7 El club de
Japón se impuso en el torneo provincial
26
6 El Manta Yacht
club triunfó en las regatas
02-10-09
Fútbol Todo por el fútbol 2 ESPOLI buscara
la
clasificación…
02-10-09
1 Calacalí será
sede del fútbol inter
02-10-09
1 Barcelona y liga
viven momentos de ansiedad
02-10-09
Básquetbol Básquetbol un
documental….
4 Un documental
narra el básquetbol
02-10-09
Gol Un gol del volante… 15 El Manta Yacht
club
02-10-09
Tenis En el tenis, el
deporte blanco
2 Gómez se
quedo, A. Begemann venció
02-10-09
Bus Guayaquil 10
buses…
1 Barcelona y liga
viven momentos de ansiedad
02-10-09
Rally El rally se
destacaron
3 Hirvonen y Loeb 02-10-09
Country Los cerros country… 1 El ambassador
cup
02-10-09
Cup El ambassador cup… 1 El ambassador
cup
02-10-09
Golf Golf el
ambassador….
2 El ambassador
cup
02-10-09
Ranking El titulo del IV
ranking…
7 El club Japón
se impuso en el torneo
provincial
02-10-09
6 El Manta Yacht
club
27
5 Sharapova pasó
a finales
02-10-09
Set En el segundo set 2 A. Begemann
venció
02-10-09
Chat Hin-chat 1 El temlo del
chat
02-10-09
Optimist Regatas, clase
optimist…
1 El Manta Yacht
club
02-10-09
Games Se disputaron 12
games
10 El Manta Yacht
club
02-10-09
Fútbol El campeonato de
fútbol será
1 Liga volvió a
Ecuador
03-10-09
1 U. Católica
busca su campeonato
03-10-09
Set Se destacó en el
tercer set
3 Salamanca se
enfrenta con Giraldo
03-10-09
Games El cuarto game fué
para Giraldo
1 Salamanca se
enfrenta con Giraldo
03-10-09
Club El Club Japón 2 El club Japón
se impuso en el torneo
03-10-09
2 U. Católica
busca su campeonato
03-10-09
2 Salamanca se
enfrenta con Giraldo
03-10-09
6 Barcelona gano
el partido
04-10-09
Games Esperó el tercer set 1 Salamanca y
Decoud disputan la final
28
Líder No pudo con el líder 6 Manchester U.
empato en casa
04-10-09
Web En la web Marvort 1 Marvort es la
sensación
04-10-09
Tenis La final de tenis 3 Salamanca y
Decoud disputan la final
04-10-09
Básquet El básquet nacional
no solo…
1 Marvort es la
sensación
04-10-09
Club De loa clubes salen 7 El templo del
hincha
05-10-09
2 El guapo de la
barra
05-10-09
2 La lógica se
impuso y los clubes listos
05-10-09
Fútbol Selección Nacional de
Fútbol…
2 El guapo de la
barra
05-10-09
2 La lógica se
impuso y los clubes listos
05-10-09
2 Católica regresa
a la A
05-10-09
Gol El gol del partido 2 El templo del
hincha
05-10-09
Tenis En el partido de
tenis
3 Nico Lapenti
venció
07-10-09
Club En el club Batacá 2 Ecuador gana
una Medalla
07-10-09
1 Arianna Bakker
gana en Boston
07-10-09
Líder Es el líder de la
clasificación
2 La final del
nacional será en Latacunga
07-10-09
Internet En su sitio de
Internet
1 Nelson Piquet
Jr. Puede pasar a competir en
29 circuito
Fútbol Una mañana de
fútbol
5 Independiente del valle se
clasificó
08-10-09
4 2 días de pura
tensión
08-10-09
Tenis En torneo de tenis 2 Leon Pinto y
Lojan en torneo de tenis
08-10-09
Club Al clasificar el club 2 Ind. Del valle se
clasificó
08-10-09
30
Chart Nº SIX Variable Local Newspaper LA HORA
Subvariable News
Anglicisms Examples Word re p e ti tion nu m b e
r Title of the
article
Date
Bus Conductor del bus… 1 Mil 700 paradas
de buses
01-10-09
Casting Realizara el
“casting”…
2 Las candidatas a
reina superaron expectativas
01-10-09
Web Es indispensable
que la Web
1 Arranca debate
con los tres proyectos de ley sobre la mesa
01-10-09
Líder Varios líderes de las
FARC tienen conexiones
1 Con varias
conexiones
02-10-09
1 Aun no se aclara
el autor de todos los manuscritos
02-10-09
1 El Alba anuncia
a los personajes
03-10-09
Excel Embarcación Men
Excel
1 Al menos 40
muertos en otro naufragio
03-10-09
Record Máximo a un record 1 200 candidatas
tras la corona
03-10-09
Bus El bus que va hacia 1 Ecuador con vía
libre para importar
04-10-09
Club Primera convocatoria
al club…
1 Tenis club 05-10-09
1 Primera convocatoria
05-10-09
Junior Esta iniciativa de
junior achievement
1 Concurso internacional
05-10-09
Cheque Mil dólares y 75 1 Pesantez se
abstiene en
31
cheques… declarar
Dólar Mil dólares y 75
cheques…
1 Pesantez se
abstiene en declarar
07-10-09
Fútbol Asistentes al juego de
fútbol…
1 Seguridad en
Atahualpa
07-10-09
Marketing Estrategia más vieja
de marketing…
1 Oferta al aire
libre
07-10-09
Squatter Parte del movimiento
Squatter Okupa…
1 Arte a partir de la
basura
07-10-09
Worldcob De negocios …
Representante de
worldcob…
2 Galardón para 50
empresas
07-10-09
Bus Necesidad de vías
para buses
1 Desarrollo publico vial
07-10-09
2 Indígenas cerraron las vías
07-10-09
1 Arman operativo 08-10-09
1 Maestros protagonizaron
marchas
08-10-09
Dólar De dos millones de
dólares
1 Municipio podría
financiar
08-10-09
1 Indemnización
por más de 600 millones
08-10-09
1 Premian
periodismo con una visión social
08-10-09
1 Culpan a Fiscalía 08-10-09
2 Sector empresarial pide definiciones al
32 gobierno
3 319 productos
colombianos ya tienen arancel
08-10-09
1 América Latina
con excedente
08-10-09
1 Recuperación de
playas en México
08-10-09
Líder Fallecimiento de
líder
1 Aún no se aclara
el fallecimiento del líder
08-10-09
1 Con varias
conexiones
08-10-09
Mall Parte del servicio de
un mall debe
1 Inseguridad en
los
estacionamientos
08-10-09
33
Chart Nº SEVEN Variable Local Newspaper LA HORA
Subvariable Ads
Anglicisms Examples
Word
re
p
e
ti
tion
nu
m
b
e
r Title of the
article
Date
Cheque Por perdida del
cheque
23 Legal notices 01-10-09
Rock Concierto de rock 1 Músic 01-10-09
Web Páginas web en
servicio
2 Jobs and
Services
01-10-09
Fútbol Cursos de fútbol 1 Sports 02-10-09
Cheque Cheque anulado 1 Legal notices 02-10-09
CD Cds grabados 1 Merchandise 03-10-09
Full Toyota full equipo 11 Automobile 03-10-09
Blackberry Vendo blackberry 1 Cell phones 04-10-09
Spa Necesito señoritas
para spa…
1 Beauty services 04-10-09
1 Beauty services 05-10-09
Chip Celulares nuevos
con chips en venta
1 Cell phones 07-10-09
Sexy Chicas sexy 2 Sexual services 07-10-09
Cheque Cheque anulado 18 Legal Notices 07-10-09
14 Legal notices 08-10-09
Full Súper atractiva full
reflax, en remate
26 Legal Notices 08-10-09
4 Legal Notices 08-10-09
34
Internet Venta de artefactos
por internet…
38 Merchandise 08-10-09
Fútbol Fútbol en señal
abierta
1 Sports 08-10-09
1 Sports 08-10-09
Hamburgues a
Lluvia de
hamburguesas
4 Tv. Programs and
cinema
08-10-09
Tips Tips de belleza 1 Beauty Salons 08-10-09
1 Beauty Salons 08-10-09
2 Beauty Salons 08-10-09
1 Beauty Salons 08-10-09
35
Chart Nº EIGHT Variable Local Newspaper LA HORA
Subvariable Social Pages
Anglicisms Examples Word re p e ti ti on numbe
r Title of the
article
Date
Lobby El lobby del hotel
estuvo lleno de personas
1 El Sheraton
actualiza su imagen 5 estrellas
01-10-09
Robot Como racistas con
los robots…
1 Entretenida pero
subrealista
03-10-09
Thriller Es un buen “thriller”
No pasa
2 Entretenida pero
subrealista
03-10-09
1 Un “thriller” con
madre coraje
04-10-09
Fan Un grupo de fans se
lanzó el …
1 Gloria Trevi 08-10-09
1 Al filo de la
tragedia
08-10-09
Festival Que el Festival de
Cine de Hollywood
2 Favoritos al
Oscar
08-10-09
Filme Su rol en ese filme 2 Favoritos al
Oscar
08-10-09
1 Protagonizará “Depredador”
08-10-09
People People en Español 1 Gloria Trevi 08-10-09
Show Su show casi
termina en
1 Gloria Trevi 08-10-09
36
Chart Nº NINE Variable Local Newspaper LA HORA
Subvariable Reports
Anglicisms Examples Word re p e ti tion nu m b e
r Title of the
article
Date
Baby Gran éxito, Baby one
more time…
1 Shakira se operó
la nariz
01-10-09
Spa Un spa cacero 1 Un spa cacero
para relajarse
01-10-09
Casting Se realize casting 2 Las candidatas a
reina superan las expectativas
01-10-09
Fan Fans del fútbol 1 Fans del fútbol
en los escenarios
01-10-09
Fútbol Fans del Fútbol 2 Fans del Fútbol
en los escenarios
01-10-09
Dólar De los 200 mil
dólares y gastar…
1 Quevedo requiere
de hospital Regional
04-10-09
2 Cinco toneladas 08-10-09
1 Desmantelan red
de narcos
08-10-09
Fútbol La pasión en el
fútbol
1 Nicolás León
quiere nueva reelección
37
2 Sin los màs
laureados
05-10-09
Record Quito se acercan a
su record
1 Sin los más
laureados
05-10-09
Estrés Contra el estrés 2 Contra el estrés
de brazos
08-10-09
Folclor El folclor
latinoamericano
1 Con sabor a
Brasil
08-10-09
Jazz También incurrió en
el jazz
1 Con sabor a
Brasil
08-10-09
Web Más información en
la página web …
1 Web 08-10-09
38
Chart Nº TEN Variable Local Newspaper LA HORA
Subvariable Sports
Anglicisms Examples Word re p e ti tion nu m b e
r Title of the
article
Date
Challenger XV edición del
challenger….
1 Comenzó a jugar
el tenis en el club Bancario
01-10-09
Ranking Dos puntos para el
ranking…
1 Gómez avanza a
cuartos de final
01-10-09
Tenis Con los grandes del
tenis
2 Comenzó a jugar
el tenis en el club Bancario
01-10-09
Club A jugar al tenis en el
club
3 Comenzó los
juegos en el Tenis club
01-10-09
1 “Giova” pasa a
cuartos de final
01-10-09
1 Maria Andrea
gana prueba
02-10-09
Fútbol Partidos de fútbol
pertenece a …
2 Los contratos
listos
02-10-09
1 Martino prueba
suplentes en Paraguay
02-10-09
2 En la altura
hicimos lo mejor
02-10-09
1 Barcelona se
juega su campeonato
39
Challenger En el challenger se
enfrentarán..
1 “Giova va por el
título”
03-10-09
Fútbol Los participantes en
el fútbol
1 Le quedan cinco
finales.
04-10-09
Tenis Participó en tenis.. 1 Nico regresa de
Buenos Aires
04-10-09
Voleibol Voleibol
sudamericano
1 Por el título de
dobles
04-10-09
Fútbol De todo en el fútbol 1 Barcelona se
queda
05-10-09
Club A los dirigentes del
club
2 Una previa
entrevista a
07-10-09
3 Fanáticos del
futbol
07-10-09
2 El equipo del
Valle
acompañará a U. católica a la A
08-10-09
1 Clásico definitivo 08-10-09
1 Bolivia jugara su
último partido en la altura
08-10-09
Fútbol El seleccionador de
fútbol
1 El Seleccionador
de fútbol
08-10-09
1 Buscan una
plaza
08-10-09
40 último partido en
la altura
2 En la altura
hicimos lo mejor
08-10-09
1 Definido calendario para cuadrangulares
08-10-09
3 El equipo del
Valle
acompañará a U. católica en la A
08-10-09
Gol Consiguiendo tres
goles en el juego
1 El equipo del
Valle
acompañara a U. católica en la A
08-10-09
1 Aucas a tres
fechas de eliminarse
08-10-09
41
Chart Nº ELEVEN Variable Tabloid EXTRA
Subvariable News
Anglicisms Examples Word re p e ti tion nu m b e
r Title of the
article
Date
Bus En la parada de
buses …
1 Le volaron la
cabeza
01-10-09
1 Atraco en buses 01-10-09
Web El estilo de web del
régimen
1 Falleció asesor
residencial
02-10-09
Bus Choque de bus con
auto..
2 Micro se llevó dos
vidas en Portoviejo
03-10-09
Póster Colección de pósters
de periódicos del …
1 Exposición fotográfica
03-10-09
Night club El night club New
York…
1 ¡Con dinero
robado bailaban chupaban y se drogaban
04-10-09
Shock La fiscalía determinó,
que tenía un shock.
1 Ambientalista acusado de
violación
05-10-09
Bus Buses pasaron sin.. 1 Indígenas levantan
obstáculos
07-10-09
Líder El joven rey y líder… 3 Estrangulo al
último hijo
07-10-09
2 Lo matan por
tener muchas mujeres
07-10-09
2 Atahualpa en la
historia
07-10-09
Power Gimnasio strom
power…
1 Santo Domingo,
bajo la delincuencia
42
Scanner El supervisor de
scanner…
1 Santo Domingo,
bajo la delincuencia
07-10-09
Supervisor El Supervisor de
scanner
1 Santo Domingo,
bajo la delincuencia
07-10-09
Whisky Y dos botellas de
whisky…
2 Compadre violador se hizo humo
08-10-09
Web Informe en la web 1 Falleció asesor
residencial
08-10-09
Celular Seis celulares 1 Robaban a
estudiantes
08-10-09
Dólar 191 millones de
dólares
3 Capitán sargento
lideraban enorme red de droga
08-10-09
1 Compadre violador se hizo humo
08-10-09
Sexy El movimiento sexy
de sus caderas
1 Compadre violador se hizo humo
08-10-09
43
Chart Nº TWELVE Variable Tabloid EXTRA
Subvariable Ads
Anglicisms Examples
Word
re
p
e
ti
tion
nu
m
b
e
r Title of the
article
Date
Sexy Chicas sexy 5 Sexual services 01-10-09
Show Tokio Motor Show 2 Automobil 01-10-09
TireCity Sólo en TireCity 1 Merchandise 01-10-09
Tire Cooper-tires 2 Merchandise 01-10-09
Hot Chicas Hot 3 Sexual services 01-10-09
Sexy Chicas sexy 2 Sexual services 02-10-09
Cd Venta de cds 2 Merchandise 02-10-09
Golf Volswagen golf 1 Automobile 02-10-09
Hot Chicas Hot 2 Sexual services 02-10-09
Sexy Chicas sexy 1 Sexual services 03-10-09
Hot Chicas Hot 2 Sexual services 03-10-09
Market Hiper market en
ferrisariato…
1 Market 03-10-09
Poster Incluye sexy poster 1 Sexual services 03-10-09
Sex shop Tiendas Sex shop 1 Market 03-10-09
Spa Masajes deliciosos en
spa…
1 Spa 03-10-09
Sexy Chicas sexy 2 Sexual services 04-10-09
Hot Chicas Hot 1 Sexual services 04-10-09
Club Villa club vendo… 1 Houses 04-10-09
Spa Nuevo spa 1 Spa 04-10-09
Night club Night club de lujo… 1 Sexual service 04-10-09
44
Fútbol Balones de fútbol en
Marathon
1 Sports 05-10-09
Sexy Chicas sexy 1 Sexual services 05-10-09
Hot Chicas Hot 2 Sexual services 05-10-09
Sexy Chicas sexy 1 Sexual services 07-10-09
Hockey Hockey y patín en la
clase
1 Sports 07-10-09
Mp3 Bien conservado
mp3 de música
1 Music 07-10-09
Hot Chicas Hot 2 Sexual services 07-10-09
2 Sexual services 08-10-09
Sexy Chicas sexy 3 Sexual services 08-10-09
Sex shop Todo en sex shop 1 Sexual services 08-10-09
Celular Compro celulares 1 Cell phones 08-10-09
Chat Chat sexy en vivo 2 Sexual services 08-10-09
Dvd Habitaciones amobladas, baño, tv,
dvd,
3 Real state 08-10-09
Festival Festival artistico
gratuito
1 Events 08-10-09
Full Mazda full equipo 4 Automobile 08-10-09
Hamburgues a
Lluvia de
hamburguesas
2 Cinema 08-10-09
Hatch back Modelo hatch back 1 Automobile 08-10-09
Kit Kit completo para el
crecimiento …
1 Healt 08-10-09
45
LCD Computadoras con
Lcd
2 Merchandise 08-10-09
Mp4 Varios mp4 1 Merchandise 08-10-09
Play station Vendo play station 1 Merchandise 08-10-09
Rating Rival en el rating 1 Sport 08-10-09
Smoking Vestidos de novias,
disfraces, smoking
1 Merchandise 08-10-09
Spray Nuevo spray para
prolongar…
2 Merchandise 08-10-09
Stock Toyotas 95 stock 1 Automobile 08-10-09
Swing Las nenas del swing 1 Event 08-10-09
Web Busque en nuestra
página web
1 Jobs and services 08-10-09
Webcam Portátil + webcam 1 Merchandise 08-10-09
46
Chart Nº THIRTEEN Variable Tabloid EXTRA
Subvariable Social Pages
Anglicisms Examples Word re p e ti tion nu m b e
r Title of the
article
Date
Fashion week
Categoría masculina
en el Fashion Week
2 Diseñadores mostraron su creatividad
01-10-09
Festival Festivales
gastronomicos
1 Los artesanos
exponen
01-10-09
Hobby La hípica leer
navegar en Internet un hobby….
2 Su perfil 02-10-09
Internet La hípica leer,
navegar en
internet….
1 Su perfil 02-10-09
Básquet Deportes que
practica, básquet,
fútbol
1 Pamela Ocampo 03-10-09
Club Otra del club … 1 Anita Lucía
Proaño imparable
03-10-09
Fútbol Deportes que
practica, básquet,
fútbol
2 Pamela Ocampo
Ximena Ramirez
03-10-09
Kits Entregó kits … 1 Pamela Ocampo 03-10-09
Sexy El hombre más sexy
del planeta
2 Vives rompe
records de venta
03-10-09
Record Vives rompe records
de ventas
1 Vives rompe
records de venta
03-10-09
CD En el Cd Vives
presenta..
1 Vives rompe
records de venta
03-10-09
Rock Estrella de rock… 1 Empeora salud
de Mercedes Sosa
03-10-09
47 decía a sus clientes
que podía.
no sabe que decir y se contradice
Show Su show está
pensado para..
1 A rumbear por
los 40 y 20
05-10-09
Dólar Millones de dólares
ganó
1 Su perfil 08-10-09
48
Chart Nº FOURTEEN Variable Tabloid EXTRA Subvariable Reports
Anglicisms Examples Word re p e ti tion nu m b e
r Title of the
article
Date
Fashion En Ecuador fashion
week
2 Elegancia y belleza
en ecuador fashion week
01-10-09
Marketing Marketing directo 2 La Buena imagen 01-10-09
Rating Aunque rating entre
fama o drama
1 Buen rating 02-10-09
4 Amigas y rivales 02-10-09
Set En un set pequeño
desde el calor …
1 Los gritos y saltos 02-10-09
Jeans Los jeans Levis son… 1 Mall Express bien
aniñado
02-10-09
Closet Es indispensable en
el closet
1 Un detalle para la
casa
05-10-09
Night club Damas de los night
clubes
1 En las tiendas 05-10-09
Fútbol y jugaron fútbol 1 El verdugo se va 05-10-09
Mall Las instalaciones del
mall del sur
1 Ruddy Rodrigez 05-10-09
Sexy Del deseo la sexy 1 Un detalle para la
casa
05-10-09
Bingo Realizó un bingo
benéfico
1 Diana Cruz 07-10-09
Chequeo Para los chequeos
visuales, así como…
1 El regalo de la
visión llegó gratis a 16 mil
peninsulares
49
Ticket A la entrega de los
tickets
1 El regalo de la
visión llegó gratis a 16 mil
peninsulares
08-10-09
Reality Ser parte de este
reality
4 Silvana todo un
ídolo
08-10-09
50
Chart Nº FIFTEEN
Variable Tabloid EXTRA Subvariable Sports
Anglicisms Examples
Word rep
e ti ti on numbe r
Title of the article
Date
Gol Con el chance del gol
average
1 Periscopio 01-10-09
Surf No se está
practicando el surf
por oleaje
1 Surf, un deporte 02-10-09
Fútbol Las autoridades del
fútbol
1 Que grande
Ecuador tiene a los 10 crucificados
02-10-09
1 Y hasta le rezan en
la csncha
02-10-09
1 Luchito recibira al
equipo
02-10-09
1 Como jugarle a
Uruguay …
02-10-09
2 Muchos colegas 02-10-09
5 La selección 02-10-09
Play off Se trata el inicio de
los play off
1 El comité de tenis
organiza Los Play off
02-10-09
Tenis El comité de tenis 1 El comité de tenis
organiza Los Play off
02-10-09
Club
Por gestiones el club
de leones
1 Entregaron premios
02-10-09
1 Los problemas del
club
03-10-09
51
2 Quieren resucitar
al Patria
03-10-09
3 Complot en
contra del club
03-10-09
5 Los problemas en
la Federación
04-10-09
4 Rio de Janeiro es
una locura!
04-10-09
6 Cuando no está
con la “tri”
04-10-09
4 Crack de norte el
equipo…
04-10-09
2 La sapada gigante. 04-10-09
Crack Crack del norte 1 Crack del norte el
equipo del cerro
04-10-09
Club
Fue al club a
despedirse
4 Antes de viajar 05-10-09
3 Alex Bolaños
dentro del futbol
05-10-09
4 Alex bolaños se
confesó con Extra
05-10-09
2 Queremos el
puesto de Ecuador
07-10-09
Showbol El showbol nos da la
oportidad…
2 Queremos el
puesto de Ecuador
07-10-09
Gol Pronostican 2 goles
Ecuador..
4 Hoy Ecuador vs.
Argentina
08-10-09
Club Salió del club 1 Que grande el
equipo
08-10-09
1 Elizaga tiene las
condiciones para tapar
08-10-09
52 de
3 Liga del Sur
organiza torneo
08-10-09
1 Hoy Ecuador vs.
Argentina
08-10-09
Beisbol Al torneo de beisbol 4 Liga del Sur
organiza torneo
08-10-09
Penalty Lanzamientos de
penalties
1 Guayas, campeón
de
08-10-09
53
QUANTITATIVE TABULATION
Chart Nº SIXTEEN
Variable National Newspaper “El Comercio”
Anglicisms
Section
f %
News 21 16,53
Ads 58 45,67
Social Pages 14 11,03
Sports 28 22.05
Reports 6 4,72
Total 127 100
54
Chart Nº SEVENTEEN
Variable Local Newspaper “La Hora”
Anglicisms
Section
f
%
News 16 28,08
Ads 15 26,32
Social Pages 8 14,03
Sports 7 12,28
Reports 11 19,29
Total 57 100
Author: Santos Marina Galarza Guevara
55
Chart Nº EIGHTEEN
Variable Tabloid “El Extra”
Anglicisms
Section
f
%
News 14 15,39
Ads 38 41,76
Social Pages 15 16,48
Sports 10 10,98
Reports 14 15,39
Total 91 100
56
Chart N° NINETEEN
The Most Frequent Anglicisms (in all variables)
Anglicisms Word repetition
Number
Club
Full
Fútbol
Lider
Cheque
Bus
Internet
Web
Gol
Tenis
Sexy
Ranking
Dolar
Hot
Challenger
Festival
Games
Marketing
Blackberry
Set
147
87
66
65
56
47
42
33
26
22
21
20
20
14
14
14
13
12
9
8
61 Lobby
Robot
People
Baby
Folklore
Jazz
Voleibol
Shock
Power
Scanner
Tire city
Hockey
MP3
Mp4
Hatch back
Laptop
Play station
Smoking
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
62
DISCUSSION
This section contains a summary of the research about the use of anglicisms and examples of some of the most common English words used in our language. The first part of the content is the Theoretical Background and it explains some terms that could create confusion if they are not completely clear and understandable. The second part is the description and analysis of the results.
Theoretical Background
The relationships created by the different human groups have had a big variety of causes and reasons, these have produced in the same way, a big variety of results, one of them is the changes in the language of the communities because it has been affected too.
