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The Spanish National Program for Particle Physics
Juan A. Fuster Verdú IFIC-València/MICINN Madrid, 8 Julio 2008
Particle Physics Experiment & Theory Nuclear Physics Experiment
Some Theory
Astroparticle Physics & Cosmology Theory & Experiment
Information Technology GRID, e-Science
R&D in Accelerators and Detectors Physics Applications
HEP Research in Spain: Topics
(as covered by the program FPA)
HEP Research in Spain
Ministry of Science and Innovation
Universities (over 60) 10 with active
programs in HEP
• some have joint institutes with CSIC
IFIC Valencia IFCA Santander
•some with Institutes funded by regional governments
IFAE Barcelona CAFP Granada IGFAE Santiago
CSIC
120 Research Institutes IFIC**,IFCA, IEM*,IMAFF, IFT*
(*only theory) (**partly theory)
IAA, CNM-IMB
CIEMAT Basic Research Dept.
strong in technology (accelerator technology)
Others LSC IAC PIC
HEP staff & graduate students in Spain
(projects supported by PNFPA as of 2006) Permanent scientific staff: 223
Temporary scientific staff: 135 Graduate students: 212
Technical: 59
Total 424 + 212 PhDs (Important to note is the “very small number of engineers/technicians”
OEP07-CSIC: 250 CT, 30 TS) Also includes:
Experimental Nuclear Physics
& LHC Computing
Experimentalists:196 Theorists: 162
Scientif Staff
0 50 100 150 200 250
1983 1990 2002 2005 2006
Theorist
Experimentalists
Scientific Publications
(CERN SCOAP3 Study Group)
•N(authors)<10: Spain 3,2% (mainly theory)
•N(authors)>10: Spain 0,9% (mainly experiments)
•N(authors)>10 with at least One Spanish author: Spain 27%
Spain needs to:
Increase the comunity ? (period with no running CERN experiments)
Experimental Particle Physics Survey ECFA 2006 (only experimental HEP)
Total Spain
Total/Population FTE/million hab.
(42 m)
Total/Population Average CERN Member states
Spain Total/GDP
FTE/G€
(835 G€)
Total/GDP Average CERN Member states
Graduate
Students 107 2.6
65%
4.0 0.13 72%
0.18
PhDs 147 3.6
40%
8.9 0.18 44%
0.41
Spain vs CERN members
8.7% Population
8.2% GDP
• France 175 481 656
• Germany 543 761 1303
• Italy 231 1225 1456
• UK 259 334 594
• Spain 107 147 254
Graduate Students PHD´s Total
Spain HEP community is still factor ~2 lower than
8 July 2008 J. Fuster 7
Particle Physics Experiment & Theory Nuclear Physics Experiment
Some Theory
Astroparticle Physics & Cosmology Theory & Experiment
Information Technology GRID
R&D in Accelerators and Detectors Physics Applications
Medical Physics
HEP Research in Spain
31%
11%
11%
4%
19%
24%
HEP Funding Sharing: FPA2005-2007
Accelerators, R&D, ILC Aplications: Medical Physics
Experimental
Astroparticle Physics Experimental
Nuclear Physics
Experimental Particle Physics
Theory
GRID 50% CERN
20-30% CERN
50% CERN
5-10% CERN 90% CERN
100% CERN
CERN = 65% FPA
Los detectores de los Grandes Aceleradores Principios Básicos
Capa interna
Calorimetría
Electrogmagnética Hadrónica
Cámaras de μ Trazas
Capa externa γ
μ
Ejemplo DELPHI en LEP Concepción + proyecto: 3 años Construcción: 4 años Explotación y toma de datos: 10 años Colaboración internacional: ~ 50 institutos Número de físicos: 400-500 Coste de un experimento: 50 Meuros
Ejemplo ATLAS en LHC
Concepción + proyecto: 10 años Construcción: 10 años Explotación y toma de datos: 10 años Colaboración internacional: 130-150 grupos Número de físicos: ~2000 Coste de un experimento: 300 Meuros
1983
First LHC physics workshop 1984 LEP experiments: LoI 1982
Duration of Projects
Perfil de la actividad de los grupos experimentales en FPA Fase de Diseño de un Experimento
EoI: Expression of Interest
Primeros Conceptos, I+D, nuevas tecnologías, Subdetectores, 10-20 años
LoI: Letter of Intend Primeros estudios Viabilidad Primeros Conceptos Globales
TDR: Technical Design Report Documento formal experimento Incluye costes
Firma de compromisos de los grupos, MoUs
Perfil de la actividad de los grupos experimentales en FPA Diseño+Construcción+Explotación+Mantenimiento&Operación
Diseño
10-20 años10-20 años Diseño
Construcción
Diseño + Construcción (actividad, recursos)
I+D I+D Próximo
Experimento TDR, MoU
Decisión de participación
Construcción
10-20 años
Diseño Explotación+M&O
Diseño+Construcción+
Explotación+M&O
Perfil de la actividad de los grupos experimentales en FPA Varios experimentos/grupos: Organización de su actividad
Sin organización FPA
Actividades consumo de recursos
Experimento 1 Experimento 2
I+D,Construcción,Explotación, M&O de Exp-1+Exp-2
Idealmente Organizado FPA
Actividades consumo de recursos
Experimento 1 Experimento 2
I+D,Construcción,Explotación, M&O de Exp-1+Exp-2
Ejemplo de Colaboración: CERN
El mayor laboratorio europeo dedicado a la investigación de Partículas
Fundado en 1954
Situado en Ginebra (Suiza)
Una de las primeras aventuras europeas de colaboración internacional.
Actualmente cuenta con 20 estados miembros (entre ellos España). Otros estados participan en calidad de “estados observadores” (EEUU, Japón, Rusia ... ) . Contribución de acuerdo con PIB de cada pais (España contribuye alrededor del 8,2%).
Mas de 10.000 científicos de todo el mundo participan en experimentos del
CERN (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas –CSIC- son
unos 5.000 científicos).
DATOS CERN
• 2544 Staff (31.12.2007)
• 8369 Users
• Budget (2008)
Expenses: 897.8 MCHF (598.5 M Euro) Income: 1125.9 MCHF (750.6 M Euro)
• Member States: Austria, Belgium,
Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
• Observers: India, Israel, Japan, the Russian Federation, the United States
DATOS CERN
• 2645 Staff (31.12.2006)
• Research physicists ………. 76
• Engineers and scientists ………….. 980
• Technicians ………900
• Administrators and office staff …….465
• Craftsmen ……….. 224
• Fellows ………269
• Paid associates ………... 444
• Students ……… 168
• Apprentices ……….. 26
CERN: the World’s Most Complete Accelerator Complex
(not to scale)
8 July 2008 J. Fuster 19
LHC Experiments
LHC : 27 km long
~100m underground
Spanish Contribution:
as CERN Member
Heavy ions ALICE Spanish Contribution:
Computing, Common Fund: A+B
General Purpose, pp, heavy ions
ATLAS/LHCf
CMS/TOTEM
Spanish Contribution:
μ-system, Common Fund: A+B
Spanish Contribution:
SCT, Ecal-LAr, TiCal, Common Fund: A+B Pp, B-physics, CPV
LHCb
Spanish Contribution:
InTrk, ScintPaDet Common Fund: A+B GRID:
Tier 1 3 Tier 2
HEP Funding
Only Direct cost funding is considered (equipment, travelling, personnel) Special Actions: MoUs, conferences, strategic actions
5th contributor to the CERN budget (8,2% ~53M€).
About 60% funding approved w.r.t. requested, 2005-2007 (contributions to experiments M&O are 21% more expensive 0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
2000 2003 2006
Projects & Other Actions Only Projects
The three years period structure has been organized and its impact Minimized (no overhead considered)
8 July 2008 J. Fuster 21
Particle Physics Experiment & Theory Nuclear Physics Experiment
Some Theory
Astroparticle Physics & Cosmology Theory & Experiment
Information Technology GRID
R&D in Accelerators and Detectors Physics Applications
Medical Physics
HEP Research in Spain
25%
21%
5%
22%
10%
17%
HEP Funding Profile: FPA2008
Equipment Others
(quotas , etc..)
Overhead
Personnel:
• Post-docs (Th.)
• Technicians (Exp.)
• PhDs (Th.+Exp)
Consumables Travels (long stays, etc..)
HEP Funding: Bilateral Agreements
Traditional with INFN and IN2P3 and with Portugal and Argentina since 2006 (~300 Keuros)
Year 2007 Spanish
Travels Foreign
Travels Days of Spanish Physicist
Days of Foreign Physicsts
Argentina 15 18 448 360
Italia (INFN) 79 93 1102 884
Francia (IN2P3) 71 67 549 460
Portugal 12 16 114 122
Total 177 194 2213 1826
Conversations with Germany for similar future cooperations is going on
4 CIEMAT4
(Madrid)
(València)IFIC
Experimental Groups in Spain: Pre-LEP (“Comunidades históricas, ~1950-1960”)
(Santander)IFCA
Spain/CERN during LEP:
ALEPH, DELPHI, L3, DIRAC, CAST, ν−experiments…
LEP/ALEPH IFAE-Barcelona
LEP/DELPHI IFIC-València IFCA-Santander
LEP/L3
CIEMAT-Madrid
Spain/LEP scientific production:
• 10-30 tesis perSpanishgroup
• ~300 publications perexp.
• >11000 citationsper exp.
• 1-2 paperswith > 500 cit. perexp.
• ~50 paperswith > 50 cit. perexp.
• Importantcooperationbetween exper-theo Spanishgroups
Asymptotic freedom Confinement
4 4
DIRACLHCb
CMSCDF CMS CDF
ATLAS ZEUSCMS D-CHOOZCDF
FAST
ATLAS CDFT2K BaBarLHCb
ATLAS CDFT2K BaBar
Experimental Accelerator Physics in Particle Physics in Spain (2008)
4
Spanish Participation in LHC
ATLAS
IFAE (Barcelona)
CNM-IMB (Barcelona) IFIC (Valencia)
UAM (Madrid)
CMS
CIEMAT (Madrid) IFCA (Santander) UO (Oviedo)
UAM (Madrid)
LHCb
UB (Barcelona) URL (Barcelona)
USC-IGFAE (Santiago)
ATLAS+CMS+LHCb being completed…start… end of 2008
Spanish Contributions ATLAS 2,1%
CMS 1,5%
LHCb 2,7%
Spanish Participation (including engineers ~1/3) ATLAS ~85/2500 3,4%
CMS ~50/2000 2,5%
LHCb ~33/690 4,8%
LHC most powerful accelerator When in operation:
LHC will become the most empty place in the Universe LHC will have the hottest & coldest point in the Universe
LHC records
4 4
AUGER
MAGIC Bipo (SN)
DES
AUGERDM
Experimental group(s) Scientific infrastructure
DM, 2β Bipo (SN) CAST,ANAIS AUGER
MAGIC AMSDM
DES ANTARES
Bipo (SN)
Canfranc
La Palma
Experimental
Astroparticle Physics in Spain (2008)
4 4
Nuclear Physics
ISOLDEFAIR N-TOF
GANIL LEGNARO
JEFFLAB LOUVAIN JAVALSKAYA Experimental group(s)
Theory groups
4 4
3 3
Particle, Astroparticle &
Gravity/Cosmology
Theoretical Physics
Standard Model
EWSB:Higgs?
The Standard Model is an extremely successful theory but still incomplete….
LHC Quark Flavour
Lepton Flavour
SK-T2K
More Fundamental Theory…
Naturalness ?
Cosmo/Astro
Why 3 ?
Origin of fermion masses ?
Dark matter ?
Technology, R&D, Outreach
• Computing
– E-Science (GRID technology)
• Semiconductors:
– Silicon detectors – Medical Imaging – Radiation Hardness – High density bonding
• Accelerators:
– Magnets – Cryogeny
– RF, Power Supplies
• Projects:
– CLIC/CTF3 – ILC, ATF2 – SLHC, RD50
– Dear Mama, CIMA
Some examples
IFCA
Eventos 2008
• 19 de Septiembre 2008, Inauguración MAGIC II, La Palma, España
• 21 de Octubre 2008, Inauguración LHC, CERN-Ginebra, SUiza
• 13-14 Noviembre 2008, Inauguración AUGER, Malage, Argentina
