IP_Lab5

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE INGENIERIA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE INGENIERIA

Laboratorio N°5

Laboratorio N°5

MEDICION DE LA TENSIÓN, CORRIENTE;

MEDICION DE LA TENSIÓN, CORRIENTE;

POTEN

POTENCIA ACTIVA

CIA ACTIVA, APA

, APARENTE

RENTE, , REACT

REACTIVA

IVA;;

FA

FACTOR DE

CTOR DE POTENCIA,

POTENCIA, ENERGÍA Y THD%

ENERGÍA Y THD%

INFORME PREVIO

INFORME PREVIO

CURSO: Laboratoro !" M"!!a# E$&tr&a# I

CURSO: Laboratoro !" M"!!a# E$&tr&a# I

PROFESOR: V"'to#$$a (")a$$o#

PROFESOR: V"'to#$$a (")a$$o#

 ALUMNO: T

 ALUMNO: T""*a!a Ca#$$a +or# L"o

*a!a Ca#$$a +or# L"o

CICLO: -./0

CICLO: -./0

-./

-./

MEDICION DE LA TENSIÓN, CORRIENTE;

POTENCIA ACTIVA, APARENTE, REACTIVA;

FACTOR DE POTENCIA, ENERGÍA Y THD%

I.

OBJETIVOS.-• M"!r 1 &o23arar &o' $a 3art" t"4r&a $a# 2"!&o'"# !" $a t"'#4', &orr"'t";

3ot"'&a a&t)a, a3ar"'t", r"a&t)a; 5a&tor !" 3ot"'&a, "'"r67a 1 THD%8 II. FUNDAMENTO

TEÓRICO.-Circuito RLC.- 

E' "$"&tro!'92&a ' circuito RLC "# ' &r&to $'"a$ " &o't"'" 'a r"##t"'&a "$&tr&a, 'a bob'a <'!&ta'&a= 1 ' &o'!"'#a!or <&a3a&ta'&a=8

E>#t"' !o# t3o# !" &r&to# RLC, "' serie o "' paralelo, #"6?' $a 't"r&o'">4'

!" $o# tr"# t3o# !" &o23o'"'t"#8 E$ &o23orta2"'to !" ' &r&to RLC #" !"#&rb"' 6"'"ra$2"'t" 3or 'a "&a&4' !5"r"'&a$ !" #"6'!o or!"' <"' !o'!" $o# &r&to# RC o RL #" &o23orta' &o2o &r&to# !" 3r2"ro or!"'=8

Co' a1!a !" ' 6"'"ra!or !" #"@a$"#, "# 3o#b$" '1"&tar "' "$ &r&to o#&$a&o'"# 1 ob#"r)ar "' a$6'o# &a#o# "$ 5"'42"'o !" r"#o'a'&a, &ara&t"ra!o 3or ' a2"'to !" $a &orr"'t" <1a " $a #"@a$ !" "'tra!a "$"6!a &orr"#3o'!" a $a 3$#a&4' 3ro3a !"$ &r&to, &a$&$ab$" a 3artr !" $a "&a&4' !5"r"'&a$ " $o r6"=

Circuito RLC en Serie.- 

D" $o# "#t!o# !" $o# &r&to# R, L 1 C, #" t"'":

TENSIONES PARCIALES. IMPEDANCIAS

Lo " 3"r2t" r"a$ar "$ !a6ra2a )"&tora$ !" t"'#o'"# !"$ &r&to, 1 "$ tr9'6$o &orr"#3o'!"'t", !"$ " #" obt"'" !)!"'!o ## $a!o# 3or $a 't"'#!a! I, "$ tr9'6$o !" impe!"ci!#, 1 2$t3$&a'!o ## $a!o# 3or $a 't"'#!a! I "$ tr9'6$o !" pote"ci!#.

POTENCIAS

M$t3$&a'!o "$ tr9'6$o !" t"'#o'"# !"$ &r&to 3or $a 't"'#!a! I #" obt"'" "$ tr9'6$o !" pote"ci!#8

Factor de Potencia

La 3ot"'&a "$&tr&a "# $a r"$a&4' !" 3a#o !" "'"r67a !" ' 5$*o 3or '!a! !" t"23o; "# !"&r, $a &a't!a! !" "'"r67a "'tr"6a!a o ab#orb!a 3or ' "$"2"'to "' ' t"23o !"t"r2'a!o8 La '!a! "' "$ S#t"2a I't"r'a&o'a$ !" U'!a!"# "# "$ )ato <watt =8

Ca'!o 'a &orr"'t" "$&tr&a 5$1" "' &a$"r &r&to, 3"!" tra'#5"rr  "'"r67a a$ Ba&"r ' traba*o 2"&9'&o o t"r2o!'92&o8 Lo# !#3o#t)o# &o')"rt"' $a "'"r67a "$&tr&a !" 2&Ba# 2a'"ra# ?t$"#, &o2o &a$or, $ <$923ara '&a'!"#&"'t"=, 2o)2"'to <2otor "$&tr&o=, #o'!o <a$ta)o= o 3ro&"#o# 72&o#8 La "$"&tr&!a! #" 3"!" 3ro!&r 2"&9'&a o 72&a2"'t" 3or $a 6"'"ra&4' !" "'"r67a "$&tr&a, o ta2b' 3or $a tra'#5or2a&4' !" $a $ "' $a# &$$a# 5oto"$&tr&a#8 Por ?$t2o, #" 3"!" a$2a&"'ar 72&a2"'t" "' bat"r7a#8

La "'"r67a &o'#2!a 3or ' !#3o#t)o "$&tr&o #" 2!" "' )ato#0Bora <B=, o "' $o)ato#0Bora <B=8 Nor2a$2"'t" $a# "23r"#a# " #2'#tra' "'"r67a "$&tr&a a $a '!#tra 1 $o# Bo6ar"#, "' $6ar !" 5a&trar "$ &o'#2o "' )ato#0Bora, $o Ba&"' "' $o)ato#0Bora <B=8 La 3ot"'&a "' )ato# <= o $o)ato# <= !" to!o# $o# a3arato# "$&tr&o# !"b" 56rar *'to &o' $a t"'#4' !" a$2"'ta&4' "' 'a 3$a&a 2"t9$&a b&a!a, 6"'"ra$2"'t", "' $a 3art" tra#"ra !" !&Bo# "3o#8 E' $o# 2otor"#, "#a 3$a&a #" Ba$$a &o$o&a!a "' 'o !" ## &o#ta!o# 1 "' "$ &a#o !" $a# bo2b$$a# !" a$2bra!o "$ !ato )"'" 23r"#o "' "$ &r#ta$ o "' # ba#"8

S" !"5'" 5a&tor !" 3ot"'&a, 58!838, !" ' &r&to !" &orr"'t" a$t"r'a, &o2o $a r"$a&4' "'tr" $a 3ot"'&a a&t)a, P, 1 $a 3ot"'&a a3ar"'t", S8 Da 'a 2"!!a !" $a &a3a&!a! !" 'a &ar6a !" ab#orb"r 3ot"'&a a&t)a8 Por "#ta ra4', 58!83  . "' &ar6a# 3ra2"'t" r"##t)a# 1 "' "$"2"'to# '!&t)o# 1 &a3a&t)o# !"a$"# #' r"##t"'&a 58!83  -8

S" !"5'" "$ 5a&tor !" 3ot"'&a &o2o:

Do'!"  "# "$ 9'6$o "'tr" $a 3ot"'&a a&t)a P 1 "$ )a$or ab#o$to !" $a a3ar"'t" S

 A Ba1 ' "rror 1a " 58!838 'o "# '"&"#ara2"'t" 6a$ a &o#<PB= 1a " a!"29# !"3"'!" !" $a !#tor#4' ar24'&a8 E$ Fa&tor !" Pot"'&a <FP= "# $a r"$a&4' "'tr" $a# Pot"'&a# A&t)a <P= 1 A3ar"'t" <S=8 S $a o'!a !" &orr"'t" a$t"r'a "# 3"r5"&ta2"'t" #"'o!a$, FP 1 Co# &o'&!"'8

S $a o'!a 'o 5"#" 3"r5"&ta S 'o "#tar7a ?'&a2"'t" &o23"#ta 3or P 1 , #'o " a3ar"&"r7a 'a t"r&"ra &o23o'"'t" #2a !" to!a# $a# 3ot"'&a# " 6"'"ra $a !#tor#4'8 A "#ta &o23o'"'t" !" !#tor#4' $" $$a2ar"2o# D8

S3o'6a2o# " "' $a '#ta$a&4' Ba1 'a Ta#a !" D#tor#4' Ar24'&a <THD= a$ta 1 !"b!o a " Ba1 &orr"'t"# ar24'&a#8 E#ta# &orr"'t"# ar24'&a#, *'to &o' $a t"'#4' a $a " "#t9 #o2"t!o "$ &o'!&tor 3or "$ 5$1"' !a &o2o r"#$ta!o 'a 3ot"'&a, " # 5"#" #ta $a ?'&a !#tor#4' "' $a '#ta$a&4', # )a$or #" &orr"#3o'!"r7a &o' "$ tota$ !" $a# !#tor#o'"# D8

E$ Co# <Co#"'o !" = 'o "# 29# " "$ &o#"'o !"$ 9'6$o  " 5or2a' $a 3ot"'&a a&t)a <P= 1 $a a3ar"'t" <S= "' "$ tr9'6$o !" 3ot"'&a# tra!&o'a$8

S $a# &orr"'t"# 1 t"'#o'"# #o' 3"r5"&ta2"'t" #"'o!a$"# #" t"'" $a 56ra . 1 3or $o ta'to:

R"#$ta'!o " "$ 58!83 "# "$ &o#"'o !"$ 9'6$o " 5or2a' $o# 5a#or"# !" $a &orr"'t" 1 $a t"'#4'8 E' "#t" &a#o #" 3"!" ob#"r)ar " &o#<J)0JI=  &o#<J(= !o'!" ( "# $a 23"!a'&a ")a$"'t" !"$ ##t"2a8 A 3artr !" "#to #" 3"!" "'t"'!"r "$

&o2o 'a 2"!!a !" $a Bab$!a! !"$ "$"2"'to ( 3ara ab#orb"r 3ot"'&a a&t)a8 Para 'a r"##t"'&a8 Para 'a '!&ta'&a 1 &o'!"'#a!or:

E$ !#3o#t)o t$a!o 3ara 2"!r "$ 58!838 #" !"'o2'a &o#52"tro III.