Colombian agricultural reserch systems

Texto completo

(1)I I I I I I I I I I I I I.. I I I I I I. 165/3. COLOMBIAN. AGRICULTURAL. RESEARCH. SYSTEMS. ! Josue Franco Mendoza ---------~-. General Manager. Bogotá, :.Jctober, 1.977.

(2) ----,. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I. AGRICU LTURE RESEARCH IN 1 .-. ---- .,,_....-. ... ".~--~. SYSTEMS. COLOMBIA. HISTORICALREVIEW.The Agriculture Research in Colombi.a goes back to 1.928,. year in which the National Go>re'mment, according to Law 41 of 1.926 and Resolution No. 29 of the 16th of May in the sameyear, the Ministry. \. of Industry created an Entity incharged of fomenti.ng t\')e development of agriculture. That originated theestablishment of a model farm, today called National Center of Agriculture Researh "palmira. I!,. that started. to work in December of the same year in cu\tivations of cotton, sugar cane, rice, tobacco, pla. 1,. cassava, corn, beans, soy beans,' and. cu'i:ti.ng grass. In 1.938 the farme was transfered to the Ministry of Agriculture, whc in 1 .948, initiated the reorganization of the agriculture research labo'~r. that culminated in 1.950 with the <,stablishment of the Special. Investigation Office (OlE).. lb; .:'bjecti.\.cs consim:ed pl"incipally in the. incrementation of the basicfood pf'oducts, specially. whE'3.i:. same as the forming of scient.sts and the promotion of. ~he. and corn, tht development. of education and research institlltes. The first results motivated the Government to increase the researcl, proSlra,"s, li,'\bourcthat was complemented in 1.959 due to an úgr"ecTr~enL. 'wvl tI-: l:hc. ;:".~ra¡'-'i.:tn. Credit. f~3c:tn~(,. w. so that this ent_lty v,¡as incharged. i'.

(3) -----.-------...............-,-------------------. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I. ,-<'. 2 -. multiplying and distributing the OIA's improved seeds. The succesc;es of OLA in the developments of the Agriculture. and. Cattle sector were the fundamental reasons for the creation of the Colombia.n Agriculture lnstitute (ICA) in 1 ,963, as a pubtic decentralized establishment, with Juridical solicitorship and independent patrimol'ly, according to Oecrees Nos. 1,562 of 1 ,962 and 3,116 of 1 ,963, In 1,968, with Oecree 2,420, through which the Agriculture and Cattle sector was reestructurated, ICA received the following functions :. a,- To promote, coordinate and realiza, directly or in colaboration of other entities,. biologic,"~. and physical investigations, and socio-. economical stu(Hes, with objectives to increase the Agriculture and Cattle Production within the pocilies adopted by the National Government. b,- To promote and increase the results of the agriculture research the same as forward stuclies. 01'1 "Tv~thods. of technology transference,. c,- To prepare and c,apacitate profesionals ano technicians for i.ts own service. d,- To increase, deve'o and control the acomplishments ofthe norms given by the 'Ministry of Agr'iculture in:. 1) Prevention, diagnosis. ,,. '). (",. ~. ¡ <!.. ~,n. <;~. and control of dese:e\ses and plagues that affect animals, and vegetables,. ct?·. ,<J..' :;¡¡;. . (. . . ." '. O. ..J. .c, c,:;. Le. ,'-". l. ,. .' .. ..... 2) Sanity and quality that the coldstorange l"\Ollses and meat processing r>lants must accomplish for exportation, ,,"ccording to agreements with the. ,) , .!, L~.1. ~-.

(4) I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I. -. 3. -. av,:,",orities of the purchasing countries. 3) Quality formulations, handling, and transportation and use of fertihzers, soU conditioners, herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, and al! the. other_~laguicides. of agricultural use,. de"o.'.acioners and plant physiological regularizers, ar:'imal feeding, salt, drcJgs and biological products of veterinarian use, 4) Seed certification. 5) .<\nimal incubation andartificial insemination. e.- Sanitary control on importations and exportations of an:mals and vegetables, and products of animal and vegetal origin to prevent the introduction oí' deseases and plagues that could affect the agr'iculture and cattle raising in the country, an certify the sanitary quality of exportations. f.- To promote the uttlizationof certified seeds and produce thecn when necessary. g.- To promote the LlttlLúLtlon o',' techniqu6.'1' for3-',1lmal incubation and artifi.cial insemlnation, and to render thB necessary services in these practices. h.- To supervise and to evaluate the agricultura and cattle. tL,Chnical assista,nc"" speciCil1y the ordered by L-aw of 1.973 and its reglamentary Deu"'l";, for the credits g'i.ven i.n the charge of th¿. \,\¡a':i.onal Government. i.- To perfol'm t.he required functions of research and.

(5) ------,---~--_. I I. -. I I I I I I I I I I I I I. I I I. -. ... 4 -. technology transferance for the rural development programs that are being forwarded in colaboration of other state organisms. j ,- To promote actualization cQu.rses to lend advisal services,. and to realize other activities in Agriculture and Cattle matters in benefit of profesionals, technicians, agricultures, and cattle raisers.. 2.-. ADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTURE.To accomplish with the mentioned functions, the Colombian. Agriculture Institute,. r~A,. has the formal structure presented-in. Attachment No, 1, The Directive Board of lCA is integrated in the following way : a.- The Minister of Agriculture,. 01". his delegate, who is the. Presidenta b.- The Head of the f\lational Planning. Depal~trnent 01". his. delegate. c. - The General Manager of the Colombian Institute for the Agrarian Reform (iNCORA). d.- The Manager of the National Coffee Grower Federation his. d"de~Jate.. '" . - The KQctor of the ¡--Jationa 1 University. f. o -_. The representative of the National Association of the Rural Users.. g.- Two representatives. 01". their substitutes, named by the. 01". _-._-,.

(6) I I. -. 5. -. President of the Republic.. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I. The General Manager of ICA is the legal representative of' the instltution and is first executive authority responsible of its functioning and accrued developmentof"its functions.. , \. 3,-. RESEARCH VICEMANAGER.The agriculture research in Colombia is carried out. principally by ICA, in the Research Vicemanagement that has the organization that 1S showed in Attachment No, 2, Structure Analysis.In ti,,, structure of the Resaarch Vicemanagement, two leves are designad : The National and. the Regional. National Level.Vicemanager Divisions National Program Directors Nationat Coordinator¿. of Cl"OpS and/or Animats. 3.1.2,. Regional' Level.Regional. R"search Director Cente,' Director and/or Experimental Station Director Uder of. multidisciplin~ry ~roups..

(7) -. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I. .... ' ____ ------,,.---. . _ - - - - - . . . , . '.. ,I _ _ _ _ _ _-. ......----------------~'. 6 -. Function~. -. Of the Vi.cemanagement : To recomend the criteria aro directrix that will orientate the research with a view to increase production and agriculture and cattle productivity and the welfare of the rural communiti.es within tl,e policies of the Government '.. through the National Department of Planeation and the Ministry of Agriculture. To determine priorities of research according to national. n. or regi.onal poli.cies and to recomend to the General. ii'} ~j. Manager the programs and projects of investigations to be. ,'!'. ,!~¡. forwarded, continued or suspended, To orient, normalize, coordinate, organize, supervise and evaluate the execution of the research projects adopted bythe Institute in its differ'ent regions. To supply the Cener'al Manager with the infc'r'mati.on he requests about the accornplishment 01' the development programs, To inform opportunately to the General Manager of any ir'r€>ilu:arityor obstacle that raí ses in tt,e accomplishment of thE! programs in his are¡;l.. 1. 1"l..

(8) <-_.. _ - - - - . _ - , .. _ - - , - - - - - -. I I. ., I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I. -. 3.2.2.. 7 -. Of the Divisions.-. To define the national plan of research based on the analysis of the regional research plans. To approve, modify, extend,. 01". object the research. projects porposed by the Regionals, taking as frameof reference the national policy of research. To advise the regional investigators in carriyng out the research projects approved to be realízed by the Regional. To supervbe and evaluate the execution of the i.nvestigabon at a regional level. To inform the Vicemanager of research on the status of the research development in each Region. To determine the hurna.n, ptlysical and economical resources asigna,hcn, t,) asure the success of the approved project. To coordinate with national and international entibes and corporations the cooperative projects of investigation, In cooperation of the Directors or National Program Coordi",3.tors, to program the reallzation of periodic reu' ,¡,X1S with federatiom,;, associations, and corporat'ions of farmers and/or cattle raisers, to inform them on research results and at the same time acknowledge their.

(9) I I. -. 8. necessities.. To coordinate the research and activities of national. I I I. character. To determine the necessities of capacities of the people of the 01vision. To cO:Jrdinate with the Supervising Oivisions of. ~. Agriculture and Cattle materials, the investigations on products, distribution and utilization of materials. To :Jrganize, accordinate and direct the activities related to the use of statisfic information, data processing an::l ~. ¡¡. advise services, and pubhcati.on of statistic methods and. Cf. -I. G. data handling,. eB:. .. ...¡. in the country,. y. ~. 3,2,3 0. Of the Program. Na~!:.,?nal. Dil'ectot's :. To evaluate the research projects. i. ~. I I. !. r. [:¡. ?- !'i. ~. !. I. .--¿. t'). To coordinate the production of basic materials required. ,. I. •t;. experiments technicas, and too fixing of guide tines of the. 0\'. j. ,'e;)i:Jl1ctl and national. character, together with the National Coordinators of Crops and Animal3.. ," "; .. ::.:-¡. To advise to the Regionals in the planning and execution. c,..> '!.J.I ~ r:'L. ,. ,-, Ci.-'l. '.J. 01". r~'sm'\I'ch. projects,. ":..!:... .-~:::. To 3up3rvise and evaluat" too development and results. :-'i!. __ J C? o ,-. (:"). C). , <.::l. J. -"",. ,. •. u.J.

(10) I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I. -. 9. -. of the research projects in coordination with the Regional Director of Research. To propose, direct and exeQute research projects of national and regional character. To direct the execution and to supervise the research guided to regularize polici8S on agriculture and cattle materials, 3.2,,4 0. Of the National Coordinators of Cultivation and Specie : To maintain the information actualized on certain annual species. 01'. cultivation, in relation with ;:>roduction,. commercü"ization, industrialization, the same as the 'lnvestigation activity and problem diagnosis. To advise the Divisions and to the Regional Directors of Research in the elaboration, supervision, execution and evaluation of the investigaUon projects. To propose, direct and execute reseélrch projects of national and. re~)ional. To evaluate the. charar..ter.. i~"nefíts. of the programmed production.. To quantity the effects of the results of the research in :,d. thc i1.griculture and cattle economy and to represent the Division in its specially aspects, when requested.. ,o: <,,;.

(11) I I '1. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I. -. 3.2 0 5,. 1 O -. Of the Regional Directors of lnvestigation :. To representate the Vi.cemanagement of lnvestigation on the Advise Committee of the. respective Regional Management, To be the link and support between the investigation activities of ICA and the Agriculture Production, Cattle Production and Rural Development, coordinating the systems of the technological models that are required, To coordinate the activities that wi II identify the problems that must be solved by research and present them to the Advise COP1mittee of the Regional Manager for the definition of the regional research plan. To colaborate with the General Manager in the definition of the work resources and systems that wi 11 asure the accomplishment and objectives of agt'iculture research, To coordinate with the Uders of the multid:sciplinary groups the projects of sludy and the research projects .:t elaboration of the Regionals and send them to the respectivi :::> (J Divi.sion of the Vicemanagement of Research for fi.nal u-'. e.... ("). C'.:. el <'(. To supervise'and evaluate the development and results of the n,search projeccs in coordination with the liders of.

(12) I I I 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I. -. 1 1 -. the multidisciplinary groups, coordinators and National Directors of Programs. -. To program with the Directprs of Centers and Stations, and District Directors, the utilization of human, physical and financial resources that are required for the research projects.. To coordinate with the Regional Director of Rural Development the publication of research results. ,,'. 3.2.6.. Of the. mul!.!...di~iplinary. group Liders :. To participate in the diagnosisof the regional research needs related with the project. To participate in the elaboration of the Regional Research plan. Together with the Regional Dir'ector of Research, to define the priot' researC¡"l projects to. De. delieloped.. To structure the outlined pl'Ojects, according to established norms. To respond for the execution and direction of the approve;d. To rnal<E"o the required. evaluatic~1s. and to give the". information according to he chronogram of the project.

(13) ,_ _. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I. .~u;_··. __. '''''''''J'~'"'. "',"I•• ,I_taII ..... _. _ . , ... ....,"W .. _ ~. _ _ _ _ _,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ,."•• _, •• ,. _ _ ••' ••"II_••,.'___=-. -. 1 2 -. -. activities. To be responsible that the research results of the project are published. To give the information requested by the Division and Regional Research Director. To coordinate with the Regional Director of Rural Development the publication of the research results. To submit through the Regional Manager, the information on research activities,. 3 0 2 0 7.. Of the Directors of Research Centers and Stations :. To program and coordinate with the Regional Directors, the utilizabon of human, physical and financial resources requested by the activities developed in the Center or Station, To compile, analize and send to the D'ivision of Agriculture Engineering, tl"le necéssar'Y data to ps,rrrüt the actualization and maintainance up-dated of the real necessities of the group in each C"', ter or Station, so that the period transportation of equipment is ordered to attend apporunely the!"" necessities to a regional leve l. To el.abarate the programation of Commercial Demonstra tive Projects, together with the regional Directors of.

(14) I I. '.. 1 I I I I I I I. •I I I I I I I. -. 1 3. -. Research and guard for their execution. To respond on the keepi.ng of too adequate records, that will permi.t the economical.§nalysis of the Commercial Demonstrative Projects to accomplish with too demon.= trative function and the elaboration of too Center's statistics, according to the unified norms and forms to be established, To respond of the opportune recolectton, adequate storage and the coordination of the product selling regarding the Center or S.ation. Organization Characteristi.cs .The investigation system is centralizedfor effects of policy, national plannin::¡, resources asigment, normalization, coordination and evaluation and, decentralization in what concerns t,:> execution, regional planning and administration, This organization has been considered as the rYlost eff'icient for the agriculture research because it gathers the local and regional, necessities with the governmental polici.es, applied to too corresponding scientific disci.plines of the development of new systems of vegetal and ani.mal produchon; gives integrdl solutions to the problems that affects the producers, CtUows an economy in h!,¡man and physic resources, it , tends so that the research programs not only contemplate the biophysicat.

(15) ~---. -. I I. '.. -. aspects, but al so the socio-economical aspects of the regions.. I I. •I • • • •I I. • • • •I I. 1 4. Actívities. lCA realize ínvestigation in thefollowing fields : Agronomy...:...:. Cotton, rice, cacao, brown sugar cane, minor cereals, vegetables, frutt trees, grain, leguminous, annualoleaginous, corn, sorgo, African palm, platain and banana, potatoes,cassava and tobacco.. In these crops tt is worked en phitopathology, sOils,. pea~. breeding, physíologyand cultural techniques. Animal Sciences.Meat and dairy cattle, swine, sheep, poultry, and minor species,. In these species it is worked on genetic nutrition, physiology,. grass and forage aspects and production systems.. 3,4.3.. Veterinarian Sciences.lnfectional deseases and epidermology, vescteulate deseases,. parasitology, and entomology, patology and toxicology. 3.4.4.. Agricultural Engíneering.'· It develops the Resources of Water and Land, Agricultural. Processes, and Agricultural Machinery. 3.4.5,. Agricultural Economy.- and Rural SociOlogy.This Div:sion. forewal~ds. regional and sectorial studíes and. of suppor't of the blophysical investigation..

(16) I I. 1 5 -. '. I. • • •I. I I I I I I I I I I I. According to the aboye, lCA takes account in the. Vicema~. gement of Research with 317 profesionals of which 44 have a Ph.D . level and 127 are M,Ss.. Besides, physically it has Centers and. Experimental Stations (See Charts 1 and 2) to accomplish the. ac~. vities and with support unities as the Division of Statistics and Biometry. 3;05.. Asignation of resources for the Agriculture Research.The asignation of resources for the research is part or the. national planning proces,,3 that is expressed in the four year plans of public i.nvestment plans the Government hasclassified the public activity in about 20 programs, and every entity can participate in several of them, what originates competence for resources that are expressed at the beginning, for an. ~nter!!ectorial. level (health,. education, agriculture, etc.); then the sectorial compet"mce is present, or between the different entities that conform a ,;ec:tor. (INCOF~,. lNDERENA, lCA, etc., within thé agricultural sector). This process i.s shown in Chart No. 3. At an institutional level, the research makes competence for resources, with 1:l1e otheractivities at charge of the institution : rural development, agt'icultural production, cattlc) production, in lCA rescarch, at the same time, extends competence for resources between the Agri.culture and Cattle branches, between programs (rice, cotton,..

(17) I I. '. I. • • •I I I I I I I I I. •I I. -. 1 6. -. beans, dairy cattle, etc.) and within these projects there can be stated the following : Vegetal Spectes. Animal Species. Plant breeding. Genetic. Sotis. Physiologyand Reproduction. Physiology. Grass. Cultural Practi.ces. Nutritton. Production. Production. Entomology. Veterinary Medicine. aro. Forrages. Phi topato logy In resume, the obtention of resources for research impltcates several asignments and decision levels, such as it is indicated in Chart No. 4. The astgnment mechanism for resources implic:ates two steps: Global programation Detai led programatlon The global programation step comprimises an annual reviston of the four year investment plan and the parallel elaboration of a budget for.§. project for the following period, The Genora! Budget Direction (DGP) and the Public lnvestmtónt Unity (UIP) of National Planning, makes an initial estímate of the Government income based on which the UIP and the Heads of other.

(18) I I. -. I I I. •I. I. •I I I I I I. •I I. -. 1 7 -. Sectorial Unities of Nattonal Planntng dtstrtbute quotes for sectors and prepare instructions for the elaboration of the fOreproject of annual project for the country.. Later, the Agrarian Studies Unity. (UEA) of National Planning, together with the Planning Office of the Agriculture and Cattle sector, and, finally, UIP prepares a report to the NatiO?1al Council for Economic and Social Polltics (CONPES), on the asigment of budget quotes project. At the project approval, OPSA reports to the Planning Office of lCA, the total global quotes asigned, in base of which the corresponding investment plan .; elaborate and the budget request for the study make by the Management Committee of the lnstitute. The investment plan and the budget requies, once approved, are sent to OPSA and UEA, where, after revision and adjustment, are turned over to CONPES and to the -Ministt'y of Trea.sul"e for posterior presentation to the National Congress for Final discussion. The detailed programation step. y. starts with the receipt in. the Planning Directions of definitive approval quotes in the budget law .. ~>~. ;'-~. project. In base of this quote, the programation of the Institute is readjusted and final estimates are presented for approval of the. .. (.) tJ.J. ...:(--. ::''l,-) C!.:. lV\anagemellt Committee, After approval of the quantities, a distribution process is. t:). m -,..:'~. <:). <í. h_. <:. •. -(. t.U. L.J. ,. f~. ... C) u: ~-~.. started for'the parties asigned to each proJect, at an activity and. ,. « :;::,. C' _..J. ;.;1. L:1.

(19) ,,--------. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I. ---~--. _.,. .. - --.-_.. -. 1 8 -. region leve!, and for the expense object. g¡.. At the ero of the process, the quantities are consolidated and a Determination and Budget and FinanciaJ Resolution of the. Admini~. trative Management. Imp licitly, the detailed programation process takes along the conforming of regional and -material action, programs, such as it is shown in Chart No. 5.. On the other side when the techniques of each program know the approved quantiiy, tney already have elaborated a serie of justified investigation projects, with their costs and priorities, which are sub mitted to study and approval of the Regional Director ofResearch, of the National Director of Programs and Adviser Committee of the Research Vicemanagement. This-¡:;roc,';Ss can be obser'Ved in Graphic No. 1.. 3.6.. Research Projects Generation.:Any technician from the Institute can generate an research. project, but it should be framed within the Institute poUcies and resolye a specific problem that affects cattle growers and/or farmers. These projects are approved at Regional Level for the respective Regional Management Cornmittee and sent in a natíonal leve! to the respective Division ; the last one studies them in colaboration of the Program Directors and with the Specie Coordinatqr. Once approved they are sent back to the respective Regional for execution..

(20) I -. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I. "1 9. At the charge of the Programation Division of the Planning Direction. In this step there is an ample participatien te the Vicemanagement, Division Directors, Program Directors and Regional Managers..

(21) - - - - -'-' - - - - - - - - - - - lIIiI. C'JADRO. ... 1.. _--_. ,.. ',.. _.-_._-~. h.iOMBRE. --'-'". '._. 0:- ...• _. ...-. ---_.~. U31CACION. Año. Extensión. ._-_.. Fund.. Has. BOGOTA Puerto López, Dpto. Meta. REG!ONAL 1: Tibaitatá San Jorge. BOGOTA Mosquero-, Dep!. Cundinamarca Soacho, Dept. Cundinamarca. REG IO~~AL 2: Turiponéi. MONTERIA Cereté, Dept. Córdoba. REGIONAL 3: Motiloriio Coribio. VA LLEDU PAR Codazzi, Dept. Cesar Sevilla, Dept. Magda lena. REGIONAL 4: Tulenapa El Nus La Selvo Tulio Ospina. MEDElllN Chigorodó, Dept. Antioquia Son José, Nus, Dept.Antioquia Río Negra, Dpt. Antioquia Medeltír;,. Dpt. Antioqulo. REGIONAL 5: Po Imira El Mira Obanuco. CAL!. REGIONAL 6: Macagual NGtaima. 'BAGUE Florencia, Depto. Caquetá El Espinol, Depto. rolimo. -. .. -_."----- .. __ o. OfiCINAS NALES. Ca:imagik.. '-,-. t. Ubicación y C0fQcterísficas g2nernfes de 10$ Centros y Es+ac;oncs ExperimentcJes del ¡CA.. ... Polmir", Dpto. Valle iumQco, OpIo. Noriño ?aHo, Depto. Nariño. --~. -_.- ,_.--..._ - - - - -. Tem . -. Altitud o P m.s. n. m. C.. "I. PreC;!.,f)\ta.. CI aSI'r'. ~.·-:Ion "' clon_. mm/ano. i,1. eC01¿Jico.. ,"--_.-. I. 1. 20.090. 182. 27. 2.000. bh/BAT. 1, ,1. 1951. 550. 2.600. 12,8. 751. bs MBT. 1962. 1.473. 15. 27,5. 1.200. bs BAT. 646 424. 132 20. 2B 3D. 1.250. bs BAT. 1.372. b BAT. 26. 28 23. bh BAT bh/bmhjPMT bmh MBí bh PMT. 1.000. b$ BAr bh BAr bh MT. 306 1936 1956 1942. 1. BOa 44. 2.200. 17. 25. ¡.500. 2J. 2.800 2'.000 2.089 1.462. 1926. 481 670 556. 1. 000. 24 26 13. 3.000 970. 1946. 1.200. 16. 2.700. r0. o. :i. 392. 1953. 263. 450 1.000. 25 24. 4.318 1.348. bmh BAT ;'. E:,. T. • •• -" ••• o. I. i. . ,I1. ,. 1. CHART 1.- Localization and General Characteristics of the Experimental ICA Centers and Stations.-. BiBliOTECA AGROPECUARIA ,..... (. ..... ,~. ....... "-,\. J. 1:. :1.

(22) .. ... _' - - - - -'-' - - - - - - - -'-. I. ~I. ••. I I,. CUADRO 1. (ContinlXlci6n). I,. NOMBRE. UBICACION. REGIONAL 7: \ El Arsenal. BUCARAMANGA Enciso, Depto. Santander. REGIONAL 8:. VI LLA VI CE NCI O. La Libertad. Villavicenc:ia, Depto. Meto. REGIONAL 9: *. MAN1ZALES. Año Fund.. 1959. Extensión Has. I. Altitud Temp. Prec.ipita- CI~sificación Clon • m.s.n.m. O C. eco l'oglca. mm/ año. 40. 1.400. 23. 1.500. bh PMT. 1.350. 450. 26. 4.000. bhíbmh/BAT. I\l ~. *. La Reg ¡ona! 9 r.o cuento con Centros o Estaciones Experimento les, conduciéndose los experimentos en campos de otras Instituciones.. *. Regional 9, has no Experimental Centers or Stations, and the experiments are conducted \n ':he fields of other institutions.-. 1\~~~1. .. "".~., _..~::;,\, /\Gi?CFECrAR:/, ",.: L ;".. j' ..··1 U~,"';'¡··\ ·...H).. 1\ h.J 1i'\. mY'II CA, -4<~U:'::; ~.: ,,~},~ ¿:H";.:::: :::: .+ ?~_\ a¡¡. ii4~""';ij.'..,,';..',i'.,""'-·'. 'j ."';.

(23) I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I. -. 22 -. Ci·i,'c:?,T 2.- Activitíes of ICA in the different Experimental Centers and Stations. , !. 1. rX:;>'CX3RAM. !. 2. 3. X. Cotton. 4. 5. X. )(. 8. 7. 8. 9. 10. X. X. X. )(. )(. X. X. R'ce. I Cacao. X. II Rrown Suaar. X. X X. Can e. 12 13 14 15 16 17. 11. )(. !. ' Minor Cereals. X. X. 1 M'Atiple Crops. X. X X. , Fruit Trees. X. X. Veaet.abces. i. ¡ Gcª,io I.eauminn,. X. X. )(. 'oo. X. X. X. X. X. I. X. X. Corn and Sorgo. I. X. X. X. X. X. ·. X. Annual Oleaqenous. ¡. ·,.. X. X. Pcr"cni .::t1 Oleaginous. X X. X. : ;uberous. X. --. X. ... X. ':. X. X X. Platain and Banana. X. X. X. X X. X. X. X. X. ·. !. X. i TolJiACCO. ~. ,,-. Mc.:\t Cattle. X. X. X. X. X. i. X. --IX. I DL1i ry Cattle. X. X. i Poultry i. X. X. X. ·,. !. X. X. X. ,.. ¡ 5 I!'li oe. I-s' ¡. ~. -. r .. , , : . ,.¡-;magua 2.. -f'~baitatá. 3. San Jorge 4. Turipaná 5. Moti!onia 6~. ~:aribia. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.. .'. Tulenapa El Nus La Selva Tullo Ospina Palmira El Mira. • t ,. Z. :. X. Snecies. X. ;.:. X. .2ep. ~li,or. X. 13. Obonuco 14. Macagual 15. Nataima 16. El Arsenal 17 .ka Libertad. I.

(24) I I. -. -.. I. I I. I. I I. I I. •I. -. Intersectorial. (Education, Health, Agric ulture ... ). I -. • •I. •I • •I. 23. Sectorial. I. (leA, ¡NCORA, ¡NO ERENA •••• ). (Inve stigation, Rural Development, Agri.c ultural Production, C'attle Prod u cti.. on ••••• ). I. - .Jtio,al -. I. I. Research. I ¡. I. C ttle. Agric¡ulture Cotton Rice Ccreals Cacao. ...----. Support Di.sci.plines I. Poultry Dairy Cattle Sheep. Soils Phitopatol. -. -. Swine. ~ Plant breeding, Regior:al testes, Cuttivation practices, i :"iutrlt"ion J HandUflg,. Pub~ishing', Capocitatiotl •.•. " ...... L-_______________________. CHART 3.- Competence for Budget ResoL'roes.

(25) I I. -. 24 -. CHART 4.- Decision levels and resources asignation for research.-. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I. I ~~ Decision. .. lnter sectorial. Secta Research lCA rial Activities Program. Levels. I,. CONPES. 1. ,. I. .!I. DNP/DGP 2/ OPSA 3/. I. .. a) !::lati ona 1. ,. X. -X. X. X. X. X. X. X. X. X. X. b) In_stttutional. I. Management Cammittee. \. II I,. Vice Management Comm ttee. !. Program Directors. ,. X. :!/. Program Technicians. X X X. I¡. L_. Research Projects. I. 11. National Councíl of Economic and Social Politics. "'-1. National Plónning Department, Budget General Direction. '::J. ') I. Planning office of the Agriculture and Cattle Sector.. 4/. It refers to the National Directors of ICA Programs. ... ,, ~. [. -. - :. .. '.'.

(26) I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I. I. -. Proyecto 1. i. 25 -. ~'"'''''' ~ Hegionlll 2. Hegionnl 1. ('Oll:'H1U(!CI vión. -1. ; Pl"oyC(·tn 1. !. I Nacionn!. +. ¡. prOyeCl~. Proyecto 2. I Regional. 1. Regional. .+. 21. Consolidación. + .... +. Proyecto 2 Naciollul. +. Programa. Programa. Consolidación. Regional 1. Regional 2. + .... Programa Nacional del ICA. CHART 5.- National and Regional progr-ams and Projects.-. CUADHO. 5.. Programas) Proyectos Nacionales y Regionales. ". ". . ,'... ~.:. ...:.:(. :.::>. 0:.>. w. <'. n.. c'. O ..:. u: .. L'.)( ...:r: (" <:t'. t .. ,). l. t.:..J t. !--. C') _ .• J. ~;':! L.:J.

(27) - - - - -'. - - - - - - - - - _... -f-.----E. ..L::~~. _ .______..________.____. /\dvise Committcc of thc Rescarch Viceman3.g~tTlcnt.. -. A!=>f):-"oved plan re. the Region"-\ "1--. .----. ___. " __ 0. -. Multidisciplinary nal grDup execute. Natíonal coordinator o crops and/ or animals.-. Division Director. Program National Directors. L-____~p~~~oJ?ct.-. Nationa\ Management Committe<. fI). Nationa\ Research Plan.-. Ol. I. Center or Station. Research Regíona. Mu\tidisc\plinary Group. Director. {i. Director. lnvestigators lniciative. Research Projects .-. f---- - - - - - - - - - - - - ---. Asked for by the agricultures bnd cattle growers-. -. GRAPHIC 1.- Planning and Execution of Research Projects.-. I. Lider.-.

(28)