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www.unctad.org/statistics/handbook
Note
ii
Foreword
iii
Table of contents
iv
General notes viii
Distribution of countries and territories x
Distribution of developing countries/territories
by region xi
Distribution of developing countries/territories
by economic grouping
xii
Distribution of countries/territories by trade grouping
xiv
Abbreviations
xvii
PART ONE
International merchandise trade
1.1A
Value of exports and imports by region
and country
2
1.1B Value of exports and imports by economic
grouping
12
1.1C
Share of exports and imports by
region and economic grouping
14
1.2A
Annual average growth rates of exports and
imports by region and country
16
1.2B
Annual average growth rates of exports and
imports by economic grouping
24
1.3 Value of trade balance, and as percentage
of
imports
26
1.4
Intra-trade of regional and trade groups
34
PART TWO
Trade and commodity price indices
2.1A
Volume indices of exports
38
2.1B
Volume indices of imports
39
2.1C
Unit value indices of exports
40
2.1D
Unit value indices of imports
41
2.1E
Terms of trade indices
42
2.1F
Purchasing power indices of exports
43
2.2 Annual and quarterly indices of free-market prices
of selected primary commodities
44
www.unctad.org/statistics/handbook
Note
ii
Introduction iii
Table des matières iv
Notes générales xviii
Répartition des pays et territoires xxi
Répartition des pays/territoires en développement
par régions xxii
Répartition des pays/territoires en développement
par groupements économiques xxiii
Répartition des pays/territoires par groupements
commerciaux xxv
Abréviations xxviii
PREMIERE PARTIE
Commerce international des marchandises
1.1A
Valeur des exportations et des importations
par régions et par pays
2
1.1B
Valeur des exportations et des importations
par groupements économiques
12
1.1C Parts des régions et groupements économiques
dans les exportations et les importations 14
1.2A
Taux d'évolution annuels moyens des
exportations et des importations par régions
et par pays 16
1.2B
Taux d'évolution annuels moyens des
exportations et des importations par groupements
économiques
24
1.3 Valeur de la balance commerciale et
sa part dans les importations
26
1.4
Commerce interne des groupements régionaux
et commerciaux
34
DEUXIEME PARTIE
Indices du commerce et des prix des produits de base
2.1A
Indices du volume des exportations
38
2.1B
Indices du volume des importations
39
2.1C
Indices de la valeur unitaire des exportations
40
2.1D
Indices de la valeur unitaire des importations
41
2.1E
Indices des termes de l'échange
42
2.1F
Indices du pouvoir d'achat des exportations
43
2.2
Indices annuels et trimestriels des prix de certains
produits de base sur le marché libre 44
v
PART THREE
Structure of international trade by region
3.1A
Export structure by main regions of destination
52
3.1B
Import structure by main regions of origin
67
3.2.1
Export structure by destination and by major
commodity groups:
A.
World
82
B.
Developed economies
84
C.
South-East Europe and CIS 86
D. Developing economies
88
E.
Major petroleum exporters 90
F. Major exporters of manufactures
92
G.
Developing America
94
H.
Developing Africa
96
I.
Developing West Asia
98
J.
Other developing Asia
100
3.2.2
Import structure by origin and by major
commodity groups:
A.
World 102
B.
Developed economies
104
C.
South-East Europe and CIS 106
D. Developing economies
108
E.
Major petroleum exporters 110
F. Major exporters of manufactures
112
G.
Developing America
114
H.
Developing Africa
116
I.
Developing West Asia
118
J.
Other developing Asia
120
PART FOUR
Structure of international trade by product
4.1A
Export structure by main categories
124
4.1B
Import structure by main categories
136
4.2
Export structure at the SITC Revision 2 group
(3-digit) level (ranked by average 2002-2003
values):
A.
World
148
B.
Developed economies
152
C.
Developing economies
156
D.
Individual countries and territories
160
4.2E Major exporters for 70 leading products
among developing economies, at the SITC
Revision 2 group (3-digit) level (ranked by
average 2002-2003 values)
180
English/French Glossary of 3-digit Standard
International Trade Classification (SITC),
Revision 2 Groups
191
TROISIEME PARTIE
Structure du commerce international par régions
3.1A
Structure des exportations par principales régions
de destination
52
3.1B
Structure des importations par principales régions
d'origine
67
3.2.1
Structure des exportations par destination et par
principaux groupes de produits :
A.
Monde 82
B.
Economies développées 84
C.
Europe du Sud-Est et CEI 86
D.
Economies en développement 88
E. Principaux exportateurs de pétrole
90
F.
Principaux exportateurs d'articles manufacturés 92
G.
Amérique en développement
94
H.
Afrique en développement
96
I.
Asie occidentale en développement
98
J.
Autres pays d'Asie en développement
100
3.2.2
Structure des importations par origine
et par principaux groupes de produits :
A.
Monde 102
B.
Economies développées 104
C.
Europe du Sud-Est et CEI 106
D.
Economies en développement 108
E. Principaux exportateurs de pétrole
110
F.
Principaux exportateurs d'articles manufacturés 112
G.
Amérique en développement
114
H.
Afrique en développement
116
I.
Asie occidentale en développement
118
J.
Autres pays d'Asie en développement
120
QUATRIEME PARTIE
Structure du commerce international par produits
4.1A Structure des exportations par principales
catégories
124
4.1B
Structure des importations par principales
catégories
136
4.2
Structure des exportations au niveau des groupes
(position à trois chiffres) de la CTCI révision 2
(classées d'après la moyenne des valeurs
de 2002-2003) :
A.
Monde
148
B.
Economies développées
152
C.
Economies en développement
156
D.
Pays et territoires individuels
160
4.2E Principaux exportateurs de 70 produits
majeurs parmi les économies en développement,
au niveau des groupes (position à trois chiffres)
de la CTCI révision 2 (classés d'après la
moyenne des valeurs de 2002-2003)
180
Glossaire anglais/français de la Classification
type pour le commerce international (CTCI),
révision 2, au niveau des groupes (position
à
trois
chiffres)
191
vi
PART FIVE
International trade in services
5.1
Value of exports and imports of services by
region and country
200
5.2A Leading exporters of services among developing
economies by main category of services (ranked
by 2003 values) 209
5.2B Leading importers of services among developing
economies by main category of services (ranked
by 2003 values) 214
5.3 Selected indicators of tourism 220
PART SIX
International finance
6.1A Balance of payments: current account
summaries
242
6.1B Balance of payments: capital and financial
account summaries 257
6.2 Foreign direct investment: inward and
outward flows 272
6.3 Workers’ remittances
282
A. Receipts
B. Payments
6.4 International reserves of developing economies 286
6.5 Official financial flows from bilateral and
multilateral sources to developing economies 293
6.6
External long-term debt of developing economies
by source of lending
A.
Developing economies
308
B.
Major petroleum exporters
309
C.
Other developing economies
310
D.
Major exporters of manufactures
311
E.
Remaining countries
312
PART SEVEN
Indicators of development
7.1
Population, area, density and total and per capita
gross domestic product
316
7.2 Annual average growth rates of total and per
capita real gross domestic product at market 324
7.3 Gross domestic product by type of expenditure
and by kind of economic activity
335
7.4
Selected indicators of development: population,
health and environment 356
7.5
Selected indicators of development:
education, employment, gender equality
and migration 366
7.6
Information and communication technology
indicators by country 376
CINQIUEME PARTIE
Commerce international des services
5.1 Valeur des exportations et des importations
de services par régions et par pays 200
5.2A Principaux exportateurs de services parmi
les économies en développement par catégories
de services (classés d'après les valeurs de
2003) 209
5.2B Principaux importateurs de services parmi
les économies en développement par catégories
de services (classés d'après les valeurs de
2003) 214
5.3 Sélection d'indicateurs du tourisme 220
SIXIEME PARTIE
Flux financiers internationaux
6.1A Balance des paiements : sommaires des
comptes des transactions courantes
242
6.1B Balance des paiements : sommaires des
comptes de capital et d'opérations financières 257
6.2
Investissement direct étranger :
flux entrants et sortants 272
6.3 Envois de fonds des travailleurs 282
A. Recettes
B. Paiements
6.4 Réserves internationales des économies
en développement
286
6.5
Flux financiers publics bilatéraux et
multilatéraux à destination des économies
en développement
293
6.6
Dette extérieure à long terme des économies
en développement par catégories de prêt
A.
Economies en développement
308
B.
Principaux exportateurs de pétrole
309
C.
Autres économies en développement
310
D.
Principaux exportateurs d'articles manufacturés 311
E. Autres pays
312
SEPTIEME PARTIE
Indicateurs du développement
7.1
Population, superficie, densité et produit
intérieur brut, total et par habitant
316
7.2 Taux d'évolution annuels moyens du
produit intérieur brut réel total et par habitant 324
7.3
Produit intérieur brut par catégories de dépense
et par branches d'activité économique
335
7.4 Quelques indicateurs du développement :
population, santé et environnement
356
7.5 Quelques indicateurs du développement :
enseignement, emploi, égalité entre hommes
et femmes et migration 366
7.6 Indicateurs des technologies de l'information et
de la communication par pays
376
vii
PART EIGHT
Special studies
8.1
Tentative terms of trade estimates for
developing economies
386
8.2A Export concentration and diversification
indices by region and country 405
8.2B Import concentration and diversification
indices by region and country 409
8.3A Export concentration and structural change
indices by product 414
8.3B Import concentration and structural change
indices by product 418
8.4 Average applied import MFN tariff rates on
non-agricultural and non-fuel products 423
8.5 Instability indices and trends in free-market
prices for selected primary commodities 439
8.6 World merchant fleet by flag of registration
and type of ship 441
HUITIEME PARTIE
Etudes spéciales
8.1 Estimations approximatives des termes de
l'échange pour les économies en
développement 386
8.2A Indices de concentration et de diversification
des exportations par régions et par pays 405
8.2B Indices de concentration et de diversification
des importations par régions et par pays 409
8.3A Indices de concentration et de changement
structurel des exportations par produits 414
8.3B Indices de concentration et de changement
structurel des importations par produits 418
8.4 Droits de douane moyens NPF appliqués à
l'importation des produits non-agricoles et
non-pétroliers 423
8.5 Indices d'instabilité et tendances des prix sur le
marché libre d'une sélection de produits de base 439
8.6 Flotte marchande mondiale par pavillons
d'immatriculation et par types de navires 441
viii
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DISTRIBUTION OF COUNTRIES AND TERRITORIES
The country distributions presented on the following pages have
been adopted for statistical convenience only and follow those
used by the Statistics Division, Department of Economic and Social
Affairs (DESA) of the United Nations.
The term “economies”, as used in this publication, covers regions,
countries and territories.
As compared with the distribution of countries and territories
shown in 2004 issue of the
Handbook,
two changes have been
introduced. COMESA trade grouping membership has decreased
to 19 countries following the withdrawal of Namibia. Also, the HIPC
group now includes 38 countries, instead of 42, as presented in the
report
HIPC Initiative - Statistical Update
of April 2005 (World Bank
and IMF).
THREE MAIN GROUPS OF COUNTRIES / TERRITORIES
Developing economies:
All other countries and territories in Africa, America, Asia and Oceania
not specifi ed above. For developing economies, the main regions
have been further subdivided into subregions to provide additional
information. The exact composition of each region is shown on the
following pages. Possible exceptions to this classifi cation in some
of the
Handbook
Handbook
Handbook
tables are specifi ed in footnotes.
tables are specifi ed in footnotes.
A number of economic classifi cations have been used in the
UNCTAD Handbook of Statistics
in order to refl ect more accurately
UNCTAD Handbook of Statistics
in order to refl ect more accurately
UNCTAD Handbook of Statistics
differences among developing countries and territories, and thus to
facilitate the analysis of socio-economic data. These classifi cations
distinguish, in the fi rst instance, between the major
petroleum-exporting countries and other developing economies. The latter
are in turn subdivided into two categories: (a) major exporters of
manufactures, and (b) remaining economies distributed by major
geographical regions.
The group “Major petroleum exporters” consists of all 11 OPEC
member countries. In addition, 10 non-OPEC countries are included
on the basis of the following criteria: the share of petroleum and
petroleum products was not less than 50 per cent of their total
exports, and exports of those products amounted to at least US$
1.5 billion on average in the period 1999-2001.
The group “Major exporters of manufactures” consists of 12
economies included on the basis of the following criteria: the share
of manufactured products was not less than 50 per cent of total
exports, and exports of those products amounted to at least US$
20 billion on average in the period 1999-2001.
In addition, all developing economies have been classifi ed,
according to their per capita GDP in 2000, into three groupings:
high-income, middle-income and low-income countries.
For further reference, the groups of “Least developed countries”
(LDCs), “Heavily indebted poor countries” (HIPCs) and “Landlocked
countries” are shown as memo items. Certain tables present the
grouping “Developing economies excluding China”, where the
exclusion refers to mainland China only. “Sub-Saharan Africa”
(South Africa included) forms another memo item.
Trade groupings (e.g. ASEAN, EU, LAIA) are included in certain
tables, which makes it possible to include groups that cut across
regions, such as APEC.
All groups are presented on the basis of the latest information
available in May 2005.
Developed economies:
In Europe:
European Union:
Austria
Belgium
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Northern Ireland
Other developed Europe:
Andorra
Channel Island
Faeroe Islands
Gibraltar
Holy See
Iceland
Isle of Man
Liechtenstein
Monaco
Norway
San Marino
Switzerland
In America:
Canada and the United States of America
In Asia:
Israel and Japan
In Oceania:
Australia and New Zealand
South-East Europe and Commonwealth of Independent
States (CIS):
South-East Europe:
Albania
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Croatia
Romania
Serbia and Montenegro
The former Yugoslav Republic
of Macedonia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Republic of Moldova
Russian Federation
Tajikistan
xii
DISTRIBUTION OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES / TERRITORIES BY ECONOMIC GROUPING
A. DISTRIBUTION OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES / TERRITORIES BY MAJOR CATEGORY
Algeria*
Angola
Bahrain
Brunei Darussalam
Congo
Gabon
Indonesia*
Iran, Islamic Republic of*
Iraq*
Kuwait*
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya*
Netherlands Antilles
Nigeria*
Oman
Qatar*
Saudi Arabia*
Syrian Arab Republic
Trinidad and Tobago
United Arab Emirates*
Venezuela*
Yemen
* OPEC member country.
Brazil
China
China, Hong Kong SAR
China, Taiwan Province of
India
Korea, Republic of
Malaysia
Mexico
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Turkey
Remaining countries and territories 132
All other developing countries and territories not listed among Major petroleum exporters or Major exporters of manufactures.
B. DISTRIBUTION OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES / TERRITORIES BY INCOME GROUP
2000 per capita current GDP above US$ 4,500: High income 50
American Samoa
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Aruba
Bahamas
Bahrain
Barbados
Bermuda
British Virgin Islands
Brunei Darussalam
Cayman Islands
Chile
China, Hong Kong SAR
China, Macao SAR
China, Taiwan Province of
Falkland Islands (Malvinas)
French Guiana
French Polynesia
Greenland
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guam
Korea, Republic of
Kuwait
Lebanon
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
Martinique
Mexico
Montserrat
Netherlands Antilles
New Caledonia
Northern Mariana Islands
Oman
Palau
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Reunion
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Saudi Arabia
Seychelles
Singapore
Trinidad and Tobago
Turks and Caicos Islands
United Arab Emirates
United States Virgin Islands
Uruguay
Venezuela
Major exporters of manufactures 12
2000 per capita current GDP between US$ 1000 and US$ 4,500: Middle income 50
Algeria
Belize
Bolivia
Botswana
Brazil
Cape Verde
Colombia
Cook Islands
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea
Fiji
Gabon
Guatemala
Iran, Islamic Republic of
Jamaica
Jordan
Malaysia
Maldives
Marshall Islands
Mauritius
Micronesia, Federated States of
Morocco
Namibia
Nauru
Niue
Palestinian territory
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Saint Helena
Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines
Samoa
South Africa
Suriname
Swaziland
Syrian Arab Republic
Thailand
Tokelau
Tonga
Tunisia
Turkey
Tuvalu
Vanuatu
Wallis and Futuna Islands
2000 per capita current GDP below US$ 1000: Low income 65
Afghanistan
Angola
Bangladesh
Benin
Bhutan
Burkinaa Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Central African Republic
Chad
China
Comoros
Congo
Côte d’Ivoire
Democratic Republic of the
Congo
Djibouti
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
India
Indonesia
Iraq
Kenya
Kiribati
Korea, Democratic People’s
Republic of
Lao People’s Democratic
Republic
Lesotho
Liberia
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mongolia
Mozambique
Myanmar
Nepal
Nicaragua
Niger
Nigeria
Pakistan
Papua New Guinea
Philippines
Rwanda
Sao Tome and Principe
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Solomon Islands
Somalia
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Timor-Leste
Togo
Uganda
United Republic of Tanzania
Viet Nam
xiii
DISTRIBUTION OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES / TERRITORIES BY ECONOMIC GROUPING
C. OTHER GROUPINGS (MEMO ITEMS)
Least developed countries (LDCs) 50, with respective years of inclusion in the grouping
Afghanistan
1971
Angola
1994
Bangladesh
1975
Benin
1971
Bhutan
1971
Burkina Faso
1971
Burundi
1971
Cambodia
1991
Cape Verde
1977
Central African Republic 1975
Chad
1971
Comoros
1977
Democratic Republic
of the Congo
1991
Djibouti
1982
Equatorial Guinea
1982
Eritrea
1994
Ethiopia
1971
Gambia
1975
Guinea
1971
Guinea-Bissau
1981
Haiti
1971
Kiribati
1986
Lao People’s Democratic
Republic
1971
Lesotho
1971
Liberia
1990
Madagascar
1991
Malawi
1971
Maldives
1971
Mali
1971
Mauritania
1986
Mozambique
1988
Myanmar
1987
Nepal
1971
Niger
1971
Rwanda
1971
Samoa
1971
Sao Tome and Principe 1982
Senegal
2001
Sierra Leone
1982
Solomon Islands
1991
Somalia
1971
Sudan
1971
Timor-Leste
2003
Togo
1982
Tuvalu
1986
Uganda
1971
United Republic
of Tanzania
1971
Vanuatu
1985
Yemen
1971
Zambia
1991
Afghanistan
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bhutan
Bolivia
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Central African Republic
Chad
Ethiopia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Lao People’s Democratic
Republic
Lesotho
Malawi
Mali
Mongolia
Nepal
Niger
Paraguay
Republic of Moldova*
Rwanda
Swaziland
Tajikistan
The former Yugoslav Republic of
Macedonia*
Turkmenistan
Uganda
Uzbekistan
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Benin
Bolivia
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Central African Republic
Chad
Comoros
Congo
Côte d’Ivoire
Democratic Republic of the
Congo
Ethiopia
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
Honduras
Lao People’s Democratic
Republic
Liberia
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mozambique
Myanmar
Nicaragua
Niger
Rwanda
Sao Tome and Principe
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Somalia
Sudan
Togo
Uganda
United Republic of Tanzania
Zambia
Landlocked countries 31
Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPCs) 38
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