Public goods for scientific data policies in Latin America.
Latin America and the Caribbean Scientific Data Management Workshop. 17-18 April 2018.
Amaro De Melo, Bianca; Azrilevich, Paola; Cabezas, Alberto; Muñoz Palma, Patricia; Nakano, Silvia http://www.lareferencia.info/joomla/es/recursos/ciencia-abierta-documentos-externos/73-la-
referencia-public-goods-for-scientific-data-policies-in-latin-america-pdf-en/file
Contents
• LA Referencia
• Technology and Guidelines
• Data Policies
• Note: This presentation and document is partially based on a concept paper by LA Referencia called “Políticas para la Ciencia Abierta y los Datos Científicos en América Latina”. Feb. 2018.
• http://www.lareferencia.info/joomla/es/recursos/ciencia-abierta-documentos-
externos/72-la-referencia-politicas-para-la-ciencia-abierta-y-los-datos-cientificos-en- america-latina-pdf-es/file
LA Referencia
• Mission:
To give visibility to the publicly funded scientific production in Latin America, through the cooperation and articulation of a federated network of institutional repositories, based on regional agreements and national open access strategies.
Associates
MINCYT - Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva.
Argentina
Ibict - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em
Ciência e Tecnologia.
Brasil
Colciencias - Ministerio de Educación, Renata.
Colombia
CONICYT - Comisión
Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica.
Chile
SENESCYT - Secretaria de Educación Superior, Ciencia y Tecnología.
Ecuador
Ministerio de Educación Viceministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología. El Salvador
CONACYT - Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología. México
CONCYTEC - Consejo Nacional de Ciencia,
Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica
CONARE - Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y
Telecomunicaciones.
Costa Rica
RedCLARA - Cooperación
Latinoamericana de Redes Avanzadas
2010-2013 Milestones
• Project Funded by IDB / 2010 - 2013.
Regional Public Good.
• Consensus strategy; political and interoperability agreements; Pilot projects.
• Agreement of cooperation between high authorities of Science, Technology and
Innovation of Latin America, Buenos Aires, November 29, 2012.
Free access, full-text and value-added services.
National strategies based on a country-node and open to new partners.
Endorsement of the Berlin Open Access Declaration.
Beneficiaries of public funds publish their results in accordance to the principles of open access.
Service
Free access, full-text and value-added services.
National strategies based on a country-node and open to new partners.
Endorsement of the Berlin Open Access Declaration.
Beneficiaries of public funds publish their results in accordance to the principles of open access.
AGREEMENTS GUIDELINES TECHNOLOGY
Interoperability Regional
Alliances Projects
OpenAIRE
LR Application Profile Information quality
Scientific Data Guidelines
Training
Harvesters Transfer
Pilots
Developments Community
2014-2016
• Sustainability / membership fees since the end of 2013.
• Consolidation of Board of Directors and Technical Groups.
• From pilot to service platform. From 3 countries with
harvests to the entire network. From 320 thousand records to 1.43 million.
• Quality criteria, generation of projects and definition of priorities.
• From definition of metadata guidelines to the implementation at national nodes.
Technology and Guidelines
Transfer
New 3.2 version
Reporting errors for IRs.
Simplified Administration.
LR version is the same as nodes.
It supports current and future guidelines.
End of Transfer first half 2018, Potential data harvester.
Beta
Projects
• OpenAIRE 2020. Project 2015 – 2017 WP:
Lead by COAR.
• "... strengthen the relationship of OA's
European infrastructures with other regions of the world, in particular with Latin America and the US“
• “... specific pilots will be carried out with CLARA /LA Referencia in Latin America to allow a model and services similar to
OpenAIRE“
• “Given the international and collaborative
nature of research, these networks must be connected and aligned around issues such as policies, technologies and services ... “
Roadmap 2016: Common Guidelines
Challenges
• New Project OpenAIRE Advance 2018-2021
• Common statistics
• Notifications (broker)
• V. 3.0 to 4.0
• Data harvester
Data Policies
• LA Referencia (LR) council meeting in September 2016.Decision to initiate actions on Open Science: Specifically recommendation in guidelines for Data Repositories.
• Decision of the council in October 2017. Definition of a policy framework.
• Document: “Políticas para la Ciencia Abierta y los Datos Científicos en América Latina”. Feb. 2018.
• http://www.lareferencia.info/joomla/es/recursos/ciencia-abierta-documentos-
externos/72-la-referencia-politicas-para-la-ciencia-abierta-y-los-datos-cientificos-en- america-latina-pdf-es/file
Open Science and Public Goods
• Organizations are encouraging this transition, with a vision of Public Goods. It is a mean, not an end.
• In addition to LR existing Open Access efforts in publications, is promoting open scientific data with the generation of public goods. Examples:
– Guidelines / Standards – Governance models
– Open code / Transferable / Interoperable – Infrastructure
– Funding and results of R&D
Making Open Science a Reality.
OECD, 15 Oct 2015
https://www.innovationpolicyplatform.or g/content/open-science
Regional Model
• Culture of scientific production in Latin America is non-commercial with Open Access (OA) tradition.
• Unlike the rest of the world, the funds for R & D continues to come mainly from the State: either directly or indirectly.
• Part of the members of LA Referencia control various aspects of the value chain.
• Asymmetry inside each country and among LR members. It is important international collaboration and policies that avoids duplication of efforts.
Legislation and Policy
• Differentiate scientific open data from government open data.
• Open Science covers many areas (citizen science, open peer review, new metrics, among others). LR focus is scientific data, based on the experience in OA (federated model).
• OA legislations (Perú, Argentina 2013; México 2014), include data.
• Chile - CONICYT, best practices of management and access.
• Brazil – Ibict launched a Manifesto for open data in 2017.
• Nevertheless…data repositories are incipient in the region.
Priorities and Focus
• Scientific data that sustains and validates the publications (linking…).
• Data collected or generated with public funds.
• The research results based on Data Management Plans (DMP) that are part of the research proposals.
• Tools to interpret the data (if relevant…).
Guidelines and Licenses
• Some disciplines have specific metadata recommendations.
• For multidisciplinary repositories LA Referencia recommends Datacite V. 4.1
• 2018 – 2019 efforts of LR to align internationally and promote harmonization and/or synergies among OpenAIRE and Datacite.
• Creative Commons is “de facto” standard in Latin America.
• Decision at the researcher or institutional level.
• Suggestion: CC BY or CC BY NC SA
Technology
• Some institutions prefer centralized services, local based, in the cloud, SaS, etc. Some prefer in the national territory.
• LR approach is:
– Interoperability.
– Open source and transferable to facilitate a developer community, innovation, and to avoid “lock in” and “single point of failure”.
– “Place” of installation according to the country preference.
– Affordable with proved technologies.
– Standard protocols (eg. OAI-PMH).
F.A.I.R.
• Cultural change and new incentives are necessary.
• Asymmetry requires setting priorities and work at international level: Open Science is global.
• FAIR are a rational approach: findable, accessible, interoperable and re-usable.
• Policies aligned with FAIR: Metadata Guidelines, use of standard and open protocols, model based on open access policies, licenses recommendations.
• Interconnected national nodes that collects metadata to give visibility to data, among other goals.
Conclusions
• Federation of national nodes under common policy, technology and guideline agreements.
• Open and transferable technologies, non-commercial approach.
• Public goods that facilitate the construction
• International connection with similar initiatives
• Some concrete actions and recommendations oriented to follow F.A.I.R principles.
• Economies of scope and scale have been generated in the region.
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