• No se han encontrado resultados

La narración como encuentro con el Otro en El Hablador de Mario Vargas LLosa

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2020

Share "La narración como encuentro con el Otro en El Hablador de Mario Vargas LLosa"

Copied!
12
0
0

Texto completo

(1)

92

!

"#$"%%"&'($#&)*)#+$&,+$-%)#&)$#+!#

)

-%)#+$#

!

"#$%&"%'()

#

.+#

*

"%')#

/

"%0"1#

!

!)1"

#

"#$!%&''&()*$!&+!&,!-,./0,($'!1)(#!(#$!2(#$'!),!

!"#$%&"%'()

!

34!5&')/!6&'7&+!89/+&!

:"-;<%2!=>?@%282! ?%A6->:A"B!C-@8A!:"?CA!CA!DA:<!

8<?><!8?EF-!!

?%A6->:A"B!C-@8A!:"?CA!CA!:<::<>A! 90.#$G0,)++H)(!

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

7898:;83#<98=23>#<9($')O&OV!W)..)N,V!,&''&.)N,V!.09(0'&!),OQ7$,&V!.09(0'&!/..)O$,(&9V! )O$,()O&OV!),($7'&.)N,V!#/L/9/7&.)N,H#

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

@2ABC;D3I! 2(#$',$++V! W).()/,V! ),O)7$,/0+! .09(0'$V! X$+($',! .09(0'$V! )O$,()(4V!

),($7'&()/,V!#/L/9/7&()/,#

Z <0,M0$! $9! &'(Q.09/! +$! #&! J$,+&O/! O$! L&,$'&! 0,)(&')&V! O$9! &J&'(&O/! A! $+! &0(/'&! 8&0'&! 80.#$! 4! O$9

(2)

93

'#

8&! ,/*$9&!!"# $%&"%'()! O$! 5&')/! 6&'7&+! 89/+&! J'$+$,(&! 9&! '$9&.)N,! $,('$! 0,&! .09(0'&! /..)O$,(&9! 4! 9&! .09(0'&! O$! 0,&! (')30! O$9! <L&[/,&+V! 9&! O$! 9/+! L&.#)70$,7&+V! .04&! $K)+($,.)&!+$!*$!&L$,&[&O&!J/'!0,&!L/O$',)[&.)N,!W/'[&O&!4!&!L$,0O/!./,('&O).(/')&V! ./LJ0$+(&!O$!.09(0'&!),O0+(')&9!4!($.,/9/7Q&!L/O$',&V!J$'/!(&L3)R,!O$!$KJ9/(&.)N,V! O$!,&'./('SW)./V!O$!($''/')+L/!4!O$!*)/9$,.)&I!

-+&+! &9O$&+! \]^! +$! #&3'S,! *)+(/! $KJ0$+(&+! &9! )''$+)+()39$! L$.&,)+L/! J$'(0'3&O/'! O$! $+&! .)*)9)[&.)N,! ./,('&O).(/')&V! '$J'$+$,(&O&! J/'! 9/+! 30$,/+!+&9&')/+!O$!9&!:#$99!4!O$!D$('/!D$'UV!9&+!&'.&+!99$,&+!O$!ON9&'$+! O$9!('SW)./!O$!9&!./.&!4!9/+!')$+7/+!O$!*$'+$!&('&J&O/+!$,!9&+!.&',).$'Q&+! O$!9&!70$''&!O$!('&W).&,($+V!70$'')99$'/+V!J/9).Q&+!4!+/9O&O/+V!+),!$,($,O$'! 0,&!J&9&3'&!O$!9/!M0$!$+(S!$,!T0$7/!_6&'7&+!89/+&V!`abcI!ddaeH!#

!

8/+! L&.#)70$,7&+! +/,! 0,&! (')30! O)+J$'+&! $,! J$M0$f&+! 0,)O&O$+! O$! 0,&! /! O/+! W&L)9)&+!M0$!./,O0.$,!0,&!*)O&!,NL&O&!J/'M0$V!./L/!,&''&!+0!./+L/7/,Q&V!+)!O$T&'&,! O$! &,O&'! $9! +/9! .&$'Q&V! J$'/! (&L3)R,! 4! +/3'$! (/O/! J/'M0$! $9! &*&,.$! O$! 9&! 99&L&O&! .)*)9)[&[)N,!9$+!$LJ0T&!&!'$W07)&'+$!$,![/,&+!.&O&!*$[!LS+!'$L/(&+!O$!9&!+$9*&H!!

-9! ($K(/! L0$+('&! $+(&! '$9&.)N,! O$+O$! O/+! J$'+J$.()*&+! /J0$+(&+H! D&'&! 0,&! $9! J'/.$+/! O$! &.09(0'&.)N,! O$! 9&! (')30! $+! ),$*)(&39$g! J&'&! 9&! /('&V! &9! ./,('&')/V! $+! ),O)+J$,+&39$! /J/,$'+$! 4! J'$+$'*&'! 9&! J$.09)&')O&O! .09(0'&9! O$! 9/+! L&.#)70$,7&+V! $*)(&,O/! .0&9M0)$'! ./,(&.(/! ./,! $9! L0,O/! .)*)9)[&O/H! -+(&+! J$'+J$.()*&+! $+(S,! '$J'$+$,(&O&+!J/'!O/+!W)70'&+I!9&!J')L$'&V!J/'!$9!J$'+/,&T$!O$!0,!,&''&O/'!&,N,)L/! M0$!+$!J'$+$,(&!./L/!0,!$+.')(/'!J$'0&,/!4!+$!./,W)70'&!.9&'&L$,($!./L/!$9!%"-+)#+/(#

O$9! &0(/'V! 9&! +$70,O&V! J/'! $9! J$'+/,&T$! O$! :&U9! h0'&(&+V! 0,! &,()70/! ./LJ&f$'/! O$! 0,)*$'+)O&O! O$9! ,&''&O/'V! J$'0&,/! O$! /'Q7$,$+! T0OQ/+V! L&'.&O/! J/'! 0,! 90,&'! M0$! 9$! /.0J&!LS+!O$!9&!L)(&O!O$9!'/+('/H!!

(3)

94

O$L0$+('&! 0,! .'$.)$,($! ),($'R+! J/'! 9/+! L&.#)70$,7&+H! 8/+! .&JQ(09/+! )LJ&'$+V! +),! $L3&'7/V!+$!O$+&''/99&,!$,!9&!+$9*&!4!./,+)+($,!$,!9&+!,&''&.)/,$+!M0$!0,!J$'+/,&T$V!$9! #&39&O/'V! .0$,(&! &! 9/+! O)+(),(/+! 7'0J/+! O$! L&.#)70$,7&+V! O$! 9/+! .0&9$+V! $*)O$,($L$,($V!./LJ&'($!9&!&'.&).&!*)+)N,!O$9!L0,O/H!!

<9!W),&9!O$!9&!,/*$9&!+$!O$+.03')'S!M0$!$9!#&39&O/'!$+!$9!&L)7/!O$9!M0$!$9!,&''&O/'! &,N,)L/!J$'O)N!$9!'&+('/!$,!9/+!&f/+!.),.0$,(&V!:&U9!h0'&(&+V!M0$!9/!&3&,O/,N!(/O/!4! +$!+0L$'7)N!$,!9&!*)O&!O$!9&!(')30V!&9!J0,(/!O$!./,*$'()'+$!$,!0,!$9$L$,(/!W0,O&L$,(&9! J&'&!9&!.09(0'&!L&.#)70$,7&V!0,!#&39&O/'H!:$!('&(&!O$!0,&!W)70'&!M0$V!&!('&*R+!O$!9&! ,&''&.)N,V! J'/J/'.)/,&! &! 9/+! O)+(),(/+! 7'0J/+! O$! L&.#)70$,7&+! ,/().)&+! O$! 9/+! /('/+V! L&,()$,$! *)*/+! +0+! L)(/+V! .0$,(&! 9/+! +0.$+/+V! 9&+! ('&O).)/,$+! 4! 9/+! J$'+/,&T$+! O$9! J&+&O/H!!

8&!,/*$9&!+$!&3'$!./,!0,!3'$*$!J'N9/7/!&L3)$,(&O/!$,!;9/'$,.)&V!.)0O&O!+QL3/9/! O$!9&!.09(0'&!/..)O$,(&9!4!#0L&,)+(&V!&!9&!M0$!$9!,&''&O/'!O).$!M0$!#&!)O/!J&'&!i9$$'!&! C&,($!4!5&.#)&*$99)!4!*$'!J),(0'&!'$,&.$,()+(&j!_6&'7&+!89/+&V!`abcI!ceH!:$!O)+('&$!O$! $+($!J'/JN+)(/!.0&,O/!+$!(/J&!./,!0,&!$KJ/+).)N,!W/(/7'SW).&!+/3'$!9/+!L&.#)70$,7&+! 4!+/3'$!(/O/!./,!0,&!)L&7$,!M0$!'$J'$+$,(&!&!0,&!./L0,)O&O!O$!),O)/+!M0$!$+.0.#&! ./,!7'&,!&($,.)N,!&!0,!#/L3'$I!!

<M0$99&! ./L0,)O&O! O$! #/L3'$+! 4! L0T$'$+! +$,(&O/+! $,! .Q'.09/! \HHH^! $+(&3&! #)J,N().&L$,($! ./,.$,('&O&H! :0! ),L/*)9)O&O! $'&! &3+/90(&H! "/O&+! 9&+! .&'&+! +$! /')$,(&3&,V!./L/!9/+!'&O)/+!O$!0,&!.)'.0,W$'$,.)&V!#&.)&!$9!J0,(/!.$,('&9V!0,&! +)90$(&! L&+.09),&! M0$V! O$! J)$! $,! $9! ./'&[N,! O$! 9&! '/,O&! O$! L&.#)70$,7&+! )L&,(&O/+!J/'!$99&V!#&39&3&V!L/*)$,O/!9/+!3'&[/+!_6&'7&+!89/+&V!`abcI!aP`keH!

!

8&!'$&..)N,!O$9!,&''&O/'!&,($!$+(&!W/(/7'&WQ&!J/,$!$,!L&'.#&!$9!L$.&,)+L/!O$!9&! ,&''&.)N,! M0$! 7)'&! &9'$O$O/'! O$! $+(&! $+.$,&V! M0$! $*)O$,($L$,($! 9$! +0+.)(&! +$,()L)$,(/+!J'/W0,O/+H!-9!,&''&O/'!+$!O$.9&'&!+$70'/!O$!M0$!9&!+)90$(&!L&+.09),&!$+!9&! O$!0,!#&39&O/'V!0,!J$'+/,&T$!M0$!+)$LJ'$!9$!#&!W&+.),&O/!4!$+(S!&!9&!3&+$!O$!+0!),($'R+! J/'!9/+!L&.#)70$,7&+I!!

(4)

95 &970,&+! &9$7'Q&+! \]^! L$! ./,L/*)N! $K('&/'O),&')&L$,($! _6&'7&+! 89/+&V! `abcI! adPaleH!!

!

5S+!&99S!O$!$+(&!W&+.),&.)N,V!$9!,&''&O/'!&,N,)L/!J&'$.$!#&.$'+$!J/'(&*/[!O$!9&+! '&[/,$+! O$9! '$&9)+L/! #)+(N')./PJ/9Q()./V! ,/! J/'! .&+0&9)O&O! $*/.&! O$+O$! $9! J'),.)J)/! 9&! W)70'&! O$! 5&.#)&*$99)H! C$! #$.#/V! &W)'L&! 9&! )LJ/+)3)9)O&O! J&'&! 9/+! L&.#)70$,7&+! O$! +0+('&$'+$! &9! J'/.$+/! O$! L/O$',)[&.)N,! 4! /..)O$,(&9)[&.)N,V! M0$! 9$! J&'$.$! ),.90+/! O$+$&39$I!!

mn0R!)90+)N,!$'&!&M0$99&!O$!M0$'$'!J'$+$'*&'!&!$+(&+!(')30+!(&9!./L/!$'&,V!(&9! ./L/!*)*Q&,o!-,!J')L$'!907&'V!,/!$'&!J/+)39$H!?,&+!LS+!9$,(&L$,($V!/('&+!LS+! O$! J')+&V! (/O&+! $+(&3&,! ./,(&L),S,O/+$! O$! ),W90$,.)&+! /..)O$,(&9$+! 4! L$+()[&+H!pV!&O$LS+V!m$'&!O$+$&39$!&M0$99&!M0)LR').&!J'$+$'*&.)N,o!mC$!M0R! 9$+!+$'*)'Q&!&!9&+!(')30+!+$70)'!*)*)$,O/!./L/!9/!#&.Q&,!4!./L/!9/+!&,('/JN9/7/+! J0')+(&+! ()J/! :&U9! M0$'Q&,! M0$! +)70)$'&,! *)*)$,O/o! :0! J')L)()*)+L/! 9&+! #&.Q&! *Q.()L&+V! LS+! 3)$,V! O$! 9/+! J$/'$+! O$+J/T/+! 4! .'0$9O&O$+! _6&'7&+! 89/+&V! `abcI! cdeH!!

!

-,! W),V! $9! ,&''&O/'! J'/J/,$! 9&+! L)+L&+! J/+).)/,$+! M0$! $9! &0(/'! 5&')/! 6&'7&+! 89/+&! #&! L&,)W$+(&O/! $,! O)+(),(&+! /.&+)/,$+! 4! $,! J&'().09&'! $,! +0! $,+&4/!0%# 1-(23%#

%)4%54%V!O/,O$!+$!$KJ'$+&!$,!(R'L),/+!L04!.'Q()./+!./,!'$+J$.(/!&!9/+!),O)7$,)+(&+!4!&9!

),O)7$,)+L/!M0$!O$W),$!./L/!0,&!iW)..)N,!#)+(N')./PJ/9Q().&j!_6&'7&+!89/+&V!`aaqI!`qbeH! :&U9V!J/'!$9!./,('&')/V!./,!+0+!J'$($,+)/,$+!O$!'$+)+($,.)&!&!09('&,[&V!./,!&M0R99&!M0$! $,!$9!($K(/!+$!O$W),$V!J'$.)+&L$,($V!i+0!0(/JQ&!&'.&).&!4!&,()#)+(N').&j!_6&'7&+!89/+&V! `abcI!cceV!J&'$.$!T0+(/!$,.&',&'!9&!W)70'&!O$9!),O)7$,)+(&!'/LS,()./!$!)O$&9)+(&V!./L$!9$! '$.0$'O&!$9!,&''&O/'I!i-'$+!0,!),O)7$,)+(&!.0&O').09&O/!\HHH^H!%)!LS+!,)!L$,/+!M0$!9/+! O$!9/+!&f/+!('$),(&j!_6&'7&+!89/+&V!`abcI!aceH!

(5)

96

./LJ&'($! 9&+! J/+).)/,$+! J/9Q().&+! O$! +0! J$'+/,&T$V! +$! '$./,/.$! $,! R9! $,! .0&,(/! #&39&O/'!M0$!),($,(&!+&9*&'!0,&!.09(0'&!W0,O&L$,(&9L$,($!$,!$9!J9&,/!,&''&()*/V!$,! .0&,(/!W&309&O/'!M0$V!&!('&*R+!O$!+0+!#)+(/')&+V!99$7&!&!+$'!$9!&9L&!O$!0,!J0$39/H!<+QV! .0&,O/! 9$! .0$,(&,! M0$! :&U9V! $,! .&9)O&O! O$! #&39&O/'V! $,! 0,&! /.&+)N,! #&39N! O0'&,($! (/O&!0,&!,/.#$V!$9!,&''&O/'!+)$,($!i0,!$K('&f/!O/9/'!$,!9&+!L&,OQ309&+!4!$,!9&!9$,70&V! ./L/!+)!9&+!(0*)$'&!$K($,0&O&+!O$!(&,(/!0+&'9&+j!_6&'7&+!89/+&V!`abcI!`cceH!!

:&U9V! &! O)W$'$,.)&! O$! /('/+! J$'+/,&T$+! 9)($'&')/+! M0$! +$! '$9&.)/,&,! ./,! J/39&.)/,$+! &L&[N,).&+V! +$! ./,*)$'($! .&+)! L)9&7'/+&L$,($! $,! $9! 2('/V! +$! *0$9*$! 0,! L&.#)70$,7&H! -9! J'/(&7/,)+(&! O$!0(6# 2%6(6# 2+)'5'(6#O$! E&'J$,()$'V! J/'! $T$LJ9/V! ,/! $,./,('&'S!T&LS+!9&+!.9&*$+!O$!&..$+/!&9!L0,O/!O$!9&!+$9*&!4!&.&3&'S!OS,O/+$!.0$,(&! O$! #&3$'! +)O/! +)$LJ'$! 0,! W/'&+($'/! J&'&! 9/+! #&3)(&,($+! O$! 9&! +$9*&I! i8&! *$'O&OV! 9&! &7/3)&O/'&!*$'O&O!\]^!$+!M0$!9&!7$,($!O$!$+&+!9$T&,Q&+!,0,.&!#&!.'$QO/!$,!LQH!;0)!0,! +$'!J'$+(&O/j!_E&'J$,()$'V!`abr!\`arl^I!ldbPldaeH!<9!J'/(&7/,)+(&!O$!78#95+:(#;1+#"+3%#

8(9+"%6#'+#%<()!O$!:$JU9*$O&V!9/+!),O)/+!:#0&'!9$!'$.0$'O&,!+)$LJ'$!M0$!i$'&!./L/!

(6)

97

J/O'Q&! #&3$'! ),+J)'&O/! $9! J$'+/,&T$! ;0+#Q&! O$!0%# 4%6%# 9+)'+V! 0,! ./,('&3&,O)+(&! O$! /')7$,!T&J/,R+!M0$!iJ$,$('&!&!+&,7'$!4!&!W0$7/!$,!0,&!'$7)/,!L04!#/+()9!t9&!O$!9/+! #0&L3)+&+t! ),+(&9&! +0! W$0O/! \]^V! /'7&,)[&! +0! 3&,O&! 4! &+&9(&! &! 9&+! (')30+! *$.),&+j! _2*)$O/V!`abdI!`uueH!!

:&U9!$+!$,!.&L3)/!0,!&,()Ps0'([V!0,!&,()P;0+#Q&I!9$T/+!O$!O/L),&'!4!$KJ9/(&'!&9! 2('/V!+$!./,*)$'($!$,!R9V!+$!&+)L)9&!&!R9!J/'!/3'&!4!7'&.)&!O$!9&!W&309&.)N,H!-,!0,!J')L$'! L/L$,(/! $+! 0,! $+.0.#&O/'! .0')/+/V! &($,(/V! '$+J$(0/+/! $! ),($'$+&O/V! M0$! +$! O$T&! )LJ9).&'!$,!9/!M0$!/4$I!!

\HHH^!4/V!&,($+V!,/!W0)!9/!M0$!+/4!&#/'&H!5$!*/9*Q!#&39&O/'!O$+J0R+!O$!+$'!$+/! M0$! +/,! 0+($O$+! $,! $+($! L/L$,(/H! -+.0.#&O/'$+H! -+/! $'&! 4/I! $+.0.#&O/'H! 2.0'')N!+),!M0$'$'9/!\HHH^H!

A3&!O$!0,!9&O/!&!/('/V!30+.&,O/!&!9/+!#/L3'$+!M0$!&,O&,!\HHH^H!!

5$!M0$O&3&!L&'&*)99&O/!O$!/Q'9/+H!5$!O$T&3&,!$+.0.#&'!9/!M0$!#&39&3&,!\HHH^H! >$./'O&3&!(/O/!9/!M0$!O$.Q&,H!C$!$+($!L0,O/!4!O$!9/+!/('/+H!8/!O$!&,($+!4!9/! O$!O$+J0R+H!8&+!$KJ9).&.)/,$+!4!9&+!.&0+&+!'$./'O&3&!\HHH^H!%&O&!O$!9/!M0$!)3&! /4$,O/!+$!L$!/9*)O&3&!_6&'7&+!89/+&V!`abcI!dk`PdkdeH!

!

D/./!&!J/./!:&U9!./L)$,[&!&!./,(&'!&!/('/+!L&.#)70$,7&+!.0&,(/!#&!/QO/!4!+$! *0$9*$! 0,! #&39&O/'H! -,! &M0$9! L/L$,(/! +)$,($! M0$! ,&.$! &! 0,&! ,0$*&! *)O&V! M0$! &OM0)$'$!0,&!,0$*&!)O$,()O&OI!!

<!*$.$+V!&!9&!W&L)9)&!M0$!)3&!&!*)+)(&'V!9$!./,(&3&!9/!M0$!#&3Q&!*)+(/!4!&J'$,O)O/! \HHH^H! -99/+! L$! $+.0.#&3&,! 4! +$! J/,O'Q&,! ./,($,(/+V! (&9! *$[H! vE0R,(&,/+! $+/! L)+L/!O$!,0$*/wV!O).)$,O/H!vE0R,(&,/+V!.0R,(&,/+Hw!D/./!&!J/./V!+),!+&3$'! 9/!M0$!$+(&3&!J&+&,O/V!$LJ$.R!&!#&.$'!9/!M0$!&#/'&!#&7/H!

?,! OQ&V! &9! 99$7&'! &O/,O$! 0,&! W&L)9)&V! &! L)! $+J&9O&! O)T$'/,I! v<#Q! 99$7&! $9! #&39&O/'H!6&L/+!&!/Q'9/Hw!p/!$+.0.#RH!5$!M0$OR!L04!+/'J'$,O)O/H!vmF&39&,! O$!LQowV!9$+!J'$70,(RH!"/O/+!L/*)$'/,!9&+!.&3$[&+!v-#RV!$#RV!O$!()!#&39&L/+wV! &+),()$,O/H!p/!$'&V!J0$+V!$9!#&39&O/'!\HHH^H!-,!0,&!M0$3'&O)(&!O$9!'Q/!")LJ+#Q&V! \HHH^! W0$H! \HHH^! .&O&! *$[! M0$! J&+/! .$'.&! O$! $+&! M0$3'&O&V! L)! ./'&[N,! *0$9*$! &! 3&)9&'H!v<M0Q!,&.Q!9&!+$70,O&!*$[wV!J$,+&,O/H!\HHH^H!<+Q!./L$,.R!&!+$'!$9!M0$!+/4! _6&'7&+!89/+&V!`abcI!dkdeH!

!

(7)

98

''#

-,!$9!($K(/V!O$!L&,$'&!)LJ9Q.)(&V!+$!/J/,$!$9!O)+.0'+/!O$!9/+!L&.#)70$,7&+!&9!O)+.0'+/! 3Q39)./H! C$! #$.#/! (/O/+! 9/+! .0$,(/+! O$9! #&39&O/'! +$! ./,.904$,! ./,! 0,&! WN'L09&! ,&''&()*&! M0$! +03'&4&! M0$! 9&! +04&! $+! +N9/! 0,&! *$'+)N,! J/+)39$V! ,/! &3+/90(&V! O$! 0,&! #)+(/')&I! i-+/V! $+! &9! L$,/+V! 9/! M0$! 4/! #$! +&3)O/jH! ?,&! WN'L09&! M0$! 0()9)[&! (&L3)R,! .0&,O/!#&39&!O$!+Q!L)+L/V!./L/!J&'&!+03'&4&'!M0$!+$!L0$*$!+)$LJ'$!$,!$9!$+J&.)/!O$! 9&!,&''&.)N,I!i<+Q!./L$,.R!&!+$'!$9!M0$!+/4H!;0$!9/!L$T/'!M0$!L$!#&!J&+&O/V!(&9!*$[H! %0,.&! L$! J&+&'S! ,&O&! L$T/'V! .'$/H! C$+O$! $,(/,.$+! $+(/4! #&39&,O/H! <,O&,O/H! p! +$70)'R!#&+(&!M0$!L$!*&4&V!J&'$.$H!D/'M0$!+/4!$9!#&39&O/'H!-+/!$+V!&9!L$,/+V!9/!M0$!4/! #$!+&3)O/j!_6&'7&+!89/+&V!`abcI!dkleH!

8&!WN'L09&!,&''&()*&!O$!:&U9!./,('&+(&!.9&'&L$,($!./,!9&!$*&,7R9).&!M0$!O).$!i-,! *$'O&O!/+!O)7/j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

-9!J0$39/!M0$!&,O&!$+!&#/'&!$9!LQ/H!<,($+V!4/!&,O&3&!./,!/('/!J0$39/!4!.'$Q&! M0$! $'&! $9! LQ/! \HHH^H! -+$! /('/! J0$39/! +$! M0$ON! &99SV! &('S+! \HHH^H! -'&! J$M0$f/! 4! *)*Q&!L04!9$T/+!O$!&M0QV!$,!0,!907&'!M0$!#&3Q&!+)O/!+04/!4!4&!,/!9/!$'&V!+),/!O$! /('/+H! D/'M0$! W0$! /.0J&O/! J/'! 0,/+! *)'&./.#&+! &+(0(/+! 4! W0$'($+! \HHH^H! ?,! $+JQ')(0!J/O$'/+/!9/+!#&3Q&!+/J9&O/!\HHH^H!-'&!"&+0'),.#)T$#/*S!\HHH^H!!

F&+(&! M0$! 0,! OQ&! $,! 0,&! M0$3'&O)(&! J$'O)O&V! ,&.)N! 0,! ,)f/! \HHH^H! -LJ$[N! &! O$.)'I!v:/4!$9!+/J9)O/!O$!"&+0'),.#)V!+/4!$9!#)T/!O$!"&+0'),.#)V!+/4!"&+0'),.#)H! :/4!$+&+!('$+!./+&+!&!9&!*$[w!_6&'7&+!89/+&V!`abcI!dkceH!#

#

(8)

99

#$.#/V! J&'&! $KJ9).&'! 9/! &T$,/! M0$! +$! +$,(Q&! $,! $9! L0,O/! /..)O$,(&9! L/O$',/! ./L/! T0OQ/! L&'.&O/! J/'! 0,! #/'')39$! 90,&'!tJ$'/! (&L3)R,! J&'&! )90+('&'! $9! .&L3)/! M0$! #&! +0W')O/!$,('$!9/+!L&.#)70$,7&+x!&90O$!&!9&!@+-%<()A(656#O$!s&Wy&I!

p/! $'&! 7$,($H! p/! ($,Q&! W&L)9)&H! p/! $+(&3&! O0'L)$,O/H! p! $,! $+/! L$! O$+J$'(RH!<J$,&+!&3'Q!9/+!/T/+!./LJ'$,OQ!z&4V!"&+0'),.#){!5$!#&3Q&!./,*$'()O/! $,! ),+$.(/V! J0$+H! ?,&! .#).#&''&|L&.#&.04V! (&9! *$[H! "&+0'),.#)|7'$7/')/! $'&! \HHH^H!-+&+!J&(&+!*$990O&+V!&,)99&O&+V!$'&,!L)+!J&(&+!\HHH^H!mn0R!O)'Q&!L)!W&L)9)&o! \HHH^H!

D$'/! L)+! J&')$,($+! ,&O&! O$.Q&,H! C)+)L09&,O/V! )3&,! 4! *$,Q&,! J/'! 9&! .&3&f&V!J/'!$9!'Q/V!./L/!+),!O&'+$!.0$,(&!O$!9&!O$+7'&.)&!M0$!L$!+0.$OQ&H!:$! &*$'7/,[&'Q&,V!(&L3)R,V!zENL/!9/!#&,!.&L3)&O/{V!O).)$,O/V!4!J/'!$+/!,/!L$! ,/L3'&'Q&,!_6&'7&+!89/+&V!`abcI!`aqeH#

#

E/,! +0! W&309&.)N,! $9! #&39&O/'! J&'$.$! O$L/+('&'! M0$! +)! 9&+! ,&''&.)/,$+! ()$,$,! &L3).)/,$+!O$!+$'!9&!*$'O&O!$+(S,!O$+(),&O&+!&!./9)+)/,&'!4!&!),($,(&'!$9)L),&'+$!0,&!&! 9&!/('&V!./L/!+0.$O)N!O0'&,($!9&!E/,M0)+(&V!.0&,O/!9&!=)39)&!+$!)LJ0+/!./L/!9&!U,).&! ,&''&.)N,! ./+L/7N,).&! J/+)39$H! -,! .&L3)/V! +)! +$! ./,+)O$'&,! #)+(/')&+V! .0$,(/+V! $,(/,.$+!+$!J0$O$,!$,./,('&'!4!./,*$'()'+$!$,!0,!J&(')L/,)/!./LU,H!C$!#$.#/V!./L/! #&!/3+$'*&O/!:&'&!E&+('/!s9&'R,!_`aakI!d`lPd`ueV!!

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

!

(9)

100

L$'&!O)*$'+)N,!\HHH^H!<97/!J')L/'O)&9V!&97/!O$!9/!M0$!O$J$,O$!9&!$K)+($,.)&!L)+L&!O$!0,! J0$39/j!_6&'7&+!89/+&V!`abcI!ade!J/'M0$V!i./,!$9!+)LJ9$!4!&,()M0Q+)L/!$KJ$O)$,($!\HHH^! O$! ./,(&'! #)+(/')&+V! $'&,! 9&! +&*)&! .)'.09&,($! M0$! #&.Q&,! O$! 9/+! L&.#)70$,7&+! 0,&! +/.)$O&OV!0,!J0$39/!O$!+$'$+!+/9)O&')/+!4!./L0,).&O/+j!_6&'7&+!89/+&V!`abcI!a`PadeH!!

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

&J'$,O$'V!O$!$+&!L&,$'&!O)'$.(&!$!),($,+&!M0$!$+!9&!O$!9&!$KJ$')$,.)&!*)*)O&!&! ('&*R+!O$!9&+!W)..)/,$+V!M0R!4!.NL/!+/L/+V!$,!,0$+('&!),($7')O&O!#0L&,&V!./,! ,0$+('/+!&.(/+!4!+0$f/+!4!W&,(&+L&+V!&!+/9&+!4!$,!$9!$,('&L&O/!O$!'$9&.)/,$+! M0$!,/+!*),.09&,!&!9/+!/('/+V!$,!,0$+('&!J'$+$,.)&!JU39).&!4!$,!$9!+$.'$(/!O$! ,0$+('&!./,.)$,.)&V!$+&!./LJ9$TQ+)L&!+0L&!O$!*$'O&O$+!./,('&O).(/')&+!\]^!O$! M0$!$+(S!#$.#&!9&!./,O).)N,!#0L&,&!_6&'7&+!89/+&V!dk`keH!

!

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f&O&V!./L/!J&'&!+03'&4&'!+0!*&9/'!

(10)

101

8&! +),.$')O&O! O$! +0! &.()(0O! 4! O$! +0+! &W&,$+! '$+J$.(/! &! x/! #&.)&x! 9/+! L&.#)70$,7&+!&0(/')[&!&!:&U9!&!.')().&'!O0'&L$,($!&9!A,+()(0(/!8),7}Q+()./!O$!6$'&,/V! .04/+! L)$L3'/+! #&.$,! 0,! 0+/! ),($'$+&O/! 4! *$,&9! O$9! ./,/.)L)$,(/! O$! $+&! .09(0'&! ),OQ7$,&H! :0! W),! U9()L/! $+V! 0,&! *$[! LS+V! $9! O$! .&,.$9&'! +0! ./+L/7/,Q&! $! ),/.09&'! 9&! 3Q39).&! 4V! LS+! $,! 7$,$'&9V! 9&! ! L/O$',&! .09(0'&! /..)O$,(&9V! ./L/! +/+()$,$! :&U9I! iz<J'$,O$'!9&+!9$,70&+!&3/'Q7$,$+V!*&4&!$+(&W&{!mD&'&!M0Ro!mD&'&!#&.$'!O$!9/+!),O)/+! &L&[N,)./+! 30$,/+! /..)O$,(&9$+V! 30$,/+! #/L3'$+! L/O$',/+V! 30$,/+! .&J)(&9)+(&+V! 30$,/+! .')+()&,/+! '$W/'L&O/+oj! _6&'7&+! 89/+&V! `abcI! alPaueH! :&U9! ./,+)O$'&! &! 9/+! 9),7})+(&+!9&!*&,70&'O)&!O$!(/O/+!9/+!M0$!&($,(&,!./,('&!9&!*)O&!O$!9&+!(')30+!O$!9&!+$9*&I! i8/+! 9),7})+(&+! +/,! 9/+! O$+('0.(/'$+! O$! )O/9&('Q&+! O$! ,0$+('/! ()$LJ/H! E/,! &*)/,$+V! J$,).)9),&V!*&.0,&+!4!(/O/!9/!M0$!#&.$!W&9(&!J&'&!O$''/(&'!&!9&!+$9*&wj!_6&'7&+!89/+&V!

`abcI!aaeH#

:$!J0$O$!/3+$'*&'!M0$!$9!,&''&O/'!+)$LJ'$!O$W),$!$9!A,+()(0(/!./L/!"58/N36-54(!4! ()$,O$! &! J'$+$,(&'9/! ./L/! 0,! /'7&,)+L/! O$! .&'S.($'! .)$,(QW)./! M0$! +$! J'/J/,$! J'/L/*$'!0,!J'/.$+/!O$!&.09(0'&.)N,!7'&O0&9!4!,/!*)/9$,(&!O$!9/+!),O)/+H!-+(/!J&'$.$! J/,$'! $,! +$70,O/! J9&,/! +0! .&'S.($'! L)+)/,&')/! 4! 7'&.)&+! &! $99/! +$! ),O0.$! &9! 9$.(/'! &! ,/(&'!0,&!&W),)O&O!$,('$!9/+!9),7})+(&+!4!$9!,&''&O/'!M0$!./,!$99/+!#&.$!+0+!*)&T$+!&!9&! +$9*&!4!O)+.0($!+/3'$!3&+$+!O$!7'&,!+$,+&($[H!:),!$L3&'7/V!&9!*$'!9/+!'$+09(&O/+!O$!9&! &..)N,!O$!9/+!9),7})+(&+V!$9!,&''&O/'!'$.#&[&!9&!&+)L)9&.)N,!O$!9/+!),O)/+!J/'!9&!JR'O)O&! O$! ')M0$[&V! O$! *&')$O&O! #0L&,&V! O$! $KJ$')$,.)&! M0$! $+(/! +)7,)W).&H! p! 9/! O$J')L$! ./,+(&(&'! M0$! $+/+! '$+09(&O/+! J&'$.$,! ),$*)(&39$+I! i?,&! )''$J')L)39$! L$9&,./9Q&! L$! $L3&'7N! &9! J$,+&'! M0$! $+&! +/.)$O&O! J09*$')[&O&! $,! $9! +$,/! O$! 9/+! #UL$O/+! $! ),L$,+/+!3/+M0$+!\HHH^!$+(&'Q&!O$+&J&'$.)$,O/j!_6&'7&+!89/+&V!`abcI!`rbeH!-9!,&''&O/'V! ./L/!8R*)P:('&0++!$,!*)56-+6#*)?254(6V!*$')W).&!./,!J$,&!M0$!i9&!#0L&,)O&O!+$!),+(&9&! $,!$9!L/,/.09()*/g!+$!O)+J/,$!&!J'/O0.)'!9&!.)*)9)[&.)N,!$,!L&+&V!./L/!9&!'$L/9&.#&H!:0! ./L)O&!O)&')&!+N9/!+$!./LJ/,O'S!O$!$+($!J9&(/j!_8R*)P:('&0++V!`aad!\`arr^I!udeH!

(11)

102

;9/'$,.)&!x./,!+0!.09(0'&!L/,0L$,(&9!4!J'$+()7)/+&V!L0,O)&9L$,($!'$./,/.)O&!4V!&9! J&'$.$'V! ),&(&.&39$x! +$! *$! +$')&L$,($! &L$,&[&O&! O$! O)+J$'+)N,! $,! 0,&! $+J$.)$! O$! O)+.0'+/!3&3R9)./!#/L/7$,$)[&O/'V!M0$!9&!,/*$9&!'$J'$+$,(&!$,!9&+!U9()L&+!9Q,$&+!./,! 0,!.&(S9/7/!O$+/'O$,&O/V!J/+L/O$',/V!$,!$9!M0$!;9/'$,.)&!J/O'Q&!+$'!.0&9M0)$'!907&'I!!

F&!/+.0'$.)O/!4!#&4!(&L3)R,!$+('$99&+V!&0,M0$!,/!(&,!9U.)O&+!./L/!9&+!O$!9&! +$9*&V!$,!9&!,/.#$!O$!;)'$,[$H!\]^!9&!D)&[[&!O$99&!:)7,/')&!\]^V!&!$+(&+!#/'&+V!$+! 0,&! &3)7&''&O&! E/'($! O$! 9/+! 5)9&7'/+! O/,O$! +$! )LJ'/*)+&,! +)L09(S,$&L$,($! .0&('/V! .),./! 4! &! *$.$+! O)$[! $+J$.(S.09/+I! ./,T0,(/+! O$! L&'&M0$'/+! 4! (0L3&O/'$+!.&')3$f/+V!$M0)9)3')+(&+!(0'./+V!('&7&W0$7/+!L&''/M0Q$+V!0,&!(0,&! $+J&f/9&V! L)L/+! W'&,.$+$+V! T&[[L$,! ,/'($&L$').&,/+V! &O)*),&O/'&+! 7)(&,&+V! 70)(&'')+(&+!&9$L&,$+V!W9&0()+(&+!#U,7&'/+!_6&'7&+!89/+&V!`abcI!dlreH!

!

8&!)O$&!W),&9!$+!M0$!&#/'&!+/L/+!(/O/+!0,!J/./!L&.#)70$,7&+!O)+J$'+/+!$,!$9! $+J&.)/! 4! $,! $9! ()$LJ/! 4! M0$! +N9/! 9&+! ,&''&.)/,$+! J0$O$,! #&.$'! O$! ,/+/('/+! 0,&! ./L0,)O&OH!C$!#$.#/V!6&'7&+!89/+&!#&!$+.')(/!M0$!9&+!,&''&.)/,$+!$+(&39$.$,!$,('$!9/! +$'$+!#0L&,/+!0,!*Q,.09/!W'&($',/!M0$!9$+!/39)7&!&!O)&9/7&'!4!9$+!#&.$!./,+.)$,($+!iO$! 0,!W/,O/!./LU,V!O$!W/'L&'!J&'($!O$!0,!L)+L/!9),&T$!$+J)')(0&9j!_6&'7&+!89/+&V!dk`keH! 8&!,/*$9&!$+(S!./,+('0)O&!./L/!0,&!),*$+()7&.)N,!M0$!('&(&V!+QV!O$!&.9&'&'!$9!L)+($')/! +/3'$!$9!O$+(),/!O$9!&L)7/!J$'O)O/V!J$'/V!+/3'$!(/O/V!O$!./LJ'$,O$'!$9!L)+($')/!O$9! ),.'$Q39$!J/O$'!O$!9&!,&''&.)N,g!J/O$'!M0$!J$'L)($!&!:&U9!./,*$'()'+$!$,!2('/!4!#&.$'! O$!0,/+!+$'$+!$''&,($+!4!O)+J$'+/+!0,&!./L0,)O&OI!!

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`abcI!dlueH!

!

!

E'E!')0%"FG"! !

<>5<:!5&'.$9/V!~H!~H!_dkkdeV!O%)/%6#0"(6%D#+"#9545(#'+#+64)5&5)H!5&O')OV!<9W&70&'&H! !

(12)

103

86AP:"><?::V!E9&0O$!_`aad!\`arr^eV!*)56-+6#-)?254(6M#%/$9)&!=&+(&'O!_('&OHeV!=&'.$9/,&V! D&)ON+M!

!

26A-C2V! ~/+R! 5)70$9! _`abdeV! @%)5(# O%)/%6# 0"(6%P# "%# 589+845?8# '+# 18%# )+%"5'%'H!

=&'.$9/,&V!:$)K!=&''&9H! !

:-DÄ86-C<V! 80)+! _`aaq! \`aba^eV! 78# 95+:(# ;1+# "+3%# 8(9+"%6# '+# %<()H! =&'.$9/,&V! "0+M0$(+H!

!

6<>@<:!882:<V!5&')/!_`abceV!!"#$%&"%'()H!=&'.$9/,&V!:$)K!=&''&9H! !

x#_`aaqeV!0%# 1-(23%# %)4%54%M# E(6Q# @%)3%# R)/1+'%6# .# "%6# A5445(8+6# '+"# 58'5/+856<(H! 5RK)./!CH;HÅ!;/,O/!O$!E09(0'&!-./,NL).&H!

!

x!_dkkkeV!i?,!L0,O/!+),!,/*$9&+jV!0+-)%6#05&)+6!_5RK)./e!,H!ddV!/.(03'$V!./,+09(&O/!

Referencias

Documento similar

Lo que indudablemente conduce a concluir que el promitente puede proponer todas las excepciones propias nacidas del contrato de estipulación a favor de tercero en perjuicio

Cedulario se inicia a mediados del siglo XVIL, por sus propias cédulas puede advertirse que no estaba totalmente conquistada la Nueva Gali- cia, ya que a fines del siglo xvn y en

The part I assessment is coordinated involving all MSCs and led by the RMS who prepares a draft assessment report, sends the request for information (RFI) with considerations,

Me pregunté en qué pensaba cuando no había nadie más, cuando estaba sola y su belleza era solo para ella misma.. Decidimos mirar los archivos de La voz

Pero antes hay que responder a una encuesta (puedes intentar saltarte este paso, a veces funciona). ¡Haz clic aquí!.. En el segundo punto, hay que seleccionar “Sección de titulaciones

Primeros ecos de la Revolución griega en España: Alberto Lista y el filohelenismo liberal conservador español 369 Dimitris Miguel Morfakidis Motos.. Palabras de clausura

MEMORIA PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE DOCTOR PRESENTADA POR. Carlos