U- RANKING PERFORMANCE
4.7. RANKINGS OF TEACHING, RESEARCH, AND INNOVATION AND
MAIN RESULTS
Figure 11. U-Ranking for two different weights in
Figure 13. U-Ranking. Distribution of the indices obtained in each dimension a) U-Ranking (performance) b) U-Ranking Volume
a1. Total universities b1. Total universities
a2. Public universities b2. Public universities
a3. Private universities b3. Private universities
Source: BBVA Foundation-Ivie.
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
Global Teaching Research Innovation and tech.
Development
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0
Global Docencia Investigación Innovación y des. tecnológico
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
Global Teaching Research Innovation and tech.
Development
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0
Global Teaching Research Innovation and tech.
Development
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
Global Teaching Research Innovation and
tech.
Development 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0
Global Teaching Research Innovation and tech.
Development
MAIN RESULTS
In construction, the median for the total number of universities in the distribution of the indices is 1 (see figures 13, panels a1 and b1). However, when we analyze the private universities (figures 13, panel a3 and b3), we clearly observe the difference that exists in specialization to which we have been making reference. Fixing our attention on the indices of performance, we observe that the median is higher than the average of the system in teaching, somewhat below in innovation and technological development, but, above all, it is half in research.
Table 8 shows the coefficients of correlation be- tween the different rankings and performance indices for each pair of activities. Once again, we can observe that the behavior is different depend- ing on whether a university is private or public.
While the correlation is high and fairly homogene- ous among the three dimensions in the public universities, in private universities the strongest correlation is found between teaching and innova- tion, with a significantly low correlation in the other cases.
These results suggest that complementarity exists among the different activities, but is limited above all, they warn that if the aim is to analyze the university system as a whole, the existence of
Table 8. Correlation coefficients of the indices and U-rankings by dimension
a) Index
Total Public U. Private U.
Teaching - Research 0.19 0.63 0.20 Teaching - Innovation
and Technological Devel- opment
0.29 0.64 0.50
Research - Innovation and Technological Devel- opment
0.60 0.49 0.11
b) Ranking
Total Public U. Private U.
Teaching - Research 0.25 0.65 0.28 Teaching - Innovation
and Technological Devel- opment
0.24 0.57 0.63
Research - Innovation and Technological Devel- opment
0.62 0.47 0.27
Note: The ranking values are calculated by means of a Spearman correlation coefficient and the index values by means of a Pearson correlation coefficient.
Source: BBVA Foundation-Ivie.
groups of institutions with different characteristics that result from the coexistence of private and public institutions cannot be ignored, as analyzed by Aldás (dir.) (2016). If we did, it could lead to biases in the analysis of the reality of the universi- ty system.
A validation of these differences can be obtained by checking if the hypothesis that research results can predict correctly those of teaching is true or not, this being the assumption of many rankings that concentrate exclusively on the research dimension.
Therefore, the rates of performance in research are represented against the rates of performance in teaching (figure 14, panel a). We can see that this relationship is practically insignificant, since the coefficient of determination of the regression line is located at 4%.
If we examine the heterogeneity of the universi- ties and focus the analysis only on the public sys- tem (figure 14, panel b), the adjustment between the synthetic indices of teaching and research improves and reaches a coefficient of determina- tion of 0.38, giving evidence of stronger relation- ship than in the private system but, in any case, limited. In the subset of private universities, the relationship is even smaller than for the overall system (figure 14, panel c).
Finally, after describing the results of the rankings of teaching, research and innovation and techno- logical development, tables 9 and 10 present in detail the results of the eight rankings drawn up for all Spanish universities (general performance U-Ranking and its ranking for the three dimen- sions of teaching, research and innovation, and general U-Ranking Volume and its ranking by each of the aforesaid dimensions). In the performance ranking a well-defined pattern of teaching special- ization of private universities can be seen: all improve when comparing their position in teach- ing ranking with the global ranking and worsen when considering the research ranking. That pat- tern is also shown in panel c of figure 14: almost all the private universities are located below the diagonal because their research rate is lower than their teaching rate (the only exception is the Uni- versitat Oberta de Catalunya which has a research index than the teaching index) has the same indi- ces and the Universitat de Vic which would im- prove). On the other hand, in the case of the public universities the opposite happens in the majority of cases.
Note: Universities are ordered from the highest to the lowest global, teaching, research and innovation and technical development index value.
Source: BBVA Foundation-Ivie.
Table 9. U-Ranking for teaching, research and innovation and technical development
Ranking Index Ranking Index Ranking Index Ranking Index
Universitat Pompeu Fabra 1 1.7 2 1.3 1 2.4 4 2.3
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid 2 1.5 2 1.3 3 1.6 1 3.4
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya 3 1.4 2 1.3 5 1.4 2 3.1
Universitat Politècnica de València 3 1.4 1 1.4 7 1.2 2 3.1
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 4 1.3 4 1.1 3 1.6 10 1.4
Universidad de Cantabria 4 1.3 4 1.1 6 1.3 4 2.3
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 4 1.3 4 1.1 2 1.7 10 1.4
Universitat de Barcelona 4 1.3 3 1.2 5 1.4 9 1.5
Universitat Rovira i Virgili 4 1.3 4 1.1 4 1.5 5 2.1
Universidad de Alcalá 5 1.2 3 1.2 8 1.1 10 1.4
Universidad de Navarra 5 1.2 1 1.4 8 1.1 17 0.7
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche 5 1.2 4 1.1 8 1.1 3 2.9
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 5 1.2 4 1.1 8 1.1 3 2.9
Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 5 1.2 5 1.0 6 1.3 6 2.0
Universitat de Lleida 5 1.2 4 1.1 7 1.2 13 1.1
Universitat de València 5 1.2 4 1.1 7 1.2 10 1.4
Universidad de Burgos 6 1.1 4 1.1 10 0.9 9 1.5
Universidad de Córdoba 6 1.1 5 1.0 7 1.2 11 1.3
Universidad de Deusto 6 1.1 2 1.3 9 1.0 19 0.5
Universidad de Zaragoza 6 1.1 5 1.0 8 1.1 8 1.6
Universidad Pablo de Olavide 6 1.1 4 1.1 9 1.0 15 0.9
Universidade de Vigo 6 1.1 5 1.0 8 1.1 11 1.3
Universitat de Girona 6 1.1 5 1.0 7 1.2 17 0.7
Universitat de les Illes Balears 6 1.1 5 1.0 6 1.3 10 1.4
Universidad Complutense de Madrid 7 1.0 4 1.1 8 1.1 17 0.7
Universidad de Alicante 7 1.0 5 1.0 10 0.9 5 2.1
Universidad de Almería 7 1.0 4 1.1 9 1.0 15 0.9
Universidad de Granada 7 1.0 5 1.0 8 1.1 17 0.7
Universidad de La Rioja 7 1.0 5 1.0 8 1.1 17 0.7
Universidad de Málaga 7 1.0 5 1.0 10 0.9 12 1.2
Universidad de Murcia 7 1.0 6 0.9 9 1.0 16 0.8
Universidad de Oviedo 7 1.0 5 1.0 8 1.1 17 0.7
Universidad de Salamanca 7 1.0 5 1.0 9 1.0 14 1.0
Universidad de Sevilla 7 1.0 6 0.9 9 1.0 7 1.8
Universidad del País Vasco 7 1.0 5 1.0 7 1.2 17 0.7
Universidad Nebrija 7 1.0 1 1.4 12 0.7 17 0.7
Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena 7 1.0 4 1.1 9 1.0 15 0.9
Universidad Pública de Navarra 7 1.0 5 1.0 10 0.9 10 1.4
Universidad Rey Juan Carlos 7 1.0 5 1.0 10 0.9 14 1.0
Universidade da Coruña 7 1.0 5 1.0 9 1.0 15 0.9
Universitat Jaume I de Castellón 7 1.0 4 1.1 9 1.0 17 0.7
Universitat Ramon Llull 7 1.0 2 1.3 10 0.9 19 0.5
Mondragón Unibertsitatea 8 0.9 2 1.3 15 0.4 11 1.3
Universidad de Cádiz 8 0.9 6 0.9 10 0.9 14 1.0
Universidad de Huelva 8 0.9 6 0.9 11 0.8 16 0.8
Universidad de Jaén 8 0.9 6 0.9 11 0.8 15 0.9
Universidad de León 8 0.9 6 0.9 9 1.0 18 0.6
Universidad de Valladolid 8 0.9 6 0.9 10 0.9 12 1.2
Universidad San Pablo-CEU 8 0.9 3 1.2 12 0.7 20 0.4
Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha 9 0.8 7 0.8 10 0.9 18 0.6
Universidad de Extremadura 9 0.8 6 0.9 11 0.8 16 0.8
Universidad de La Laguna 9 0.8 6 0.9 9 1.0 21 0.3
Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 9 0.8 6 0.9 11 0.8 21 0.3
Universidad Pontificia Comillas 9 0.8 2 1.3 14 0.5 21 0.3
Universitat Internacional de Catalunya 9 0.8 4 1.1 14 0.5 18 0.6
Universitat Oberta de Catalunya 9 0.8 7 0.8 10 0.9 19 0.5
Vic-Universidad Central de Catalunya 9 0.8 5 1.0 11 0.8 23 0.1
UNED 10 0.7 8 0.6 10 0.9 14 1.0
Universidad A Distancia de Madrid 11 0.6 4 1.1 17 0.2 21 0.3
Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU 11 0.6 4 1.1 14 0.5 24 <0,1
Universidad Católica de Valencia 11 0.6 5 1.0 16 0.3 21 0.3
Universidad Francisco de Vitoria 11 0.6 7 0.8 13 0.6 22 0.2
University Global Teaching Research Innovation and tech.
development
MAIN RESULTS
Note: Universities are ordered from the highest to the lowest global, teaching, research and innovation and technical development index value.
Source: BBVA Foundation-Ivie.
Ranking Index Ranking Index Ranking Index Ranking Index
Universidad Complutense de Madrid 1 4.4 1 4.7 1 4.5 9 3.1
Universitat de Barcelona 2 3.9 2 3.6 2 4.2 4 4.8
Universitat de València 3 3.4 3 3.2 5 3.5 6 3.8
Universidad de Granada 4 3.2 3 3.2 4 3.6 14 2.3
Universidad de Sevilla 4 3.2 5 2.9 6 3.1 3 5.8
Universidad del País Vasco 5 3.1 4 3.1 5 3.5 16 2.0
Universitat Politècnica de València 6 2.9 6 2.8 10 2.5 2 6.3
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 7 2.8 7 2.6 9 2.6 1 6.6
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 7 2.8 9 2.3 3 3.7 10 3.0
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya 8 2.7 8 2.4 8 2.7 3 5.8
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid 9 2.4 11 2.1 7 2.9 12 2.6
Universidad de Zaragoza 10 2.3 10 2.2 11 2.4 7 3.5
UNED 11 2.1 13 1.7 10 2.5 11 2.8
Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 12 2.0 13 1.7 12 2.2 8 3.4
Universidad de Málaga 13 1.9 12 1.9 13 1.8 13 2.4
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid 14 1.8 15 1.5 13 1.8 5 3.9
Universidad de Murcia 15 1.6 14 1.6 13 1.8 23 1.3
Universidad de Salamanca 15 1.6 14 1.6 14 1.6 20 1.6
Universidad de Alicante 16 1.5 15 1.5 16 1.3 9 3.1
Universidad de Oviedo 16 1.5 15 1.5 14 1.6 25 1.0
Universidad de Valladolid 17 1.4 16 1.4 16 1.3 17 1.9
Universidad Rey Juan Carlos 17 1.4 16 1.4 16 1.3 22 1.4
Universidad de Alcalá 18 1.3 17 1.3 17 1.2 20 1.6
Universitat Pompeu Fabra 18 1.3 20 1.0 13 1.8 18 1.8
Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha 19 1.2 18 1.2 15 1.4 26 0.9
Universidad de Córdoba 19 1.2 19 1.1 16 1.3 22 1.4
Universidade de Vigo 19 1.2 18 1.2 16 1.3 21 1.5
Universidad de Cádiz 20 1.1 19 1.1 18 1.1 24 1.2
Universidad de Cantabria 21 1.0 22 0.8 19 1.0 19 1.7
Universidad de Extremadura 21 1.0 20 1.0 19 1.0 26 0.9
Universidad de La Laguna 21 1.0 19 1.1 16 1.3 32 0.3
Universidade da Coruña 21 1.0 20 1.0 19 1.0 26 0.9
Universitat Rovira i Virgili 21 1.0 21 0.9 17 1.2 19 1.7
Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 22 0.9 20 1.0 20 0.9 31 0.4
Universidad de Navarra 22 0.9 19 1.1 21 0.8 30 0.5
Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche 22 0.9 22 0.8 21 0.8 15 2.1
Universitat de les Illes Balears 23 0.8 23 0.7 20 0.9 25 1.0
Universitat Jaume I de Castellón 23 0.8 21 0.9 20 0.9 30 0.5
Universitat Ramon Llull 23 0.8 20 1.0 22 0.7 31 0.4
Universidad de Almería 24 0.7 23 0.7 22 0.7 29 0.6
Universidad de Jaén 24 0.7 22 0.8 22 0.7 27 0.8
Universidad Pablo de Olavide 24 0.7 23 0.7 22 0.7 29 0.6
Universitat de Girona 24 0.7 23 0.7 20 0.9 30 0.5
Universitat de Lleida 24 0.7 24 0.6 22 0.7 29 0.6
Universidad de Huelva 25 0.6 24 0.6 23 0.5 30 0.5
Universidad de León 25 0.6 24 0.6 22 0.7 31 0.4
Universidad Pública de Navarra 25 0.6 25 0.5 23 0.5 27 0.8
Universitat Oberta de Catalunya 25 0.6 24 0.6 22 0.7 31 0.4
Universidad de Burgos 26 0.5 25 0.5 24 0.4 28 0.7
Universidad de Deusto 26 0.5 23 0.7 23 0.5 33 0.2
Universidad San Pablo-CEU 26 0.5 23 0.7 24 0.4 33 0.2
Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena 27 0.4 26 0.4 24 0.4 31 0.4
Universidad Pontificia Comillas 27 0.4 23 0.7 26 0.2 34 0.1
Universidad Católica de Valencia 28 0.3 25 0.5 26 0.2 33 0.2
Universidad de La Rioja 28 0.3 27 0.3 25 0.3 33 0.2
Mondragón Unibertsitatea 29 0.2 26 0.4 27 0.1 31 0.4
Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU 29 0.2 25 0.5 26 0.2 35 <0,1
Universidad Francisco de Vitoria 29 0.2 27 0.3 26 0.2 34 0.1
Universidad Nebrija 29 0.2 28 0.2 27 0.1 34 0.1
Universitat Internacional de Catalunya 29 0.2 27 0.3 27 0.1 34 0.1
Vic-Universidad Central de Catalunya 29 0.2 27 0.3 26 0.2 35 <0,1
Universidad A Distancia de Madrid 30 0.1 28 0.2 28 <0,1 35 <0,1
Table 10. U-Ranking Volume for teaching, research and innovation and technical development
University Global Teaching Research Innovation and tech.
development
Figure 14. U-Ranking. Teaching vs. Research Index
a) Public and private universities
b) Public universities
c) Private universities
Note: See appendix 2 for a list of abbreviations.
Source: BBVA Foundation-Ivie.