5.4 Cat´alogo de servicios
5.4.2 Agregaci´on de servicios al BrokerMD
chapter 2 will be used to compare and validate the factors.
Section 6.6 discusses the implications of the empirical factors from sections 6.3 to 6.5 and the theory as a whole, from research and practice perspectives. Initially, the discussion argues for the generalisability of factors and the emergent theory developed in this study. Then, arguments are presented about the relevance of the emergent theory which can be used by IT SME ownermangers, other policymakers and practitioners as a reference framework for understanding the adoption of OSS.
6.2 An Emergent Theory of Open Source Software Adoption
This section presents a theory of OSS adoption developed in this study. The theory comprises of the factors from the analysis in section 5.5 and uses the research theoretical framework (see, sections 5.3 and 3.3) to explain the factors and their influence on the adoption of OSS in this study. The theory is represented as a graphical empirical model in Figure 6.1, showing the empirical factors and the theoretical concepts from the theoretical framework used in this study. This discussion will now continue with an overview of the empirical model.
SUBJECTIVE NORMSATTITUDECONTROL
Figure 6.1 An Empirical Model of Open Source Software Adoption by IT SMEs
The empirical model presented in Figure 6.1 shows that OSS adoption, as defined in section definition in section 3.3.2), self efficacy, resource facilitating conditions and technology facilitating conditions (see definition in section 3.3.3). These belief structures were used as categories (see section 5.3) for the identification and classification of factors during the empirical data analysis stages of this study (see sections 5.4 and 5.5). These belief structures provide the theoretical concepts used in defining the empirical factors in this chapter.
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Therefore, the definitions of the factors developed in this chapter will show the link between the empirical data and the theoretical framework used throughout this study. The factors within each belief structure, as shown in Figure 6.1, are now introduced.
As shown in Figure 6.1, the first belief structure is relative advantage, consisting of four factors: flexible support, license costsaving, extensibility, and reliability. The second belief structure is complexity, and consists of a single factor – lack of drivers. The third belief structure is complexity, which consists of two factors: functionality and hardware compatibility. The fourth belief structure is peer influences, consisting of two factors: flexible OSScommunity and lack of government support. The fifth belief structure is superior influences, and consists of a single factor – Web media. The sixth belief structure is self
efficacy, which consists of four factors: core ITskills, IT support, management support, and innovativeness. The seventh belief structure is resource facilitating conditions, consisting of a single factor – capital investment. The eighth belief structure is technology facilitating conditions, and consists of a single factor – adequate Internet connectivity.
Figure 6.1 shows that the second stage of adoption consists of three belief components:
attitude (see definition in section 3.3.1); subjective norms (see definition in section 3.3.2);
and perceived behavioural control (see definition in section 3.3.3). The relationships between these belief components and their belief structures were explained in section 3.3. These relationships extend the explanations of the influence of factors because they allow us to explain their influence on the belief components. Therefore, the discussions will include an explanation of the influence of factors on the belief components.
The third stage of adoption is intention, as shown in Figure 6.1 and defined in section 3.3.
This concept is related to the three belief components – attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control – and the relationships were explained in section 3.3. These relationships also extend the explanations of the influence of factors because they allow us to explain the influence of factors on intention. Therefore, the explanation of factors will include their influence on intention.
It is also shown in Figure 6.1 that intention has a direct influence on OSS usage, which is also defined in section 3.3. This relationship, also explained in section 3.3, extends the explanations of the influence of the factors because it allows us to explain the influence on OSS usage. Therefore, the explanation of factors will include their influence on OSS usage.
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Having briefly introduced the empirical factors and theoretical concepts in the empirical model in Figure 6.1, and given a guide to their use in explaining the adoption of OSS, the factors will now be discussed in greater detail. The discussion will explain the theory of OSS adoption developed in this study. In doing so, two key points will be discussed.
First, the definition of each factor is presented and justified using the support of relevant empirical evidence and literature. The justification will show that each factor is defined based on the fit of the empirical evidence with the theoretical framework used in the data analysis (see section 5.3). The justification will also show the links between the empirical evidence and the theoretical framework used in this study. The definition of each factor will be supported by evidence from multiple cases, in a triangulation process that enhances the theoretic and analytical generalisability of the empirical factors (see section 5.5.4 and Mayring 2007; Meredith 1998; Patton 1999), and will provide alternative contexts for the factors. The alternative contexts provide important insights into the diverse contexts and a profile for better identifying and understanding the factors. The use of multiple contexts will show that the explanations of the factors in this study are based on research rigour in the use of multiple sources of evidence, and this enhances the validity of the factors and emergent theory of OSS adoption in this study (see discussion in section 4.9.1).
In further enhancing the validity of factors, and where there is adequate information to do so, the factors will be compared to relevant literature. This process of comparative literature analysis (Mayring 2007) will allow us to support our research findings with evidence from the literature, leading to stronger arguments about the analytical generalisability or transferability (Malterud 2001; Metcalf 2005; Rowlands 2003) in the empirical factors that will be discussed.
The second point is the application of the empirical model in Figure 6.1 to explain the influence of the factors on the 'belief components', 'intention' and the 'actual use of OSS'. The explanations provide an understanding of the factors and why they influence the adoption of OSS by SMEs and will test the consistency of the factors' influences on OSS adoption against the research propositions discussed in section 3.3. The test of consistency of factors with the research propositions allows us to establish the external validity of the empirical factors, which also enhances their theoretic and analytical generalisability (Meredith 1998; Yin 2003) to other studies or settings of OSS adoption by IT SMEs.
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