ANÁLISIS DE COSTOS DEL COMPOSTAJE

percentage of households reporting collection are relatively low. Only in the

A-C zone EG, the percentage of households reporting collection from CPRs

was a little over the average for the country as a whole. Besides fuelwood,

which formed an important constituent of the collections from the CPRs in

all these zones, large part in the total value of collections accrued from

fodder collection in A-C zones MG and TG, and collections of materials in

the group “other” in A-C zones WC and LG.

5. DP & WHg

These two A-C zones have moderately high percentage of households

residing in villages either with a forest within the reach of the villagers or

0.10 ha of CPR alnd per household. In these two zones, a large majority of

the households was engaged in collection from CPRs, but the average value

of collections per household was smaller than national average. Fuelwood

was the important component of the collections from CPRs

6. EHm

The percentage of households residing in villages with a forest within the

reach of the villagers or 0.10 ha of CPR land per household is close to the

national average in this zone, though it comprises the north-eastern hill

States. The percentage of households reporting collection from CPRs was

also close to the national average. But, the average value of collection per

household is found to be the highest among all the zones, except Whm.

Besides fuelwood, the group of materials ‘other’ forms a major constituent

of the value of collections in this zone.

7. UG

This zone contains the two most agriculturally developed States, viz. Punjab

and Haryana. The availability of CPR land or forests is naturally low in this

zone. Like the other Gangetic zones, the percentage of households reporting

collection from CPRs was much lower than the national average. But, what

is important to note is that the average value of collections from CPRs in this

zone was very high, next only to the A-C zone Whm. Significantly, fodder

had a very large share (about 70%) in the total value of collections.

4.4.13 Varying value of collections across category of households: It is widely accepted that the

rural poor depends substantially on the materials available from CPRs for their sustenance. In an

attempt to examine this view, the survey results relating to use of CPRs are given separately for

different categories of households. With this purpose, households were classified into five broad

categories as follows:

1. rural labour households: households with the largest share of household income coming

from wage paid manual labour

2 Other households with land possessed less than 0.20 ha

3 Other households with land possessed

0.20 ha to 0.50 ha

4 Other households with land possessed

0.50 ha to 1.00 ha

5 Other households with land possessed

1.00 ha or more.

4.3.14 Table T11 gives the average value of collections from CPR and its percentage distribution by

broad category of materials for each category of households. On the whole, it is seen, the average

value of collections of the rural households (Rs 777) was considered by higher than that of the other

households (Rs 630). The table also reveals that, leaving aside the second category of households,

i.e. other households possessing less than 0.20 ha of land, the average value declines as one moves

from the first category i.e. rural labour households, to the fifth category - ‘other households

possessing 1.00 ha or more land. The second category of households includes all the households

engaged in non-agricultural activities with little or no land as well as the households depending on

agricultural activity carried out on small area of land. The category therefore, comprises households

of varying levels of living, and thus stands out as an exception to the generally observed negative

association between value of collection and level of living, so far as a category of households

represents.

Table T11: Percentage distribution of value of collections from CPRs by broad category of materials category percentage distribution by material-category value of collection

of households fuelwood fodder other all per household (Rs)

rural labour 61 25 14 100 777

others with land possessed

less than 0.20 47 21 32 100 588 0.20 - 0.50 57 27 16 100 749 0.50 - 1.00 53 29 18 100 679 1.00 or more 59 26 15 100 593 others: al l 54 26 20 100 630 all households 58 25 17 100 693

4.3.15 The table also reveals that the share of fuelwood in the total value of collections, in general,

decreases as one moves up from the first to fifth category of household. In this case too, the second

category of households stands out as an exception.

4.4 Fuelwood from CPRs

4.4.1 Common property resources, as a major source of fuelwood supply to the villagers, play an

important part in meeting the energy needs of the rural population. A large majority of the rural

households still depends on bio-mass fuel, particularly fuelwood, for cooking and heating. The

growing needs for fuelwood and the resulting depletion in the vegetative cover in the countryside

have been causes for grave concern for quite some time now. But, as observed by the Planning

Commission, there is no accurate data on the patterns of supply and consumption of energy in the

rural areas. There is also no data to indicate the role CPRs play in this respect. The present enquiry is

an attempt to provide estimates of fuelwood collection from the CPRs at the State- and national-level

as well as for the Agro-climatic zones, as identified by the Planning Commission.

Table T12: Collection of fuelwood from CPRs and their sale

item estimate

1. Percentage of households reporting use of fuelwood 62% 2. Percentage of households reporting collection of fuelwood from

CPRs

45% 3. Percentage of households reporting sale of fuelwood collected from

CPRs

1% 4. Average quantity of fuelwood collected during 365 days (kg) 500 5. Avera ge quantity of fuelwood sold during 365 days (kg) 24

4.4.2 Table T12 gives the survey estimates relating to use of fuelwood and its collections from CPRs

It is seen that about 62% households use fuelwood in rural areas. This estimate is based on the

responses to just one straight-forward question on use fuelwood asked to every surveyed household

and represents the percentage of households using fuelwood obtained from any source. The

estimates relating to collection and sale, on the other hand, are based on detailed information on

quantity of fuelwood collected from various types of CPRs and their sales. The estimated percentage

of households reporting collection of fuelwood from CPRs too is obtained from this data. The

percentage of collecting households (45%) indicate the high level of dependence of the rural

population on CPRs for meeting their energy needs. Sale of fuelwood collected from CPRs was

found to be much less common.

4.4.3 The average quantity of fuelwood collected from CPRs during 365 days was estimated as 500

kg per household. This estimate alone does not indicate the level of dependence of the rural

population on CPRs for meeting their needs for fuelwood. Measuring the level of dependence in

quantitative terms requires an estimate of quantity of fuelwood consumed during 365 days. The

present enquiry do not provide any such estimate. Thus, in an attempt to assess the level of

dependence on CPRs, the estimate of collection is compared with the estimate of consumption of