CAPITULO II: ANALISIS EMPIRICO
1. Análisis del factor educativo
different ways. We will explore all of the major
possibilities for both sides, after first dealing with a few rare alternatives:
a) In Catapano - Warrick, corr. 1 998, White made the mistake of trying to utilise the newly opened a-file too early with 20J%a6? Here the strongest reaction would have been: 20 ... lLlf4! with a dangerous attack. 2 1 .gxf4 can be met by 2 1 .. J%g6!, when White must give up his queen.
b) 20.i.d 1 ?? was played in Hellers - 1. Sokolov, Haninge 1 989, as well as quite a few other games. Amazingly, so far no-one seems to have noticed that Black can win by force after 20 ... lLlxe3!N 2 1 .fxe3 (2 1 .�xe3 i.xd 1 wins a piece for nothing) 2 1 . ..i.xg3! 22.hxg3 �h6 with a mating attack.
c) 20.i.xdS �xdS is not a serious option for White, who has needlessly ceded the bishop pair without good reason. Parma - Geller, Sukhumi 1 966, concluded 20.c4 bxc4 2 1 .lLlxc4 i.b4 22.�ec1 i.e2 23.i.d 1 i.xd3 24.i.xhS i.xc4 2S.�xc4 lLlxe3 26.fxe3 i.d2 Y2-Y2.
d) 20.lLle4
This is quite a reasonable move and has been tested at elite level.
20 ... i.f5 2 1 .i.d2 �xe4!
Naturally Black captures in this way so as to catch the enemy rook in an awkward pin.
22.�xe4 lLlf6
Also possible is 22 ... � g6, when Di Berardino - Vescovi, Sao Paulo 2006, concluded 23.�ae l lLlf6 24.f3 i.xg3 2S.hxg3 �xg3t 26.<j;h 1 �h3t 27.<j;gl �g3t 28.<j;h 1 Y2-Y2.
23.f3 �g6 24.�f1
24.i.c2 or 24.�ae 1 both allow Black to force a draw immediately with 24 ... i.xg3 etc. 24 ... lLlxe4 2S.fxe4 i.xe4 26.i.f4
Chapter 7 - Marshall: 1 2.d4 1 99
a b c d e f g h
White's extra central pawn gives him a symbolic advantage, but no real chances to play for a win. Svidler - Kamsky, Groningen
1 995, was soon agreed drawn after:
26 ... .id3 27.Vf1f2 hf4 28.Vf1xf4 h6 29.Vf1f2 �e8 30.�el �xe l t 3 1 .Vf1xe l .ie4 32.Vf1f2 �-�.
A221) 2o.VNfl
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 a b c d e f g hThis looks slightly less purposeful without a black queen on h3, but nonetheless it is quite playable and has been used repeatedly at high levels. We will analyse both of Black's principal responses:
A221 1) 20
• • •.ih3
andA2212)
20
. •JUeS.
Both are sound, although if onewishes to play ambitiously then it should be noted that the former invites White to repeat moves immediately should he wish it.
A221 1) 20
• • •.ih3 21.i.dl
2 1 .Vf1e2 i.g4 gives White nothing better than 22. Vf1f1 repeating.
21.
• •VN5 22.VNe2 c5!
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 a b c d e f g hBlack should always keep in mind the possibility of combining play in the centre and both flanks, rather than just the kingside. Note that 22 ... tDf4?! does not help Black after: 23.Vf1f3! tDd3 24.Vf1xfS hfS 25 . .ic2!±
23.lLla
Alternatives give White no chance of an advantage.
Sax - I. Sokolov, Haninge 1 989, soon resulted in a draw after 23.tDf1 cxd4 24.cxd4 (24 . .ic2? tDxc3 25.bxc3 Vf1d5+) 24 ... tDb4 25.�a3 tDc6 (stronger would have been 25 ... �c8!+) 26.�d3 .ib4 27.d5 �d6 28 . .id2 �xd5 29.hb4 tDxb4 30.�f3 Vf1d7 3 1 ..ib3 .ig4 32.hd5 Vf1xd5 33.tDe3 Vf1xf3 �-Y2.
Mauro - Coscia, corr. 1 996, proceeded with 23.tDb3 tDf4! Now this idea works much better. 24.Vf1f3 .ig2 25.Vf1g4 Vf1d5 26.gxf4 �g6 27.Vf1xg6 fxg6 28.tDxc5 hc5 29.dxc5 . At this point Black should have played: 29 ... .ih l 30 . .ib3 Vf1xb3 3 1 .@xh l Vf1d5t 32.@gl Vf1f3, with more or less a guaranteed draw. Instead he quickly self-destructed with 29 ... .ih3? 30.f3;;1;
g5? 3 1 . .id4 !%xf4 32J�e5+- �c4 33 . .ie2 �b3
26
••JUe8 27.i.c2
34J�e7 @f8 35J�b7 1-0.
23
••.J.f4!
Black takes the opportunity to transfer the bishop to a more purposeful diagonal, from which it can menace the weakness on e3.
24.YlYd2
24 . .ic2 �g4 25.�d3 g6 leads to a forcing sequence: 26.ltJe5 he5 27.dxe5 �f3 28.�e4 �xe4 29.he4 ltJxe3 30J%xe3 gxe5 The position is equal, and Svidler - Kramnik, Monte Carlo 2007, was soon agreed drawn after 3 1 . .ic6 gxe3 32.fxe3 gd8 33.hb5 gd2 34.b4 cxb4 35.cxb4 gg2t 36.@h l gb2 37 . .ifl Y2-Y2.
24
•••ti)xe3 25.fxe3 i.h6
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 a b c d e f g h It is not easy for White to defend the e3- pawn.
26.YlYfl
26.ltJe5 leads to equality after 26 .. .f6 27 . .ic2 (27.ltJd7?? he3t! wins) 27 ... �h5 28.ltJd3 (28.ltJd7? gfe8+) 28 ... gfe8 29.ltJf4 hf4 30.exf4 ge2 3 1 .gxe2 gxe2 32 . .id l gxd2 33 . .ixh5 g6. Black guards against mate, and will regain his pawn to reach a completely level endgame.
The alternative is 27.ltJe5 �xf2t 28.@xf2 f6 with a choice for White:
a) Leko - Kramnik, Monte Carlo (blind) 2007, continued: 29 . .ig4?! gxe5! 30 . .ixh3 he3t and Black went on to convert his advantage. b) Stronger would have been:
29.ltJg4
I think that Black can maintain the balance, although he must be precise.
29 ... .ig5!
29 ... hg4?! makes Black's task unnecessarily complicated, although he can probably still hang on with accurate play. 30.hg4 f5 3 1 . .ih5!? g6 32 . .if3 @f8 (Black's task is not made any easier after 32 ... he3t 33. @g2 @f8 [no better is 33 ... @g7 34.d5 gd6 35.ga7t @h6 36.gb7±, or 33 ... gd6 34.dxc5 gd2t 35.@h l ±] 34.d5 gd6 35.ga7 h5; White is clearly better, but Black may be able to hold with precise defence.) 33 . .id5 (33.d5 gxe3=) 33 ... he3t 34.@f3 gd6 35.gxe3 gxd5. Black ought to hold this endgame, although White can certainly continue 'playing for two results' for a while longer.
30.dxc5 ge4
30 ... h5 3 1 .i.b3 hg4 may be playable, but is hardly necessary. 3 1 ..if3 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 a b c d e f g h
Chapter 7 - Marshall: 1 2.d4 20 1
3 1 ... f5!
3 1 .. Jhg4 32.hg4 hg4 would be less accurate, as the f-file remains closed which means that White's king will be safer.
32.he4 fxe4
Black will capture the knight on g4, thus obtaining two bishops for a rook. However, White has some extra pawns on the queenside. I think that the correct result should be a draw, although the position is rather unbalanced and I suppose that the stronger player might try to win with either colour.
27 ... fth5 28.lLle5
Also possible is 28.e4 �f6 29 . .idl :
a b c d e f g h
a) In Wang Hao - Grischuk, Dagomys 2008, Black fell into trouble after 29 ... g6? 30.eS �f5 3 1 .�e2 cxd4 (3 1 . .. .ig4 32.�xbS+-) 32.cxd4 �d8 33.�e4 �g4 34.�xg4 hg4 3S.lLlh4 �gS 36.hg4 �xg4 37.lLlf3 1-0.
b) As our repertoire should not lose by force, I want to recommend an improvement.
29 ... .ig4 30.�fl g6!
30 ... .ih3 does not equalise after 3 1 .eS! hfl 32.exf6 (32.�xfl �fe6 33.�xbS cxd4 34.cxd4;l;;) 32 ... �h3 33.lLlh4 .id3 34 . .if3 �d7 3S.lLlg2 (3S.�g2 �e6=) 3S ... cxd4 36.�xd4 �xd4t 37.cxd4;l;;
3 1 .eS �fS
Black has fair counterplay. Play might continue:
32.h4!? cxd4 33.cxd4 �c8
The game will more than likely be drawn, as it will be very difficult for White to unpin the kni