ASESINATO DE LOS JESUITAS
6.4. La captura de los comandos del Atlacatl
The 7 chapters of this thesis have defined, explored, tested, and developed the concept of intentional inhibition. The thesis has demonstrated the wide diversity of behavioural inhibition and attempted to develop a suitable continuum model to represent this diversity. Behavioural inhibition may be more or less ‘free’ or ‘intentional’, depending on the external evidence available in the immediate environment to guide that decision, and the endogeneity of the task demands. The proposition that intentional inhibition belongs on a behavioural continuum is supported by the strong neural overlap is shares with other types of instructed inhibition (Schel et al., 2014). Future work may illuminate a continuum of neural activity patterns that reflect a continuous scale ranging from more instructed to more intentional inhibition.
Converging evidence throughout the thesis from behavioural, neuroimaging, and patient group methods, have shown that intentional inhibition is a cognitive function worth studying. There are four key points that justify the importance of research into intentional inhibition: 1) intentional inhibition is influenced by unique effects of sequential dependence that do not apply to other action or inhibition functions; 2) decision-making parameters for intentional inhibition are distinct from those associated with intentional action; 3) intentional inhibition has distinct neural correlates that are not identical to instructed inhibition; 4) intentional inhibition is a function with direct relevance to real-world behaviour. The behavioural influences and neural mechanisms involved in deciding to inhibit action cannot be identified by work on instructed inhibition or intentional action, yet they are critical to our understanding of everyday self-control. Without a strong account of how we choose to inhibit action in ambiguous conditions, we cannot fully understand a function which is central to human behaviour. A critical faculty of the human condition is the ability to produce flexible behaviour, which is not constrained to immediate responses driven by external stimuli.
Achieving a comprehensive understanding of intentional inhibition is important for many areas of knowledge. It informs us about the mechanisms involved when we stop ourselves acting in inappropriate ways in wider society. Without this ability for self-control, everyday life would likely be more unpredictable, more dangerous, and more violent (Pinker, 2011). The more we understand about inhibition, and the factors involved in failures of inhibition, the more effectively we can address important self-control issues in societal and legal settings. The recent 2014 legal trial of Oscar Pistorius in South Africa highlighted the ‘involuntary action’ defence (Marszal, 2014). Pistorius was accused of shooting and killing
172 his partner. One of the defences raised was that Pistorius “did not think about pulling the trigger”. Pistorius stated that he pulled the trigger before he could think about what he was doing. If this statement were indeed true, then the remark clearly refers to a failure to
consciously decide to exert intentional inhibition. Before we can fairly assess how a failure to intentionally inhibit action is relevant in judgements of legal responsibility, we need to fully understand the inhibition mechanism itself. A stronger understanding may facilitate the development of more effective methods for improving self-control and deterring automatic action in provocative situations.
173
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