V. DISCUSIÓN
3. DISCRIMINACIÓN DE LA ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE
3.4. Comentarios finales
http://search.proquest.com/docview/205845157?accountid=27890
Abstract: Well-being is a complex construct that concerns optimal experience and
functioning. Current research on well-being has been derived from two general perspectives: the hedonic approach, which focuses on happiness and defines well-being in terms of pleasure attainment and pain avoidance; and the eudaimonic approach, which focuses on meaning and self-realization and defines well-being in terms of the degree to which a person is fully functioning. These two views have given rise to different research foci and a body of knowledge that is in some areas divergent and in others complementary. New
methodological developments concerning multi-level modeling and construct comparisons are also allowing researchers to formulate new questions for the field. This review considers research from both perspectives concerning the nature of well-being, its antecedents, and its stability across time and culture.
Notes: A significant overview of the two main approaches to well-being – hedonic and eudaimonic. Of particular interest is the focus, in the eudaimonic approach, on optimal functioning at the personal level as an indicator of well-being. Relates to well-being and personhood.
285.
Ryff, C. D. ; Singer, B.H. & Dienberg Love, G. (2004). Positive health:
connecting well-being with biology. Philosophical Transactions of the
Royal Society of London B. Biological Sciences., 359(1449 September 29),
1383–1394.
Abstract: Two key types of well-being, eudaimonic and hedonic, are reviewed. The first addresses ideas of self-development, personal growth and purposeful engagement, while the second is concerned with positive feelings such as happiness and contentment. How well-being varies by age and socio-economic standing is briefly summarized, followed by examination of its biological correlates (neuroendocrine, immune, cardiovascular, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep). Preliminary findings on a sample of ageing women showed that those with higher levels of eudaimonic well-being had lower levels of daily salivary cortisol, pro-inflammatory cytokines, cardiovascular risk, and longer duration REM sleep compared with those showing lower levels of eudaimonic well-being. Hedonic well-being, however, showed minimal linkage to biomarker assessments. Future research directions building on these initial findings are discussed.
Notes: An interesting empirically-grounded study of the relationship between both eudaimonic and hedonic well-being and health risks (stress, cardiovascular risk, etc.) in a sample of elderly women. Eudaimonic well-being is related to indicators of better such health. Relates to personhood and well-being.
286.
Santor, D. A. & Walker, J. (1999). Garnering the interest of others:
Mediating the effects among physical attractiveness, self-worth and
dominance. British Journal of Social Psychology, 38, 461-477. Article.
Retrieved from <Go to ISI>://WOS:000084426500007.
doi:10.1348/014466699164275
Objectives. Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that self-worth and well-being are largely determined by the degree to which individuals garner and hold the interest of others. Personal attributes, such as physical attractiveness, are viewed as resources which serve as signals to others to pay attention to us.
Design and method. This study examined (a) the degree to which participant appraisals (N = 75) of self-worth were related to appraisals of how interested others were in them; and (b) the extent to which interest ratings account for the relation among self-worth, dominance and attractiveness ratings.
Results. The main findings of the present study showed (a) that the degree to which individuals derive self-worth from various attributes was strongly related to the degree to which individuals believed others were interested in them; and (b) that the amount of interest one believes others show in them mediated the relation between physical attractiveness and social self-worth.
Conclusion. Results have a number of implications concerning the nature of self-worth and the utility of psychological theories that emphasize evolutionary principles.
evolutionary analysis to derive the hypotheses. Relates to personhood, well-being and evolutionary psychology.
287.
Savage, J. & Kanazawa, S. (2004). Social capital and the human psyche:
Why is social life "capital"? Sociological Theory, 22(3), 504-524. Article.
Retrieved from <Go to ISI>://WOS:000223287900009.
doi:10.1111/j.0735-2751.2004.00231.x
Abstract: In this article, we propose a revised definition of social capital, premised on the principles of evolutionary psychology. We define social capital as any feature of a social relationship that, directly or indirectly, confers reproductive benefits to a participant in that relationship. This definition grounds the construct of social capital in human nature by providing a basis for inferring the underlying motivations that humans may have in common, rather than leaving the matter of what humans use capital for unspoken. Discussions and empirical reviews are presented on the innateness of human sociability, sex differences in sociability, and psychological mechanisms that mediate sociability.
Notes: Social capital has many definitions, and the authors believe that this is due to the failure to specify motivation for human behavior. This perspective is based on evolutionary psychology and defines social capital as "any feature of a social relationship that, directly or indirectly,confers reproductive benefits to a participant in that relationship", thus providing a common motivation.
Relates to evolutionary psychology.