Cuenta con suficiencia presupuestal para hacer frente a las erogaciones que se

Obedience to Allah is the key to good leadership, and means therefore, obedience to Allah’s laws, and Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). This is affirmed in Surah 3: Ali Imran (3:132), Al-Hilali and Khan (1996, p.98), 132. “And obey Allah and the Messenger 9 Muhammad (PBUH) that you may obtain mercy.” In Surah 4: Al Nisa (4:13-14), Al-Hilali and Khan (1996, p.113), 13. “These are the limits (set by) Allah (or ordainments as regards, laws of inheritance), and whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger (Muhammad (PBUH) will be admitted to Gardens under which rivers flow (in paradise), to abide therein, and that will be the great success. 14. And whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger Muhammad (PBUH), and transgress His limits, He will cast him into the Fire, to abide therein; and he shall have disgraceful torment.”

In Surah 9: Al-Tawbah (9:71), Al-Hilali and Khan (1996, p.250), 71. “The Believers, men and women, are Auliya’ (helpers supporter, friends, protectors) of one another; they enjoin (on the people) A-Ma’ruf (i.e. Islamic Monotheism and all that Islam orders one to do), and forbid (people) from Al-Munkar (i.e. polytheism and disbelief of all kinds, and all that Islam has forbidden); they perform As-Salat (Iqamat-as-Salat), and give the Zakat, and obey Allah and His Messenger. Allah will have His Mercy on them. Surely, Allah is All-Mighty, All-Wise.” Again in Surah 24: Al Nur (24:52), Al-Hilali and Khan (1996, p.450), 52. “It is such as obey Allah and His Messenger, and fear Allah and do right, that will win (In the end).”

In Surah 24: An-Nur (24:54), Al-Hilali and Khan (1996, p.450), 54. “Says: “Obey Allah, and obey the Messenger, but if ye turn away, he (Messenger Muhammad (PBUH) is only responsible for the duty placed on him (i.e. to convey Allah’s Message) and you for that placed on you. If you obey him, you shall be on the right guidance. The Messenger’s duty is only to convey (the Message) in a clear way (i.e. to preach in a plain way.” Similar to the above Verse is in Surah 64: Al- Taghabun (64:12), Al-Hilali and Khan (1996, p.709), 12. “Obey Allah, and obey the Messenger Muhammad (PBUH); but if you turn away, then the duty of Our Messenger is only to convey (the Message) clearly.” Here the message is clear from Allah that the Messenger comes to guide and teach, not to force and compel.

The Messenger’s teaching is clear and unambiguous, and is open and free to all. Allah promises those who obey Him and the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). This is affirmed in Surah 24: Al Nur (24:55), Al-Hilali and Khan (1996, p.450), 55. “Allah has promised those among you who believe and do righteous good deeds, that He will certainly grant them succession to (the present rulers) in the land, as He granted it to those before them, and that He will grant them the authority to practice their religion which He has chosen for them (i.e. Islam). And He will surely, give them in exchange a safe security after their fear (provided) they (believers) worship Me and do not associate anything (in worship) with Me. But whoever disbelieved after this, they are the Fasiqun (rebellious, disobedient to Allah).”

Subsequently, in Surah 4: Al Nisa (4:59), Al-Hilali and Khan (1996, p.122), 59. “O you who believe! Obey Allah and Obey the Messenger (Muhammad (PBUH),

50

and those of you (Muslims) who are in authority. (And) If you differ in anything amongst yourselves, refer it to Allah and His Messenger Muhammad (PBUH), if you believe in Allah and in the Last Day. That is better and more suitable for final determination”.

Here are some complementary comments by Yusuf Ali (1992, p.203), on those who were charged with authority responsibility decision, or the settlement of affaires. All ultimate authority rests with Allah. The Prophet of Allah derived authority from Him. Islam makes no sharp division between the sacred and secular affairs. It expects governments to be imbued with righteousness. Likewise, Islam expects Muslims to respect the authority of a government they are under their authority otherwise there can be no order or discipline.” And in Surah 4: Al Nisa (4:69), Al-Hilali and Khan (1996, p.124), 69. “And whoso obey Allah And the Messenger (Muhammad (PBUH), then they will be in the Company of those on whom Allah has bestowed His Grace of the Prophets, the Siddiqun (those followers of the Prophets who were first and foremost to believe in them, like Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (RA)), the martyrs, and the righteous. And how excellent these companions are!”

The respect for authority in Islam is taken very seriously and this can be seen in the early period of Islam when the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), advised the Muslims who were persecuted to migrate to a King of Abyssinia (Ethiopia) who was not a Muslim but was fair in judgement.

During the persecution of Muslims by the unbelievers in Makkah, they first migrated to Abyssinia the present day Ethiopia. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) advised them to immigrate to Abyssinia where there was a King who was just. This demonstrated the fact that Muslims respected the authority or government which was not Islamic but just.

It is said that at the court of King Negus, Ja’far ibn Abi Talib, then aged about 20 years old, spoke on behalf of the Muslim and about the Muslims. He said; “O King! We have been a people of ignorance worshiping idols, eating the flesh of dead animals, committing abominations, neglecting our relatives and doing evil to our neighbours. The strong among us would oppress the weak. We were in this state when Allah sent us the Messengers from among us whose descent and sincerity, trustworthiness and honesty were known to us.

He summoned us to worship the One True God and to reject the stones and idols our fathers and we had been worshiping other than Allah. He ordered us to be truthful in speech, to fulfil all the duties that were entrusted to us, to care for our relatives, to be kind to our neighbours, to refrain from unlawful food and consumption of blood. He forbade us to engage in lewdness and lying, the devouring of the money of the orphan and the defamation of married women. He commanded us to worship the One God and to assign no partners unto Him, to pray, and to fast. We deem him truthful and, we believed him, and we accepted the message he brought from Allah. This description of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), to Negus moved him and he accepted Islam.

The story of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) sending Muslims to Negus, the King of Abyssinian who was not a Muslim at the time, show how Islam respected non-Muslim leaders. In other words, this story sheds light on the notion that Islam makes no sharp division between the sacred and secular affairs. Thus, the establishment of justice is a very important aspect of leadership, although when Negus the King of Abyssinian learns of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) from the companions who emigrated to Abyssinia and Islam, he himself becomes a Muslim. The story of King Negus and earlier Emigrants of Muslim to Abyssinian show that Islam is the religion of love; love for justice, unity and moderation of mankind.

In Surah 4: Al Nisa (4:64, 80-81), Al-Hilali and Khan (1996, p.123), 64. “We sent no Messenger, but to be obeyed by Allah’s Leave. If they (hypocrites), when they had been unjust to themselves, had come to you (Muhammad (PBUH) and begged for Allah’s Forgiveness for them; Indeed, They would have found Allah All- Forgiving (One who forgives and accepts repentance), Most Merciful.” Surah 4: Al Nisa (4:80-81), Al-Hilali and Khan (1996, p.125), 80. “He who obeys the Messenger (Muhammad (PBUH), has indeed obeyed Allah, but he who turns away, then We have not sent you (O Muhammad (PBUH) as a watcher over them. 81. They say: “We are obedient,” but when they leave you (Muhammad (PBUH), a section of them spend all night in planning others than what you say. But Allah records their nightly (plots). So turn aside from them (do not punish them), and put your trust in Allah. And Allah is Ever All-Sufficient as a Disposer of affairs.”

Those who obey Allah and the Prophet (PBUH) are doing so to seek Grace. The speech made by Abu Bakr when he was chosen as the first Caliph of the Islamic state after the death of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) is testimony to how important obedience to Allah and Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) is.

In this speech he has this to say “Obey me as long as I obey Allah and His Prophet (PBUH). If I do not obey them, you owe me no obedience.” This story sheds light on how important it is to obey Allah the originator of leadership and his Prophet, Muhammad (PBUH). The follower is obedient to his leader if he/she obeys Allah and his Messenger.

Furthermore, those who disobey Allah on earth are cursed. The example of those who disobeyed Allah on earth is affirmed in Surah 5: Al Maidah (5:78-79), 78. “Those among the Children of Israel who disbelieved were cursed by the tongue of Dawud (David) and ‘Isa (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary). That was because they disobeyed (Allah and the Messengers) and were ever transgressing beyond bounds.

79. They used not to forbid one another from the Munkar (wrong, evil-doing, sins,

polytheism, and disbelief) which they committed. Vile indeed was what they used to do.”