Descripción y análisis de los impactos identificados.

4.3.1 Awareness of Job Brokers at Wave Three

More than one in five respondents in each sample group said they had heard of at least one JB in their area (42 per cent among Stock, 44 per cent among Flow Voluntary and 45 per cent among Flow Mandatory). There was little difference between sample groups’ JB awareness (in contrast to the differences in NDDP awareness). With little difference between longer-term claimants and more recent claimants, this suggests JB awareness has little to do with length of claim period. Again, with little difference between the two recent claimant groups, whether a WFI is attended seems to have no impact on JB awareness. This is supported by qualitative findings in this evaluation which found ‘The main ways in which Job Brokers said that clients heard about their services were from the Department of Work and Pensions mailshots to eligible claimants, from DEAs, from health-care professionals and social workers and from Job Broker publicity’ (Corden et al., 2003).

JB awareness was established by interviewers reading respondents a list of JBs in their area (which was matched by their Local Authority Code) and asking if they recognised any. It should be noted that some JBs work as partnerships, consisting of different organisations with different names (up to 12 for one consortium), therefore some respondents may have known their local JB by a name which was not listed and hence said that they had not heard of the JB. On the other hand, as JBs may already have been providing help to find work or training to disabled people or had offered them support more generally before becoming part of NDDP, it is possible respondents’ awareness was based on initiatives unrelated to NDDP.

JB awareness differed by respondent characteristics. Those with qualifications were more likely than those without to be aware of a JB (47 compared to 37 per cent respectively for Stock; p<0.05, 47 per cent compared to 38 per cent for Flow Voluntary; p<0.05, and 48 per cent compared to 40 per cent for the Flow Mandatory; p<0.05). Flow Mandatory respondents who had been looking after the home or family in the last four weeks were more likely to be aware than those who had not (49 per cent compared to 41 per cent respectively; p<0.05). Within the group of longer-term claimants, those with a mental health condition were less likely to be aware of a JB (36 per cent compared to 45 per cent; p<0.05).

Table 4.4 Awareness of Job Broker by basic characteristics

Cell per cent

Base: weighted

Stock Voluntary Mandatory (unweighted)

% % % Stock Voluntary Mandatory

Has qualifications

Yes 47 47 48 354 414 591

(354) (414) (582)

No 37 38 40 303 244 378

(304) (243) (387)

Looking after the home or family

Yes 45 45 48 304 329 472

(317) (333) (495)

No 40 42 41 354 328 497

(341) (324) (474)

Mental health condition

Yes 36 42 45 172 161 278

(167) (155) (270)

No 45 44 45 487 496 691

(491) (502) (699)

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Awareness differed by proximity to labour market, with those currently in work or who had worked within the last three years more likely to be aware than those who last worked ten years or more ago or had never worked (Flow Voluntary 47 per cent compared to 27 per cent respectively, p<0.01; Flow Mandatory 46 per cent compared to 35 per cent, p<0.01). Among the longer-term respondents, work experience made little difference to their awareness of JBs. Similarly, those looking or expecting to work were more likely to be aware than those unsure or not expecting to work (Stock 49 per cent compared to 39 per cent, p<0.05; Flow Voluntary 47 per cent compared to 34 per cent, p<0.01; Flow Mandatory 47 per cent compared to 38 per cent, p<0.05).

Table 4.5 Awareness of Job Broker by work characteristics

Base: weighted

Stock Voluntary Mandatory (unweighted)

% % % Stock Voluntary Mandatory

Work experience Currently in work/within last 3 years 45 47 46 152 460 678 (173) (474) (675) 4-9 years ago 41 45 51 218 95 111 (233) (90) (114) 10+ years/never worked 43 27 35 287 101 179 (250) (93) (179) Work expectations

Looking/ expecting to work 49 47 47 255 476 734

(250) (476) (712)

Unsure/not expecting to work 39 34 38 403 180 235

(408) (181) (257)

Base: All respondents aware of NDDP and/or JB

Logistic regression was carried out on awareness of JBs at Wave Three. Among the longer-term claimants, those who were looking or expecting to work were more likely to be aware of a JB in their area, and those with a mental health condition were less likely. Flow Voluntary respondents who last worked five to nine years ago were more likely to be aware than those who had last worked more than ten years ago or had never worked. For both those who have work expectations and who have been in work more recently, the fact that they are closer to the labour market makes them more likely to be looking for or attracted to Welfare to Work initiatives. Among the Flow Mandatory group, respondents who said that knowing they could return to their original benefit was a bridge to work were also more likely to be aware of a JB in their area.

4.3.2 Awareness of Job Brokers across waves

Looking across waves, Figure 4.3 shows an overall increase in the proportion of respondents aware of a JB in their area. This increase is most evident among the longer-term claimants (35 per cent at Wave One, 39 per cent at Wave Two, 42 per cent at Wave Three; Wave One compared to Wave Three, p<0.01; all other differences not statistically significant). For all groups, there was little change between awareness at Waves Two and Three. Among the Flow Voluntary group, the only statistically significant increase was between Waves One and Two (38 per cent at Wave One, 45 per cent at Wave Two and 44 per cent at Wave Three; Wave One compared to Wave Two, p<0.05). Notable among the Flow Mandatory group there was no change between awareness of JBs from Wave Two to Wave Three. Figure 4.3 Awareness of Job Brokers across waves