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association or set of associations that a word usually elicits for most speakers of a language, as distinguished from those elicited for any individual speaker because of personal experience. Cf. connotation.

Ram is the Denotation of Fire. Ram is the Primary Essential Causal Stress Sound for Fire. Ram is the name for Fire that Yogi hears from the Absolute. Ram should be the name for Fire in all languages.

con·no·ta·tion:

the associated or secondary meaning of a word or expression in addition to its explicit or primary meaning: A possible connotation of "home" is "a place of warmth, comfort, and affection." Cf. Denotation

Ram is the Denotation of Fire. Ram is the Primary Essential Causal Stress Sound for Fire. Agni, Vahni, HutAsana are connotation and the Secondary External stress-induced Sound for Ram.

Ram is the Denotation of Fire. Ram is the Primary Essential Causal Stress Sound for Fire. Ram is the name for Fire that Yogi hears from the Absolute. Agni is the Sanskrit name (Connotation) for Fire; Agni is the connotated name heard by the ear. The Europeans hear the word Agni and their relative (imperfect) tongue called it Ignis. From Ignis came the word Ignition.

5) "Primary and Secondary names may be combined in such order (Krama) and metre or harmony (Chandah) that by vitalizing one another, these in combination may appear as an approximate name of thing or process.

Brahma = Bharati = VAma = Brahmi = Iccha (Will). Vishnu = Hari = Ksiti = Jyestha = Jnana (knowledge). Siva = AparnA = Raudri = Kriya (Action). The male elements in these three groups are SAntA and the female elements are AmbikA.

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Kundalini Devi (Sabdabrahman, Kulakundalini) is in a sleep mode in Muladhara Chakra in Urogenital Triangle, remains coiled around Svayambhu Linga and emits sounds though sleeping. She is life breath; she is inspiration and expiration. Ajapa (A + Japa = No + Chant) is the primal Mantra. This chantless Mantra pervades the breath going in and out, the subtle sound ‗sah‘ going in and the subtle sound ‗ham‘ going out. {Sa = Siva, Vishnu, Lakshmi, or Gauri [Parvati or Sakti]; Ham = I am; so = Parvati.} As one chants this subtle-sound Mantra ‗Soham‘, a derivative of ‗Sah-ham,‘ ‗Hamsa‘ comes into being by inversion. Soham, Hamsa and AUM (Pranava) are equipotent. Tirumular says that AUM, though a three-letter word, is a one-letter Mantra. Soham is the unintonated sound of normal breathing, meaning ‗I am He.‘ Hamsa, meaning ‗Swan‘ as in

RamaKrishna Parma-Hamsa, stands for an ascetic --Hamsan. All of us including all air-breathing living beings recite this Mantra ‗Soham‘ unknowingly for a lifetime. This chantless Mantra (Ajapa Japa) is Ajapa Gayatri. As you are breathing this chantless Soham in and out, you are identifying your individual self with the Great Self of the Supreme Being. Every breath (and the Mantra) that you take pervades the whole universe of your body. This life giving force or Mantra has the Great Self as the basis. Every time you chant a Mantra, it leads the individual soul to the Great Soul-- the Source, the Essence. All Mantras inclusive of Sakti, Vishnu and Siva Mantras and many but not all rituals are Tantric in origin; that is the reason why Tantra goes by the term Mantra Sastra. Devi or Sakti says that any Sastra that is in opposition to Sruti, Smrti, and Oneness (Siva and Sakti in Saiva tradition, Vishnu and MahaLakshmi in Vaishnava tradition) such as Bhairava, Gautama, Kapala, Sakala and the like are creations by her Maya power for bewilderment of those devoid of Her Grace. This bewilderment has an analogy in a family. Let us take father as an example. Father is one; he is also many for the following reasons. He is the son for his father, brother for his brother and sister, cousin, husband, father-in-law, employer, employee, partner, colleague, and so on; his functions depend upon his relationship with each individual and is sometimes sacrosanct in relation to a particular person in this constellation. Forms emanate from Hamsa, root sound or Ajapa Mantra; from forms emanate universes. This two-phase respiration, expiration and inspiration, represents the duality of male and female genders and principles; the male is Pravrtti, and the female is Nivrtti. Pravrtti is expiration, forward movement, expulsion, centrifugal force and evolution; Nivrtti is inspiration, backward movement, centripetal movement and involution. Devi's Pranic power (Vital air) is akin to Akasa, which is the stem substance from which universe took its origin. Differentiation of this vital power results in the inversion of Soham into Hamsa, other sounds, forms, and dualities that come into being. A series of triplets are born: three gunas, Sattva, Rajas, and Tamas; three Varnas or characters; three channels or Nadis and others. Three Nadis are Susumna, Pingala and Ida.

Later quaternaries are born and so on and so forth until all the fifty Varnas (alphabets) of Sanskrit became manifest. Only yogis can hear the songs of Devi sung at Muladhara Chakra. When the primal sound is subject to guna, it undergoes differentiation into Dhvani, an indistinct sound which on more influence from gunas, modifies further into Nada, Nibodhika, Ardhendu, Bindu, and Para Vani in Muladhara Chakra. All these sound modifications go from the most subtle to subtle quality and yet the sound in Para Vani is not yet an audible sound to the human ears. Nada, the primal sound, is the primordial origin of articulated sound (Vaikhari) separated by several degrees from Nada. Nibodhika = Ni+Bodhika = Giver of Knowledge = Nada is the Giver of knowledge. Ardhendu = Ardha + Indu = half + moon = half-moon. Bindu is dot or Light. Para Vani is transcendental undifferentiated sound and is the source of root ideas or germ thoughts. It is not within the reach of ordinary consciousness. Nada Yogis claim that Para Nada is a high frequency sound, so high that it does not stir or produce vibrations; it is a still sound. These subtle sounds make the body or states of Kundali Devi in Muladhara Chakra. All 50 Sanskrit letters exist in the body of Kundali in the progressively evolving states of Para Vani, Pasyanti, Madhyama, and Vaikhari; the last being the articulated sound.

Dhvani (Dh + Vani) is latent sound waiting to be expressed in sound or letters. Dhvani of Kulakundalini undergoes Parinama (transformation) to become Veda in Isvara and sound

(Sabda) in Jiva. Latency is characteristic of Dhvani sound, while Vedas and Sabda reveal patency and meaning. Tantrics believe that the fetus, with the awakened Dhavani of Kundalini and the fifty letters of Sanskrit alphabet (A to Ksa), reflects its past lives in its mind's eyes and ears inside the womb. When the infant slides along with the passage of amniotic fluid into the outer world by the force of Prasava Vayu (labor wind), it utters its first cry with the expulsion of internal Dhvani through its windpipe and larynx, and all the nine doors of its body (two eyes, two ears, two nostrils, mouth, genital opening, and evacuative aperture) open to the outer world. As he is shoved from the womb into the outer world through the birth canal , the fetus forgets all entertained memories of pain and pleasure of previous lives during its sojourn in the womb. The chain of memory is fragmented and lost for ever during the birth process. The pain suffered by the fetus (here read as Jiva) is proportional to his Prarabda karmic sins of previous life.

(Considering the critical junctures in the life of man, birth is said to be one of the most important event because a lot of things can go wrong during birth. Tantrics attribute uneventful birth to good karma, while perinatal trauma or injury (pain) is considered as bad karma. Suffering from Karma, according to Tantrics, happens at appropriate times, places and circumstances and clears obstructions and impediments and leads the individual to liberation.) For the lucky ones, the perinatal pain from normal or traumatic birth may take the form of traumatic death in Tirthas (places of pilgrimage) leading to liberation. Remember the death of many pilgrims during melee in many religious gatherings. Woman suffers painful parturition not because the newborn child is responsible, but because she is resolving her own prarabda karma. Each person follows his or her own karmic path and when the paths of others intersect, there is pain and suffering or pleasure. An infant does not suffer on account of parturient mother and the latter does not suffer on account of the former; they follow their own paths which intersected at parturition. Consider what Bible says about parturition and the Karma of being a woman in the lineage of Eve. Eve ate first the forbidden fruit from the Tree of Good and Evil and later tempted Adam into eating the forbidden fruit. God, upon seeing Eve and Adam eat the fruits addressed Eve first and said that woman would always suffer in childbirth. God said, 'I will greatly multiply thy sorrow and thy conception; in sorrow thou shalt bring forth children.' Why do other women have to suffer from parturition simply because Eve ate the forbidden fruit and gave it to Adam? The Karma of Eve afflicts all women; it is a kind of karma attached to female gender. Science tells us that all humanity came from one African Eve and one African Adam. It looks as if that Bible itself believes in Karma, though it does not use a cognate word. Man did not get out of this

predicament scot-free. God said to him. 'In the sweat of thy face thou shalt eat bread, till thou return unto the ground.'. What Adam did afflicts all men, another example of Karma. It looks as if man got out of this mess with less suffering. In Hinduism, Karma afflicts and haunts only the doer. In Christianity it appears that Karma of Eve and Adam afflicts the whole human race. No wonder, we have to think of Karma of human race, a nation, a state, a county, a community, a family....

Maya is the unseen sweet enchanter and close companion, which forces sentiments of nearness between mother and child and takes the mind off the long journey to liberation or perdition. I have heard famous professors of Religion from the West with a string of Ph.Ds after their names and a loyal following fall into dismay and disbelief at this Hindu concept, which they don't understand. It is like the newborn infant who doesn't understand rocketry, brain surgery, moon landing, workings of a computer, the origin of the universe.... This Pluripotential Newborn Infant knows only one thing: rooting reflex to latch on to the teat or nipple. It takes a Yogi to figure out

all these Karmic highways, byways, sideways, service roads, entrances, exits, toll booths, intersections, roadblocks, detours.... One should not pooh-pooh something one does not understand and a Ph.D does not confer omniscience. Just state the matter and leave it at that. Indulge in exegesis of what you understand with limited human intelligence. Yogis have Higher Transcendental Intelligence and transcendental knowledge, wisdom and consciousness, far beyond human consciousness and understanding. What they say goes and what the professor says is Apara-vidya (mundane knowledge) useful to buy milk. A Yogi by definition is one who 'may accomplish by the mind all that may be done by means of these physical organs without the use of the latter'-- Woodroffe page 59 The Serpent Power. Simply put, he can see with eyes closed, hear with ears shut, taste without the use of the tongue.... Professor Lombroso records the case of a woman who, being blind, read with the tip of her ear, tasted with her knees and smelt with her toes.--page 60 IBID. What does it mean? Yogi may use any part of his body for a purpose directly not connected with it.

As the Jiva is buffeted and ravaged by waves and tsunamis of the sea of samsara, Sadhaka sheds rivers of tears, lays bare the inner recess of his heart and cries for help at the feet of Devi; he has failed in Sadhana and the fiery heat of Samsara has scorched him. Once he becomes a perfected Sadhaka, Mantrasakti confers all enjoyments (Bhoga) which others receive from wife, children, and wealth. Once a Sadhaka obtains Mantrasakti, there is no need for sastras and rituals; he graduated from Sabdabrahman to Parabrahman. When Brahmamayi's grace descends into the heart of Sadhaka, the Tejas (Light) of Mantra illuminates his spiritual heart dispelling the darkness of delusion (Moha) and ignorance (Avidya). Sadhaka enters into a state of Self-

realization which is Kaivalya, Samadhi, Turiya and or Nirvana.

The stages of sound from the most subtle to articulated sound have concordance with the evolution of Primal Being from Avyakta through Brahman, Isvara, Hiranyagarbha, and Virat, the last being the manifest world.

Para Vani manifests in Prana; Pasyanti manifests in the mind; and Yogi hears it in his inner ear; Madhyama manifests in Indriyas (organs -body language) and is the sound of the heart and not of the tongue; Vaikhari manifests in the throat as articulate speech. When the Yogi's mind, on ablation, becomes free of thoughts, he hears humming of bees, whooshing sound through the hollow of bamboo and so on followed by awakening of superconsciousness and receiving of Brahman knowledge.

Fifty Sanskrit letters form the Aksaras (imperishable, letter, word, sound), the body of Mother Goddess, Kundalini. Sound has form as in voiceprint. Voiceprint = a graphic representation of a person's voice, showing the component frequencies as analyzed by a sound spectrograph. In like manner, Sound has color (Varna = color, character): red, white, blue, yellow and more. The Yogis visualize the letters in colors. This is Synesthesia, which the modern neurologists are discovering now. These sounds (50) are Matrika, Mother of all sounds; they are also the Mother of the universe of matter and beings. Let me explain the colors as follows. Cardiac Doppler Color Flow imaging shows the red blood flow (oxygenated blood) from the left heart and the

blue blood (deoxygenated blood) from the right heart. When they mix in the heart or elsewhere one knows that there is a cardiac defect, septal defect or fistula. As you know the colors on Doppler are computer-generated.

Mantra is a magical formula based on a sound, a syllable, a word, a phrase or a verse, which, when chanted in silence, solo, or chorus, creates wholesome vibrations and energy.

Mantra is the sound-body of a god or goddess; Yantra depicts the sound-body in a diagram. Mantra = (Man = is to think or meditate + Tra = is to protect.) Yantra = instrument, engine, apparatus, amulet with mystical diagram endowed with protective occult powers. An image of the Deity is Pratima (gross); Yantra, Suksma (subtle) and mantra, Para (Supreme). Yantra is a geometrical depiction of divinity in the form of a drawing, engraving, or painting on copper, silver, gold, birch, bone, crystal, hide, paper or Saligrama. Saligrama is a natural outcropping from earth with natural sacred signs. It could be Vishnu or Linga stone (before it is sanctified). Stalagmites and river stones are also included in Saligrama. Mantra is the soul of Yantra; worship in Yantra pleases the Goddess. Yantra restrains, regulates, modulates, subdues, and sublimates all miseries born of desire, anger, hate, greed, love and other entities. Worship without Yantra brings curse from the Deity. While worshipping the Deities, the deity-specific Mantra and Yantra with all the attendant rituals and paraphernalia come into play by design, guaranteeing the proper respect and reverence to the deity. Invocation of one deity and worship of another brings the wrath of both offended deities. The Inner power (Antahsakti) comes into full force in worship with all its rituals. All this comes about under instructions from the Guru. Mantras come into use for Worship, Communication, Rewards, Powers, Avoidance and Expulsion, Cures, Detoxification, Manipulation, Control, Purification, inflicting injury, and other purposes.

1. Worship involves the three primary Gods, Goddesses, other minor devatas (gods). Communication with Gods is for obtaining Siddhis, magical powers, worldly wealth, and

liberation.

2. Avoiding, warding of and expulsion of evil, devil, and ghosts, Exorcism. 3. Material and other rewards.

4. Power, yogic powers come under Yoga. 5. Cure, Ability to cure diseases.

6. Detoxification, ability to rid the body of poison in man and animals. 7. Manipulation of actions and thoughts of other people.

8. Control minor deities, men, animals, and ghosts. 9. Purification, both internal and external.

10. Magical powers, minor, and major as in eight magical powers of Yogis. 11. Liberation from samsara.

Inflicting punishment or injury by Mantra is evil and a double-edged sword, which could bring harm to the Mantra invoker. It is like digging a grave for one's enemy and paradoxically getting interred in it.

Phetkarini and other Tantras are devoted to mantras that help Sadaka acquire special powers (Siddhas) listed below:

Santi (Peace), Vasa-kriya or -karana (subduing or subjugation), Marana (death), Ucchatana (ruining an adversary), Ksobana (causing agitation), Mohana (causing confusion), Dravana (Putting to fight) , Stambhana (Immobilization and paralysis), and Vidvesana (Stirring up hatred).

Phet-kaarini = howling one (here, goddess).

If you take a second look at the above list, this is what nations do in war (and peace). In this article elsewhere, other siddhis are described: Anima, Mahima, Laghima, Prapti, Prakamya, Isitva, Vashistva, and Kamarutattva.

The mind acquires special powers by birth, drug, Mantra, Tapam or Samadhi. Krishna is an example of birth conferring special powers. Drug is a well-known modifier of mind and mood as known in modern times among Drug Gurus; Tantra Sastras mention use of

herbs for modifying the mind. Mantra, Tapam, and Samadhi are the non-pharmacological way of attaining Oneness with Brahman. Mantra, among Tantrics, lays down new

circuits in the brain, so they can rise above human consciousness, tap into

Superconsciousness, develop special powers, become One with the Supreme in Samadhi and experience Sat Chit and Ananda (Being, Consciousness, and Bliss).

The power of Mantra is of two kinds: Vasaka Sakti and Vakya Sakti. Vasaka Sakti is to realize Saguna Brahman and Vakya Sakti is to realize Nirguna Brahman. Hell is home for him who thinks that Guru is a mere mortal, that Mantras are mere words, and images are mere stones.

Mantra confers True Knowledge of the universe and liberation from Samsara. The knowledge that we gain in arts and sciences is not real knowledge (Apara Vidya); true knowledge is Brahmavidya (Para Vidya) and Brahmanda: Knowledge of Brahman and universe. A Guru is necessary for initiation into Mantra, who knows its inner workings. Guru communicates and transfers his boundless energy to the pupil by sight, silence, thought, word and deed. The pupil becomes dvija, twice born in the sense that upon initiation he is born again in spirit. When the Guru initiates a sisya (pupil), energy passes from the Guru's body to that of Sisya and the Guru has to perform Tapas to recoup the lost energy. A smile is an example of transfer of felicitous, benign and supportive energy from the mother (Guru) to the child (pupil), who immediately receives and reciprocates that energy.

Christianity is of the view that our first birth is physical and our second birth is

spiritual. In Tantric System, there is no race or class difference; all humanity is entitled to