Dificuldad de giro de la taza

Chapter 1 provides the introduction and background of the research for the development of a theoretical framework and understanding of the problems of national culture, organisational culture and organisational effectiveness in private sector organisations.

Chapter 2 after providing a brief introduction to the research in Chapter 1, there is a critical literature review of the constructs and their relationship with each other. Therefore, chapter 2 is organised in four parts, which present the literature review based on national culture, organisational culture, leadership style and organisational effectiveness. After reviewing the literatures related to these constructs, the gaps existing in the literature were highlighted in relation to the aims and objectives of this research. Reviewing previous model enables the research to select an appropriate model and construct(s) to develop the conceptual framework in the next chapter.

Chapter 3’s main aim is to fill the gaps reported in Chapter 2 by utilising what was discussed in the previous chapter to build a theoretical model of the culture-effectiveness relationship. Therefore, the researcher proposes a conceptual framework based on previous literature that explains the relationship between organisational culture and organisational effectiveness and the impact of leadership style as a mediator and national culture and organisational size as moderators. This chapter starts with the development of the theoretical framework of this research and is followed by a discussion of the theoretical linkage between constructs followed by proposing hypotheses related to that linkage.

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Chapter 4 - having defined and proposed a theoretical framework in the previous chapter, Chapter 4 is devoted to describing and justifying the methodology used for this study, which includes a discussion of the study setting, the research design and method. Furthermore, in this chapter the sampling technique, design and administration of the survey as well as the data analysis method and the appropriate statistical techniques adopted for analysis are presented. This chapter includes pre-study and pilot study findings and their implications for the main study as well as the result of descriptive findings using SPSS 18.

Chapter 5 presents the analysis of an empirical assessment of the research model presented in Chapter 3. The main purpose of this chapter is to present a statistical analysis of the data collected as well as testing the hypotheses proposed in Chapter 3. Finally, the main study data analysis is presented including the descriptive statistics and hypotheses testing of the main study.

Chapter 6 describes the result of the study and interprets the findings in the light of implications for theory and practice. Therefore, in this chapter the detailed synthesis and discussion of the findings obtained in Chapter 5 is provided by relating the findings to the previous literature in order to rationalise the aim and objectives of this study.

Finally, Chapter 7 finalises and concludes this study’s findings by discussing the theoretical, practical and methodological contribution as well as the study’s limitations. Finally, the end this chapter presents the research novelty and future study and recommendations.

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CHAPTER 2

Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter builds upon the last chapter, which presents the theoretical background of this study and provides support for the rationale and framework of this study. This chapter aims to review and explore the background perspective and importance of the relevant literature relating to the major constructs of this study including national culture, organisational culture, leadership style and organisational effectiveness in order to identify the domain of the research problem and gaps which exist in the literature as well as to build foundations for developing the conceptual framework presents in the next chapter. It includes definitions, criteria, and approaches of the constructs of this study. In addition, this chapter provides an overview of the CVF in relation to organisational culture and organisational effectiveness.

This chapter has been divided into four sections and in each section; there is a review of the prominent models related to the domain that are widely accepted. The first section concerns national culture literatures (2.2 to 2.5) including definition, perception about national culture, approaches, and national culture studies in Iran. The next section is dedicated to organisational culture (2.6 to 2.13) including definition, formation of organisational culture, approaches, theories and typologies of organisational culture, assessing the strength of organisational culture, and organisational culture and Iranian studies. The third section is concerned with organisational effectiveness (2.14 to 2.21) which includes definitions, criteria of organisational effectiveness, factor contributes to organisational effectiveness, models of organisational effectiveness, measuring organisational effectiveness, impact of organisational culture on effectiveness, and, finally, organisational culture and effectiveness using CVF. Finally, the last section of this chapter is dedicated to leadership style (2.22 to 2.27) which includes a definition, importance of leadership, situational theory, leadership style, leadership style and organisational effectiveness, and leadership style in Iran.

An examination of the previous theories and models would help researchers to select an appropriate theory or theories and model or models based on their strength and weaknesses to

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reach better results. Also, this chapter discusses the various schools of thought in the organisation theory and provides a background and explanation of the theories that have been used in this study.