1.3. Comprensión lectora
1.3.4. Estrategias para mejorar la comprensión lectora
World Bank. n.d. World Bank Operational Manual. Washington, DC: World Bank
UNIT 3 GENDER ROLES IN MONITORING AND
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MAIN CONTENTS
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Gender roles in monitoring and evaluation in agriculture
Women are major players in agriculture and rural development especially in area of agricultural wage labourers as well as unpaid workers on family farms. Despite their roles in agricultural development, yet they are usually not given equal considerations when agricultural programmes are planned, implemented, or monitored. Much attention as not been paid to gender roles in monitoring and evaluation in agriculture by stakeholder in programme planning and implementation. The roles of men and women farmers that the programme is designed for are invisible. In order to achieve expected success in agricultural and rural development programmes, steps need to be taken to integrate rural men and women in such programmes. If they are involved the planning, implementation, or monitoring of the programmes, improvement will be seen both in project and programme outcomes and in society as a whole.
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Reasons for integrating a gender dimension into monitoring and evaluation
Reasons for integrating a gender dimension into monitoring and evaluation are to:• examine the role play by men and women in M&E
• assess the extent to which a project has achieved improvements in the lives and overall social and economic well-being of men and women
• provides feedback during the process of implementation
• improve project performance during implementation
• facilitates midterm adjustments • derive lessons for future projects.
3.3 Condition to follows when integrating gender into monitoring and evaluation
In order to in ensure proper gender mainstreaming in M&E in any agricultural programmes following condition need be followed:
• Ensure that sound guidelines are in place to support sound gender sensitive M&E at national, local, and project levels.
• Ensure that the goals or objectives of the programme or project reflect both women‘s and men‘s needs and priorities.
• Establish M&E mechanisms that will collect baseline data and record and track gender differences.
• Ensure that staff in charge of the project or programme make specific and adequately detailed references to gender in implementation Status and report writing of the findings.
• Ensure adequate training of the institutions and staff in charge of execution of the projects when carrying out M&S in a bid to obtain and understand the reasons for gender-sensitive monitoring.
Orientation Document
3.4 Constraints to gender issues in M&E
Gender is insufficiently considered in M&E for several reasons, including the following:
• Insufficient attention from policy maker: M&E itself is given insufficient attention, and its usefulness is little understood.
• Gender blindness: The leadership of agricultural programmes and projects may be gender blind. Program managers and staff may not see gender as having any importance in achieving the programme‘s results or its ultimate purpose.
• The work of M&E is been considered as gender neutral: Women are not always carried along in the designing programmes and when carrying out M&E by organisation and field staff in charge of monitoring and evaluation. Even if Women‘s are there, their opinions may be considered insignificant, because women are often not present in meetings or are not confident to speak up which may be as a result of culture and tradition. In some tradition it is taboo for women to talk when there husbands are there.
• Cost and time consuming: Collection of gender quantitative data are usually programmed along with the project or programme, so it is often collected separately for a programme or project, which can be costly and time consuming.
(i) M& E not always considered at the programme design stage: If gender has not been considered at the programme design stage, it may be forgotten during implementation.
(v) Project implementer and external project supervisors and evaluators do not considered gender in the programme implementation, monitoring and evaluation, so it is easily forgotten in agricultural developmental programmes.
3.5 Solution to constraints on gender issues in M&E
• Sufficient training in the purpose and objectives of gendersensitive monitoring would ensure that the time, funds, and human resources are committed to performing this task and that the results are used.
• Monitoring and evaluation should be considered at designing state of the programme or project so that it will not be forgotten during implementation stage.
• Sufficient attention need to the given to M&E from policy maker
• Men and Women should always be carried along in the designing programmes and when carrying out M&E by organisation and field staff in charge of monitoring and evaluation.
SELF-ASSIGNMENT EXERCISE
Explain reasons why gender dimension need to be integrated in into monitoring and evaluation of agricultural programmes and projects.
4.0 CONCLUSION
Gender is insufficiently considered in M&E despite it played major roles in agricultural development. To ensure proper gender mainstreaming in M&E throughout the project cycle and at all levels, gender has to be considered at the programme design stage to implementation stage.
5.0 SUMMARY
In this unit, the follow points are noticeable:
• In view of abundant roles played by farmers towards agricultural production, the roles of men and women farmers in planning, implementation and monitoring of the developmental programme is designed to better their living for are invisible.
• In order to achieve expected success in agricultural and rural development programmes, steps need to be taken to integrate rural men and women in such programmes
• In order to integrate gender dimension into monitoring and evaluation there is to examine the role play by men and women in M&E, assess the extent to which a project has achieved improvements in the lives and overall social and economic wellbeing of women and men, provides feedback during the process of implementation.
• Constraints to gender issues in M&E include insufficient attention from policy maker,
gender blindness, cost and time consuming and M& E not always considered at the programme design stage
• For agricultural programmes effective there is need to involve gender sensitivity at the planning, implementation, or monitoring of the programmes,
6.0 TUTOR-MARKED ASSIGNMENT
• Briefly discuss reasons why gender is insufficiently considered in Monitoring and evaluation of agricultural programmes
• explain what required to ensuring proper gender mainstreaming in M&E throughout the project cycle.
7.0 REFERENCES/FURTHER READING
The World Bank (2021) Integrating a Gender Dimension into Monitoring & Evaluation of Rural Development Projects. Prepared by: Lucía Fort, Beatriz Leilani Martínez and Madhuchhanda Mukhopadhyay. The World Bank Washington,
DC http://www.worldbank.org/gender
World Bank/ International Fund for Agricultural Development (2012) Gender in Agriculture. Gender in agriculture Source book
World Bank. n.d. World Bank Operational Manual. Washington, DC: World Bank