Evaluador
4. Dirigiendo los cambios: Quién es creativo en esta área de la creatividad, quizá su fortaleza no sea tanto la originalidad en el producto en sí, sino en la conducción del cambio, en el guiar a otros en la
5.9 Estructura del Sistema de Gestión
How can you identify the root causes of a child’s depression and steer him toward help? Since much of adolescent depression is a reaction to a combination of stress factors, you can begin by considering the following questions. Be alert to the fact that several yes answers in combination over the past year can indicate that your child is especially vulnerable to depression.
1. Has your child experienced the loss of an important family member or friend during the last year?
2. Have you and your spouse had significant marital problems resulting in prolonged conflict or tension?
3. Are you and your child’s other parent divorced? If so, is your child often asked to relay messages from one parent to the other? Have you communicated to your son that he’s now the man of the house?
4. Has your child switched schools with little or no access to old friends?
5. Does your teenager have a chronic illness that limits his activity and/or isolates him?
6. Do you have high expectations of your child and find yourself
disappointed—allowing your child to know that he failed to reach your expectation?
7. Is someone in your family very critical of your son? Is he often referred to as the “difficult one”?
8. Are you a strict or rigid parent with a low tolerance for conflict or disagreements?
9. Are you overly permissive, with very few rules and regulations?
10. Do you communicate either verbally or nonverbally that expressing anger is not tolerated in your home?
11. Does your teenager seem to often be the target of criticism, teasing, or indifference from peers?
1 2. Does your teenager have difficulty making and maintaining friendships?
iii. ComPRehension CheCk
Read each question. Circle the best answer.1. This excerpt is about how to identify depression in people in which age group?
a.
teens/adolescentsb.
elderly2. What can help you identify if your child is vulnerable to depression?
a.
focusing on your child’s appearanceb.
considering your child’s stress factors3. Which of the following is more likely to cause depression?
a.
loss of an important family memberb.
losing a card game4. According to the excerpt, which could be a symptom of depression?
a.
difficulty with making plans with friendsb.
difficulty concentrating on homework5. According to the excerpt, which is not a symptom of depression?
a.
fatigueb.
doing well at sportsBe aware that boys act out depression through many behaviors, some of which look different from classical depression. Even if your son isn’t especially vulnerable to depression based on the above questions, pay close attention to any symptoms of depression you may notice, including:
• Fatigue
• Loss of pleasure in activities he previously enjoyed
• Increased intensity
• Increased aggression
• New interest in “self-medication” (alcohol or drugs)
• Shift in interest level in sexual encounters
• Harsh self-criticism
• Difficulty concentrating
• Denial of pain
• Overinvolvement with academic work or sports
Source: Why Boys Don’t Talk—And Why It Matters, by Susan Morris Shaffer and Linda Perlman Gordon, New York: McGraw-Hill, 2005
iV. VoCabulaRy building A.
Verbs and nounsThese words can be used as verbs or nouns. Write one word in each sentence.
Use correct verb form.
alert shift access switch steer stress
1.
a.
He works on the night _________________.b.
He _________________ his ideas later in life.2.
a.
We couldn’t _________________ the house through the back.b.
There’s no _________________ to the lake if you drive down this street.3.
a.
We have to _________________ the police about the lost dog.b.
The nurse kept _________________ for any change in the patient’s condition.4.
a.
We tried to _________________ the cart in a different direction.b.
_________________ are raised on farms in Wisconsin.5.
a.
Her poor relationship with her manager is causing her a lot of ________.b.
The dentist __________________ the importance of flossing your teeth.6.
a.
The light _________________ is on the wall.b.
I _________________ doctors last year.B.
Idiomsthe man of the house = chief male in the house, or man in charge of the house and responsible for taking care of the family
This idiom often refers to a son who becomes the head of a household due to the displacement of a father because of death, divorce, or having to go off to work someplace far away.
Copy the sentence from the text with this idiom.
V. undeRstanding gRammaR: the PResent PeRfeCt A.
Read about the present perfectThe name “present perfect” can be confusing because it’s a tense that deals with the past, not the present. The present perfect joins the past with the present. It deals with actions or states that took place continuously or repeatedly in the past and have continued up to the present time. These actions may or may not continue into the future.
Affirmative Statements
• The past participle of a regular verb has the same form as the simple past:
verb + -d/-ed.
• Irregular verbs have different past participle forms. Here is an example of six common irregular verbs and their past tenses:
Base Form Simple Past Past Participle
be was/were been
Using the following table, create eight logical sentences in the present perfect:
four affirmative statements, and four questions.
subject have/has past participle
she/he have was/were for a long time
you has taught to the movies
we learned English
they went sick
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Vi. Read it again
Read the article again. Answer the question.
What are three stress factors that could cause depression?
1.
2.
3.