EXTRACCIÓ I VENTILACIÓ

The Austrian government in its 2017–2022 government program stated that “new digital technologies like AI, robotics, and blockchain will have unforeseeable effects on our society.”42 It envisages the use of AI in public administration and therefore wants to establish a legal framework in order to “use innovative, new business models and technologies for the development of society while simultaneously safeguarding the data autonomy/sovereignty of citizens and consumers.”43 In 2017, the Austrian Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation, and Technology (BMVIT) established the Austrian Council for Robotics and Artificial Intelligence (Österreichischer Rat für

lex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=cellar:cc6ab6e7-59d2-11e8-ab41-01aa75ed71a1.0003.02/DOC_1&format=PDF, archived at http://perma.cc/8F7T-UWFC.

39 _{Commission Decision Updating the Working Programme in Relation to the Actions under Article 6(3) of Directive}

2010/40/EU, C (2018) 8264 final (Dec. 11, 2018), https://ec.europa.eu/transport/sites/transport/files/legislation/ c20188264_en.pdf, archived at http://perma.cc/H7S5-6HNE; Directive 2010/40/EU on the Framework for the Deployment of Intelligent Transport Systems, 2010 O.J. (L 207) 1, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/ EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32010L0040&from=EN, archived at http://perma.cc/Q6XT-X4YP.

40 _{European External Action Service (EEAS), Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons – Group of}

Governmental Experts – Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems. EU Statement Group of Governmental Experts Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons Geneva, 27–31 August 2018,

https://eeas.europa.eu/headquarters/headquarters-homepage/49763/convention-certain-conventional-weapons-group- governmental-experts-lethal-autonomous-weapons_en, archived at http://perma.cc/H7FL-W7DZ.

41 _Id.

42 _{Zusammen. Für unser Österreich. Regierungsprogramm 2017–2022 [Together. For Our Austria. Government}

Program 2017–2022], at 75, https://www.bundeskanzleramt.gv.at/documents/131008/569203/Regierungs programm_2017–2022.pdf/b2fe3f65-5a04-47b6-913d-2fe512ff4ce6, archived at http://perma.cc/K8AQ-VM4Z

(translation by author).

Regulation of Artificial Intelligence: Europe and Central Asia

Robotik und künstliche Intelligenz).44 The Council consists of nine experts from research, academia, and business. The inaugural meeting took place on October 24, 2017. Its primary mandate is to assist the BMVIT in developing an AI and robotics strategy, but it is also authorized to independently address essential technological, economic, social, and legal questions in this area, and issue recommendations.45 The process for developing a federal AI strategy under the auspices of the BMVIT with participation from the Federal Ministry for Digital and Economic Affairs (BMDW) is slated to be concluded in the third quarter of 2019.46 _{The full strategy will be based}

on the White Paper published by the Austrian Council for Robotics and Artificial Intelligence47 and the Artificial Intelligence Mission Austria 2030.48

II. Autonomous Vehicles

In 2016, Austria amended its Motor Vehicles Act to allow the use of automated or networked vehicle systems.49 These systems may be used if they are either permitted or fulfill certain conditions established by regulation for test purposes. However, the law provides that the driver must remain responsible to take over the driving functions if necessary.50 Autonomous vehicles

44 _{Österreichischer Rat für Robotik und künstliche Intelligenz [Austrian Council for Robotics and Artificial}

Intelligence], Bundesministeriums für Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie [BMVIT] [Austrian Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation, and Technology], https://www.bmvit.gv.at/innovation/forschungspolitik/robotikrat.html

(last visited Nov. 15, 2018), archived at http://perma.cc/7YXD-49V9.

45 _Id.

46 _{Anfragebeantwortung durch den Bundesminister für Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie Ing. Norbert Hofer zu}

der schriftlichen Anfrage (1101/J) der Abgeordneten Stephanie Cox, BA, Kolleginnen und Kollegen an den Bundesminister für Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie betreffend „AI Strategie und neue Datenpolitik für Österreich“ [Answer from the Federal Minister for Transport, Innovation, and Technology Engineer Nobert Hofer to the Written Request (1101/J) of the Representative Stephanie COX, BA, Colleagues to the Federal Minister for Transport, Innovation, and Technology re “AI Strategy and New Data Policy for Austria”], no. 1087/AB (Aug. 21, 2018), at 4, https://www.parlament.gv.at/PAKT/VHG/XXVI/AB/AB_01087/imfname_707510.pdf, archived at

http://perma.cc/T6SJ-AFCE.

47 _{ÖSTERREICHISCHER RAT FÜR ROBOTIK UND KÜNSTLICHE INTELLIGENZ [AUSTRIAN COUNCIL FOR ROBOTICS AND}

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE],DIE ZUKUNFT ÖSTERREICHS MIT ROBOTIK UND KÜNSTLICHER INTELLIGENZ POSITIV GESTALTEN.WHITE PAPER DES ÖSTERREICHISCHEN RATS FÜR ROBOTIK UND KÜNSTLICHE INTELLIGENZ [CREATING A

POSITIVE FUTURE FOR AUSTRIA WITH ROBOTICS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.WHITE PAPER OF THE [AUSTRIAN

COUNCIL FOR ROBOTICS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (Nov. 2018), https://www.acrai.at/images/download/ ACRAI_whitebook_online_2018.pdf, archived at http://perma.cc/TF56-NX38.

48_{BMVIT&BMDV,AIM AT 2030.ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MISSION AUSTRIA 2030, https://www.bmvit.gv.at/}

innovation/publikationen/ikt/downloads/aimat_ua.pdf, archived at http://perma.cc/LJ45-YCF6.

49 _{Bundesgesetz über das Kraftfahrwesen [Kraftfahrgesetz 1967] [KFG 1967] [Motor Vehicles Act 1967], June 23,}

1967, BUNDESGESETZBLATT [BGBL.][FEDERAL LAW GAZETTE] 1968, no. 267, as amended, § 102, paras. 3a, 3b,

http://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung/Bundesnormen/20009740/AutomatFahrV, Fassung vom 09.11.2018.pdf

archived at http://perma.cc/2FRR-4RMD; Verordnung des Bundesministers für Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie über Rahmenbedingungen für automatisiertes Fahren [Automatisiertes Fahren Verordnung]

[AutomatFahrV] [Regulation on Automated Driving], BGBL. II 2016, No. 402, as amended, https://www.ris.bka. gv.at/GeltendeFassung/Bundesnormen/20009740/AutomatFahrV, Fassung vom 09.11.2018.pdf, archived at

http://perma.cc/8JWZ-FNL6.

Regulation of Artificial Intelligence: Europe and Central Asia

may only be tested on the road if they have car insurance and transmit certain data to the BMVIT.51 Test drives on public roads may only be conducted after the vehicles have been tested sufficiently in advance.52 _{The results of the tests must be transmitted to the BMVIT after the end of the trial}

period.53 Information on critical situations, accidents, and their causes must be reported without undue delay.54 In addition, all test vehicles with automated or networked systems must be equipped with an accident data recorder that must be activated during all test drives.55