Abstract
This article focuses on the contemporary reality of each person. It shows media as an important element of one’s current education. The school must be innovative, must change, provide the possibility of mass media instrumental use, and cultural perceptions. The article presents the reality in which young people seek identity, often without taking into account the authority of parents, church or school. The positive and negative aspects of mass culture were shown and described, in which a man loses himself, often without wondering where it's going.
Key words: popular culture, mass media, education, technical innovations Introduction
Nowadays, we are all in motion. In a world we live, it seems that distance, language barriers or time does not matter. There is no "natural borders" - regardless of where at the moment we are in, we always know that we could be in any other place, we can find out everything you want, to communicate with whoever we want around the world. And all of it through mass media. Media in the present life are of great importance for the development and education of children, adolescents and adults. Education and popular culture
Education is a process, which involves the transmission from generation to generation of cultural heritage. This includes, knowledge, system of values, skills, etc.. Process is carried out mainly through the family, school and the mass media. The role
of media in society, including education and, in particular parallel education, is still growing. They are the main source of information about the world, create the image and define the scope of contacts with contemporary culture, shape tastes and attitudes (Gajda, 2002, p.63).
The world is changing, has been dominated by mass culture, the culture of instant immediacy. In contrast, transience and constant change seems to be natural. Mass culture merges with high culture and the media often no longer show reality but create it. There is a lack of authority and ideas, only 'everyday' matters. In our lives we meet and get to know more people, but the contacts are superficial, often in virtual reality through social networking sites. We live in a world that at the end of the twentieth century is best symbolized by bulimia, Viagra and AIDS, Michael Jackson and Madonna. Culture is spinning, it seems almost that "everything can be all"
and postmodern idea of intertextuality finds its full realization (Melosik, 2000, p. 59). Today, for the younger generation actors, celebrities and athletes are personal authorities and models to follow. "This is not a teacher of mathematics, and the Lady teaching literature, but the superstars of film and stage are shaping the role models; it is not the content of The Doll by Boleslaw Prus or threnodies by Jan Kochanowski is discussed on the long break, but the articles printed in Cosmopolitan and survival strategies of the latest blockbuster video game". (Melosik, 2008, p. 68). The 21st century began a new era in which nothing is so obvious, it has a close relationship with the widely understood popular culture.
Determinants of mass culture
Zbyszko Melosik states that the popular culture is becoming one of the most important factors of socialization. He accurately analyzes its successive dimensions, including describing it as a culture of consumption, instant, disguised and cult of the body and sexuality. We meet with a situation in which traditional institutions like family, school, church, lose their authority, and their role is taken over mostly by peer group, mass media and pervasive mass / popular culture. The author describes in detail the paradoxes of pop culture. It states that we live in times of mass culture, with the famous slogan "fast food- fast sex- fast car" (Melosik, 2004, p. 69). We live within the immediacy, focused on the cult of the body where it is important to be the owner of a beautiful body and young age. The contraction of time and space occurs. Identity becomes fluid and unstable, associated only with the ever increasing pace of events focused only on the hedonistic satisfaction.
Dominika Czajkowska – Ziobrowska rightly says that the currently for the modern youth the biggest problem is to build their own identity. In previous eras this problem does not exist, because persistent patterns existed. The young man became like his ancestors, elders today are losing their importance. Subcultures of youth peer group are formed and gain importance and youth is defined as a period in life where generational conflicts intensify with the lack of bonds and confusion. The process is favored by rapid socio - cultural changes. (Czajkowska-Ziobrowska, 2009, p.71).
In contemporary culture comes to the inevitable changes under the influence of increasing scientific and technical progress. Margareth Mead leads the distinction between postfigurative- culture in which children learn primarily from their parents, cofigurative- in which both children and adults learn from their peers and prefigurative- in which adults learn from their kids (Czajkowska-Ziobrowska, 2009 , p.70).
The mass media
One of the main charges against the mass media is presenting a false picture of reality. There are portrayed sensations rather tragic like crimes, pathologies, corruption, and controversial life of celebrities, often disproportionate to their co-occurrence. The consumer lifestyle is highlighted in which beauty, youth, success, wealth, pleasure and entertainment is the most important. However, the biggest charge is deculturalizatin by globalization and the growing strength of mass / popular culture. Popular culture (Lat. popularis- common; populus- people), popular and mass culture is disseminated by the mass media. It connects to mass reception, desire for profit and mass industrial technologies.
Information society
Media make today a global information society - a society of knowledge. It is not enough to know how to read and
understand the text, the ability to select it is necessary, verify the information that multiplies at an alarming rate. The role of education is to prepare the media for selective, active acceptance, as well as the creative use of them, which means the development of new educational programs disseminated by the media at the micro and macro scale (Gajda, 2002, p.71). Inevitable, therefore, will be further development of science and technology.
The contemporary school has to learn to see the meaning of the world, and searching one’s own purpose, own way in life in the face of European citizenship. Education must focus on popular culture, because it is pervasive, has impact on all people regardless of age, gender, education, religion and etc. Media technical education
An extremely important factor is to have technical competence of media. Media education is to fulfill the following objectives: production of intellectual distance to the information provided by the media; formation the recipient's ability to analyze information; acquire the ability to analyze information; acquire the ability to move among the wide range of information, accurate extraction of data needed for decision-making; gaining knowledge about the media, their language, workshop of creating a media statement; acquisition of competence to recognize the ideological profiles of the media, their origins, the emergence and development, as well as the ownership structure; acquire the skills to maintain own identity and control over own actions within the network (Koziel, 2008).
It is worth to mention that despite the widely recognized general availability of the goods of modern culture there are still barriers to the free use of it on economic grounds. This has been related to the reproduction of cultural capital, and the fact that not everyone in a satisfactory manner may possess technical media competence, which in its own way also reveals stratifying role of media education today.
Conclusion
Nowadays, education should be connected with mass culture, education must be innovative. Education can be summarized as: complex of classes covering the use of culture according to the needs of its users and according to their ways of understanding the culture (Burszta, 2002, p.71). What is needed is a change in the terms of the comprehension of connection between popular culture and education proposed by various authors, where education is to make sense of human identity and an forming the aspect of culture. Also important are efforts to get out of the trap of ambiguous determination of culture as better or worse.
Bibliography
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dr Katarzyna Krygier dr Agnieszka Otto
Wyzsza Szkola Zdrowia, Urody i Edukacji w Poznaniu, Poľsko e-mail: [email protected]
PARADOXES OF THE SACRUM AND THE PROFANE OF TECHNOCRATIC SOCIAL ENGINEERING