JERÓNIMO USERA Y SU ÉPOCA

This subpart explains the purpose and scope, definitions, petitions for issuance, amendment, and repel of a standard in 29 CFR 1910. The purpose of these standards is to make the workplace safer and healthier. The subpart explains the applicability of the OSHA standards relevant to the workplaces covered, the geographic location covered, and specific entities (i.e., federal agencies) not covered. It also lists regu-lations that have been incorporated in this standard by reference into 29 CFR 1910 as well as the requirements for nationally recognized testing laboratories.

Checklist

_____Do you want to see a standard issued, amended, or repealed?

_____Does this standard include your operation or business?

_____Are you interested in the requirements for nationally recognized testing laboratories?

_____Do you want to order a copy of a standard incorporated by reference into 29 CFR 1910?

Sections of Subpart A Regulation 1910.1 Purpose and scope 1910.2 Definitions

1910.3 Petitions for the issuance, amendment, or repeal of a standard 1910.4 Amendments to this part

1910.5 Applicability of standards 1910.6 Incorporation by reference

1910.7 Definition and requirements for a nationally recognized testing laboratory 1910.8 OMB control numbers under the Paperwork Reduction Act

8.1.2 SUBPARTB—ADOPTION AND EXTENSION OFESTABLISHED

FEDERALSTANDARDS

Subpart B adopts and extends the applicability of established federal standards to every employer, employee, and place of employment covered by the act. Only standards relating to safety or health are adopted into this act. This also pertains to any facility engaging in construction, alterations, or repair, including painting and decorating.

The Construction Safety Act adopts as occupational safety and health standards under section 6 of the Act the standards that are prescribed in part 1926 of this chapter. Thus, the standards (substantive rules) published in Subpart C and the

following subparts of part 1926 of this chapter are applied. This section does not incorporate subparts A and B of part 1926 of this chapter.

Adoption and extension of established safety and health standards for shipyard employment and the standards prescribed by part 1915 (formerly parts 1501–1503) of this title and in effect from April 28, 1971 (as revised) are adopted as occupational safety or health standards under section 6(a) of the Act and shall apply, according to the provisions thereof, to every employment and place of employment of every employee engaged in ship repair, shipbreaking, and shipbuilding, or a related employment.

Part 1918 of this chapter shall apply exclusively, according to the provisions thereof, to all employment of every employee engaged in longshoring operations, marine terminals, or related employment aboard any vessel. All cargo transfer accomplished with the use of shore-based material-handling devices shall be gov-erned by part 1917 of this chapter.

Workplaces that expose workers to asbestos, tremolite, anthophyllite, and acti-nolite dust; vinyl chloride; acrylonitrile; inorganic arsenic; lead; benzene; ethylene oxide; 4,4⁰-methylenedianiline; formaldehyde; cadmium; 1,3-butadiene; and methy-lene chloride are covered by appropriate 1910 standards.

Checklist

_____Are construction activities taking place?

_____Is shipyard employment occurring?

_____Is longshoring taking place?

_____Are workers exposed to the hazardous chemicals mentioned here?

Sections of Subpart B Regulation 1910.11 Scope and purpose 1910.12 Construction work 1910.15 Shipyard employment

1910.16 Longshoring and marine terminals 1910.17 Effective dates

1910.18 Changes in established federal standards 1910.19 Special provisions for air contaminants 8.1.3 SUBPARTC—[REMOVED ANDRESERVED] 1910.20 [Redesignated as 1910.1020]

8.1.4 SUBPARTD—WALKING–WORKINGSURFACES

This subpart addresses the requirements for maintaining walking and working surfaces. Subpart D applies to all permanent places of employment. It contains regulations pertaining to housekeeping, aisles and passageways, guarding wall and floor openings, fixed stairs, portable wood and metal ladders, fixed ladders, scaf-folding, and manually propelled mobile ladder stands and scaffolds from frame to suspended types as well as dockboards, forging machine areas, and veneering machine areas (see Figure 8.1).

Checklist

_____Do you use dockboards?

_____Do you have forging machines or veneering machines at your site?

_____Is attention paid to housekeeping?

_____Are therefloor and wall openings or holes at your facility?

_____Do you have manually propelled mobile ladder stands and scaffolds?

_____Do your workers use scaffolds in the performance of their work?

_____Do you own scaffolds?

_____Do you enforce housekeeping?

_____Do you erect, tear down, or maintain scaffolds?

_____Are you responsible for training workers regarding scaffolds and their safety?

_____Are there scaffolds on your worksite?

_____Do your workers use ladders in performing their work?

_____Are your workers required to ascend and descend industrial stairs?

_____Does your company own ladders?

_____Do your workers have to climbfixed ladders?

Sections of Subpart D Regulation 1910.21 Definitions

1910.22 General requirements

1910.23 Guardingfloor and wall openings and holes 1910.24 Fixed industrial stairs

FIGURE 8.1 Secured portable ladder.

1910.25 Portable wood ladders 1910.26 Portable metal ladders 1910.27 Fixed ladders

1910.28 Safety requirements for scaffolding

1910.29 Manually propelled mobile ladder stands and scaffolds (towers) 1910.30 Other working surfaces

8.1.5 SUBPARTE—EXITROUTES, EMERGENCYACTIONPLANS,

AND FIREPREVENTION PLANS

This subpart deals specifically with providing a safe continuous and unobstructed means of exit and the design, construction, and maintenance to assure an open travelway from any point in a building or structure to a safe exit. The standard addresses exits by describing the make up of an exit, specific physical requirements for an exit, and the number of exits required. It requires the employer to comply with the National Fire Protection Association’s life safety code regarding safe exits. This subpart also contains the requirements essential to provide a safe means of exit from fire and like emergencies. The subpart sets forth the requirements for emergency action plans andfire prevention plans. Emergency action and fire prevention plans, which can assure adequate escape procedures, evacuation routes, alarm systems, and other emergency actions, are required (see Figure 8.2).

FIGURE 8.2 Well-designed emergency exit.

Checklist

_____Are exits designed to meet the NFPA life safety code?

_____Do exits meet the requirements of the regulation for construction?

_____Are exits maintained to meet their intended purpose?

_____Do you have an emergency action or escape plan or procedure?

_____Do you have afire prevention plan for your facility?

_____Are all exits unlocked and free from impediments?

_____Is there a safe means of exit for all your workers?

_____Are all exits designed to be visible and allow for a safety exit from your facility?

Sections of Subpart E Regulation 1910.33 Table of contents 1910.34 Coverage and definitions

1910.35 Compliance with the NFPA 101–2000, life safety code 1910.36 Design and construction requirements for exit routes

1910.37 Maintenance, safeguards, and operational features for exit routes 1910.38 Emergency action plans

1910.39 Fire prevention plans

Subpart E Appendix—Exit routes, emergency action plans and fire prevention plans

8.1.6 SUBPARTF—POWEREDPLATFORMS, MANLIFTS,AND VEHICLE-MOUNTED

WORK PLATFORMS

This subpart covers powered platform installations permanently dedicated to interior or exterior building maintenance of a specific structure or group of structures. It does not apply to suspended self-powered platforms used to service buildings as well as the guidelines for personal fall arrest systems. This subpart applies to all permanent installations completed after July 23, 1990 and contains information on powered platforms for building maintenance. Building maintenance covers a wide array of activities from window cleaning to engineering design of equipment as well as expressing the need to train workers. In addition, this section specifically addresses the requirements for vehicle-mounted elevating and rotating work platforms and manlifts.

Checklist

_____Do you provide fall protection for your workforce?

_____Are powered platforms used for building maintenance?

_____Do you have vehicle-mounted elevated and rotating work platforms?

_____Do you have manlifts?

Sections of Subpart F Regulation

1910.66 Powered platforms for building maintenance

1910.67 Vehicle-mounted elevating and rotating work platforms 1910.68 Manlifts

8.1.7 SUBPARTG—OCCUPATIONALHEALTH ANDENVIRONMENTALCONTROL

The standards in Subpart G deal with air quality, noise exposure exceeding 85 dB, and nonionizing radiation exposure in the workplace. Ventilation is specific for facilities that use abrasive blasting; facilities that have spray booths, or open surface tanks used for cleaning, and facilities with grinding, polishing, and buffing operations.

Checklist

_____Do you have ventilation issues caused by abrasive blasting?

_____Do you have ventilation issues caused by spray booths?

_____Do you have ventilation issues caused by open surface tanks?

_____Do you have ventilation issues caused by grinding, polishing, and buffing operations?

_____Do you have noise exposure in excess of the 85 dBA level?

_____Do you have a source of nonionizing radiation?

_____Does you company use any chemicals that could be considered hazardous?

_____Does your company have a medical officer for examinations, advice, or consultation?

_____Have you had injuries or illnesses that requirefirst aid?

_____Have you had to do environmental or air monitoring?

_____Do you provide drinking water to workers?

_____Do you provide for toilets and washing facilities?

_____Do you have high-noise worksites or tasks?

_____Do you have sources of ionizing or nonionizing (lasers) radiation at your worksites?

_____Do you do contracting jobs where chemical processes involving highly haz-ardous chemicals take place?

_____Do you use some form of ventilation to remove airborne contaminants?

_____Do you do hazardous waste remediation work?

_____Do you do night work or work in areas with limited light?

Sections of Subpart G Regulation 1910.94 Ventilation

1910.95 Occupational noise exposure 1910.96 [Redesignated as 1910.1096]

1910.97 Nonionizing radiation 1910.98 Effective dates

8.1.8 SUBPARTH—HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

Subpart H contains information on compressed gases, acetylene, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrous oxide,flammable and combustible liquids, spray finishing using flammable and combustible materials, dip tanks using flammable or combustible liquids, explosive and blasting agents, storage and handling of liquid petroleum gases, and storage and handling of anhydrous ammonia (see Figure 8.3). This section also covers process-safety management requirements of highly hazardous chemicals

and hazardous waste operations and emergency response. The final part of the regulation deals with dipping and coating processes.

Checklist

_____Do you use compressed gases?

_____Do you have acetylene, hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrous oxide on the premises?

_____Do you handle, use, or storeflammable or combustible liquids?

_____Do you have sprayfinishing operations with flammable or combustible liquids?

_____Do you have dip tanks usingflammable or combustible liquids?

_____Do you have highly hazardous chemicals or chemical processes?

_____Do you have workers trained to remediate hazardous chemicals or respond to HAZMAT situations?

_____Do you have dipping and coating operations?

_____Does your company have equipment used for explosives and blasting?

_____Do any of your workers perform explosive handling and blasting operations?

_____Do you have blasting materials on your jobsites?

_____Do you employ individuals who are qualified blasters?

_____Do you have a contract blaster doing your blasting operations?

_____Does your company contract to carry out blasting activities?

_____Does your company or workers transport explosives or blasting materials?

_____Do blasting activities occur on your jobsites or projects?

Sections of Subpart H Regulation

1910.101 Compressed gases (general requirements) 1910.102 Acetylene

FIGURE 8.3 Safe storage of compressed-gas cylinder.

1910.103 Hydrogen 1910.104 Oxygen 1910.105 Nitrous oxide

1910.106 Flammable and combustible liquids

1910.107 Sprayfinishing using flammable and combustible materials 1910.108 Dip tanks containingflammable or combustible liquids 1910.109 Explosives and blasting agents

1910.110 Storage and handling of liquefied petroleum gases 1910.111 Storage and handling of anhydrous ammonia 1910.112 [Reserved]

1910.113 [Reserved]

1910.119 Process-safety management of highly hazardous chemicals 1910.120 Hazardous waste operations and emergency response 1910.121 [Reserved]

1910.122 Table of contents

1910.123 Dipping and coating operations: Coverage and definitions 1910.124 General requirements for dipping and coating operations

1910.125 Additional requirements for dipping and coating operations that useflammable or combustible liquids

1910.126 Additional requirements for special dipping and coating applications 8.1.9 SUBPARTI—PERSONAL PROTECTIVEEQUIPMENT

Subpart I requires employers to provide employees with proper personal protective equipment (PPE) for the work performed. As part of this requirement, the employer must conduct a hazard survey of the work to determine the control measures to use where hazards cannot be eliminated. This serves as a resource in guiding the selection of the appropriate PPE. This includes PPE for eyes, face, head, and extremities. Other types of equipment that may be required are protective clothing and equipment as well as respiratory devices All PPE is to be maintained in a sanitary condition.

Not only are the employers required to provide the needed PPE, but also they are required to train workers how to use and wear their PPE. Equipment for emergency use should be stored in an accessible location known to all workers. The require-ments for respirators and their use is the most extensive part of the subpart.

This subpart provides the standard for quality and selection of PPE such as eye=face protection, head protection, respiratory protection, foot protection, and hand=arm protection.

Checklist

_____Do you require personal protective equipment to be used?

_____Do you have the potential for falling,flying, or electrical hazards?

_____Do you require head protection?

_____Are there opportunities for heavy material to fall onto the workers’ feet?

_____Do you provide hand and arm protection, i.e., gloves?

_____Does your workforce come into contact with electricity and need protective equipment?

_____Do you have the potential at any time for workers to suffer eye injuries?

_____Do environment or air contaminants require the use of respirators by the workers?

_____Do your workers need eye and face protection?

_____Are your workers potentially exposed to tuberculosis?

Sections of Subpart I Regulation 1910.132 General requirements 1910.133 Eye and face protection 1910.134 Respiratory protection 1910.135 Head protection 1910.136 Foot protection

1910.137 Electrical protective devices 1910.138 Hand protection

1910.139 Respiratory protection for M. tuberculosis 8.1.10 SUBPARTJ—GENERALENVIRONMENTALCONTROLS

This section specifically applies to places of employment where such items as sanitary facilities, for example, toilet facilities, washing facilities, sanitary food storage, and food handling, are required. It also addresses temporary labor camps, safety colors for marking physical hazards, and requirements for accident prevention signs and tags. Two additional items specifically addressed by this section and of considerable importance are permit-required confined spaces and the control of hazardous energy (lockout=tagout).

Checklist

_____Do you provide sanitary facilities for your workforce?

_____Do you have temporary labor camps?

_____Do you have warning or accident prevention signs or tags posted in your workplace?

_____Do you use the appropriate colors to mark physical hazards?

_____Do you have confined spaces in your workplace?

_____Does you workforce enter confined spaces where permits are needed?

_____Do you have a lockout=tagout program in place?

_____Do your require lockout=tagout procedures to be followed?

Sections of Subpart J Regulation 1910.141 Sanitation

1910.142 Temporary labor camps

1910.143 Nonwater carriage disposal systems [Reserved]

1910.144 Safety color code for marking physical hazards 1910.145 Specifications for accident prevention signs and tags 1910.146 Permit-required confined spaces

1910.147 The control of hazardous energy (lockout=tagout)

8.1.11 SUBPARTK—MEDICAL ANDFIRSTAID

The purpose of medical andfirst aid is to provide the employee with readily available medical consultation. If medical personnel are not readily available, then personnel adequately trained to administerfirst aid are to be present. These individuals should be provided protection and PPE to prevent exposure to bloodborne pathogens. The employer is required to provide fully equipped first-aid kits and they are to be maintained in suitable numbers to meet the needs of the workforce.

Checklist

_____Are there qualified medical personnel at the facility?

_____Do you have personnel trained infirst aid available?

_____Do you havefirst-aid kits available?

_____Do you keepfirst-aid kits adequately stocked?

Sections of Subpart K Regulation 1910.151 Medical services andfirst aid 1910.152 [Reserved]

8.1.12 SUBPARTL—FIREPROTECTION

Subpart L is concerned withfire protection and fire prevention. This subpart contains requirements for fire brigades, all portable extinguishers, fixed-fire suppression systems andfire detection systems, and alarm systems. It contains training require-ments for the organization and personnel. It describes requirerequire-ments for training and protective equipment forfire brigades.

In addition, this subpart establishes the requirements for the placement, use, maintenance, and testing of portable fire extinguishers provided for use by employees, as well as the requirements for all automatic sprinkler systems installed to meet a particular OSHA standard. Firefighting equipment is to be available and readily accessible. Workers are to be trained annually on the use offire extin-guishers.

The fire detection system should be in a labeled specific location. Lastly, a unique alarm system must be established at the worksite, which will alert employees to afire.

Checklist

_____Does your worksite have afire hazard potential?

_____Do you have afire prevention program?

_____Do you usefire extinguishers at your site?

_____Do you train workers infire prevention and firefighting?

_____Do you have afire brigade?

_____Do you have afire detection system or fire alarm system?

_____Are your employees expected tofight fires?

Sections of Subpart L Regulation

1910.155 Scope, application, and definitions applicable to this subpart 1910.156 Fire brigades

PORTABLE FIRE SUPPRESSION EQUIPMENT 1910.157 Portablefire extinguishers

1910.158 Standpipe and hose systems FIXED FIRE SUPPRESSION EQUIPMENT 1910.159 Automatic sprinkler systems

1910.160 Fixed extinguishing systems, general 1910.161 Fixed extinguishing systems, dry chemical 1910.162 Fixed extinguishing systems, gaseous agent 1910.163 Fixed extinguishing systems, water spray and foam OTHER FIRE PROTECTIVE SYSTEMS

1910.164 Fire detection systems 1910.165 Employee alarm systems APPENDICES TO SUBPART L

APPENDIX A TO SUBPART L—FIRE PROTECTION

APPENDIX B TO SUBPART L—NATIONAL CONSENSUS STANDARDS APPENDIX C TO SUBPART L—FIRE PROTECTION REFERENCES FOR

FURTHER INFORMATION

APPENDIX D TO SUBPART L—AVAILABILITY OF PUBLICATIONS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE IN SECTION 1910.156 FIRE BRIGADES

APPENDIX E TO SUBPART L—TEST METHODS FOR PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

8.1.13 SUBPARTM—COMPRESSED-GAS ANDCOMPRESSED-AIREQUIPMENT

This subpart applies to compressed-air receivers and other equipment used in providing and using compressed air for performing operations such as cleaning, drilling, hoisting, and chipping. However, this section does not deal with the special problems created by using compressed air to convey materials, nor the problems created when work is performed in compressed-air environments such as in tunnels and caissons. This section is not intended to apply to compressed-air machinery and equipment used or transportation vehicles such as steam railroad cars, electric railway cars, and automotive equipment.

Checklist

_____Do you use a compressed-air receiver?

_____Do you have equipment that provides compressed air?

Sections of Subpart M Regulation 1910.166 [Reserved]

1910.167 [Reserved]

1910.168 [Reserved]

1910.169 Air receivers

8.1.14 SUBPARTN—MATERIALSHANDLING ANDSTORAGE

Subpart N details the storage of materials and how to stack, rack, and secure them against falling or sliding. Materials should not create a hazard due to storage in aisles or passageways. Housekeeping is an important component of handling and storing of materials.

Subpart N provides provisions for cranes, derricks, hoists, helicopters, con-veyors, and aerial lifts. This subpart delimits many common safety requirements for material-handling equipment and reinforces the need to follow the manufacturer’s requirements regarding load capacities, speed limits, special hazards, and unique equipment characteristics. A competent person must inspect all cranes and derricks before daily use and a thorough inspection must be accomplished annually by an OSHA-recognized qualified person. A record must be maintained of that inspection for each piece of hoisting equipment.

The industrial trucks section covers the classifications of trucks and designated areas where a truck can be used. It also describes the required inspections and maintenance actions for those vehicles. Safe operation procedures are also covered in this section.

Procedures for keeping and using slings are also covered in this section. It describes the proper sizes for loads as well as safe hookup procedures and inspection requirements are stated and required markings are discussed. The rigging of mater-ials for handling is a critical component of Subpart H. This includes the safe use of

Procedures for keeping and using slings are also covered in this section. It describes the proper sizes for loads as well as safe hookup procedures and inspection requirements are stated and required markings are discussed. The rigging of mater-ials for handling is a critical component of Subpart H. This includes the safe use of

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