LA PERSONA EDUCADA

5-35. The AN/VRC-108 is a LOS mobile packet radio network consisting of the NTDR and the network management terminal. (Refer to TM 11-5820-1171-12&P and TB 11-5820-1171-10 for more information on the NTDR.)

5-36. The NTDR (RT-1812) is a state-of-the-art, technology based digital radio. It is the primary data communications transmission system, linking the ABCS at the brigade and battalion echelons. The NTDR net provides a wireless wide-area network for Soldiers using ABCS host terminals located in TOCs. The NTDR wide-area network allows Soldiers to transmit information at HDR between TOCs, to support C2 data and imagery information flow. The NTDR (refer to Figure 5-3) net transceivers are typically employed in the following C2 platforms—

z The battle command vehicle in the First Digitized Division. z C2 vehicles.

z Selected M1068 TOC and tactical platforms. z UH-60 helicopters, equipped with the A2C2S.

Figure 5-3. Near term digital radio 5-37. The key features of the NTDR are that it—

z Operates in the UHF band (225–450 MHz) in discrete tuning steps of 0.625 MHz.

z Provides direct sequence spreading at a chip rate of 8.0 MHz, which enhances performance with respect to multiparous paths, jamming, and enemy interception.

z Provides nominal digital throughput at 288 kbps. Transmitted data is encrypted, protected with FEC and detection codes, and modulated onto an RF carrier. Received data is recovered following the same processes, but in reverse.

z Supports local area network (Ethernet) and serial (recommended standard-423 asynchronous and recommended standard-422 synchronous and asynchronous) interfaces.

z Includes a range of 10–20 km (6.2–12.4 miles).

z Incorporates a GPS receive capability that provides the military grid reference system position for the radio.

5-38. The brigade S-6, supporting the brigade OPLAN or OPORD, establishes NTDR networks to ensure successful network operation. This requires the establishment of separate cluster nets, and a backbone net to connect the clusters. A cluster may be formed by linking elements of a maneuver battalion together with the backbone linking the battalion clusters with the brigade TOC. Cluster heads form within the clusters to link the backbone, and to maintain connectivity. The NTDR has a self-organizing networking capability that provides highly mobile operations. End-to-end routing within the NTDR net structure is IP based.

TACTICAL DIGITAL INFORMATION LINK-JOINT TERMINALS

5-39. Tactical digital information link-joint (TADIL-J) is an approved data link used to exchange real-time information (NATO Link 16 is the near equivalent of TADIL-J). The TADIL-J is the protocol approved for joint (US only) air and missile defense surveillance and battle management. The TADIL-J is a communications, navigation, and identification system that supports information exchange between tactical communications systems. It is a secure, FH, jam-resistant, high capacity link, and uses the JTIDS or MIDS communications data terminal for both voice and data exchange.

5-40. JTIDS/MIDS operates on the principal of time TDMA, wherein time slots are allocated among participant JTIDS units for the transmission of data. This eliminates the requirement for an NCS by providing a nodeless communications architecture.

5-41. Army TADIL-J terminals are the JTIDS Class 2M and the MIDS low volume terminal (LVT)-2. Although other services’ JTIDS and MIDS terminals exchange data and voice, Army JTIDS class 2M and MIDS LVT-2 terminals have no voice capability.

5-42. TADIL-J networks participants include—

z Joint Land Attack Cruise Missile Defense Elevated Netted Sensor System (JLENS). z F/A-18.

z Airborne Warning and Control System (AWACS). z E-2C Hawkeye aircraft.

z Tactical Air Operations Module (TAOM). z Short-range air defense (SHORAD). z Aegis ships.

z Medium Extended Air Defense System (MEADS). z Patriot.

z Air Operations Center.

z Theater High Altitude Air Defense (THAAD). z Air and Missile Defense Command.

z Joint tactical ground station (JTAGS).

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5-43. EPLRS is the primary data distribution system for forward area air defense C2 weapon systems. The typical SHORAD battalion use EPLRS to establish a data network that interconnects the Airspace Command and Control, Air Battle Management Operations Center, C2 nodes, platoon and section headquarters, and individual weapons systems. It passes the air picture and weapons control orders down, and then sends weapons systems status back up through the system. The extended air picture received from air and missile defense units, and E-3A Sentry/AWACS systems, are fused with the air picture received from the AN/MPQ-64, Sentinel, filtered at the forward area air defense C2 node for specific geographical areas of interest, and broadcast to all subscribers.

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5-44. JTIDS is a UHF terminal that operates in the 960–1215 MHz frequency band. It uses the Department of Defense’s (DOD’s) primary tactical data link to provide secure, jam-resistant, high-capacity interoperable voice and data communications for tactical platforms and weapon systems. Using TADIL-J and the Interim JTIDS message specification, the Army JTIDS allows air defense artillery (ADA) units to exchange mission essential data in near real-time, with other Army joint communications organizations performing joint an AOR air and missile defense.

5-45. Army JTIDS supports joint interoperability and attainment of dominant SA, through integration of high throughput Link 16 messages, standard and waveform. Integrated in Army AOR air and missile defense weapons systems, Army JTIDS complements land force and joint force objectives for airspace control, by rapidly and securely supporting the exchange of surveillance, identification, unit status, and engagement information in both benign and electronic warfare (EW) conditions.

5-46. Host platforms for Army JTIDS/MIDS include—

z Forward area air defense command, control, and intelligence.

z Patriot power projection for Army command, control and communications. z JLENS.

z THAAD. z MEADS. z JTAGS.

z Air and Missile Defense Planning and Control System at ADA brigades and Army air and missile defense commands.

5-47. The Army currently uses the JTIDS and/or MIDS at several operational levels as the medium to defense broadcast, and receive an enhanced joint air picture. An in-theater joint data net will provide shared joint C2 data and targeting information. Sources of the joint data net include—

z E-3A Sentry/AWACS. z Control and reporting center. z Intelligence platforms. z E-2C Hawkeye aircraft. z Aegis ships.

z Fighter aircrafts. z USMC TAOM.

z Air defense and airspace management cell. z ADA brigades.

z SHORAD. z Patriot. z THAAD. z JTAGS.

5-48. The Army JTIDS system is comprised of the Class 2M terminal, the JTIDS terminal controller, and the JTIDS antenna. Figure 5-4 is an example of the JTIDS Class 2M radio, AN/GSQ-240 I.

Figure 5-4. JTIDS class 2M, AN/GSQ-240 I radio set