Marco Conceptual

and for this reason they move more slowly than arthropods.

N

Nuuttrriittiioonn –– ccnniiddaarriiaa aanndd eecchhiinnooddeerrmmss

H

Haabbiittaatt –– mmoolllluussccss aanndd ppoorriiffeerraa

R

Reepprroodduuccttiioonn –– wwoorrmmss aanndd aarrtthhrrooppooddss

R

Reessppiirraattiioonn –– ccnniiddaarriiaa mmoolllluussccss aanndd eecchhiinnaacceeaaeecchhiinnooddeerrmmss

1 1

_ _____ // 2200 877310 _ 0044-0051.qxd 4/8/08 14:26 Página 49

INVERTEBRATES

WORKSHEET 5

4

NAME: CLASS: DATE:

C

Coommpplleettee tthhee ttaabbllee aabboouutt ppaalloolloo wwoorrmmss wwiitthh iinnffoorrmmaattiioonn ffrroomm tthhee tteexxtt..

1 1

H

Hooww oofftteenn ddoo ppaalloollooss rreepprroodduuccee?? DDeessccrriibbee tthheeiirr rreepprroodduuccttiioonn ccyyccllee..

N

Naammee ssoommee iinnvveerrtteebbrraatteess tthhaatt yyoouu hhaavvee eeaatteenn.. WWeerree tthheeyy ttaassttyy??

3 3 2 2 _ _____ // 1155 S Scciieennttiiffiicc nnaammee H Haabbiittaatt F Foooodd S Siizzee U Usseess ooff

A Polynesian delicacy

‘Palolo’ is the Polynesian name of the Palola viridis which is also known as the Eunice viridis. It is a curious worm found in the coral reefs of the Pacific Ocean where it feeds on microorganisms, algae and crustaceans. When palolos reach sexual maturity, the males and females, which are about 30 cm long, produce segments full of sperm or eggs. Once a year, on just one particular night in October or November, the segments detach themselves from the bodies and swim to the surface of the water. There, they break open and release the eggs and sperm so that fertilisation can occur. The newly fertilised eggs sink to the bottom after a few days and the ‘parents’ start growing new segments again. Palolo worms are important to the Samoan people for two reasons. Firstly, the islanders eat them. Secondly, they hold a grand yearly festival to celebrate the fishing of the worms. Palolo worms are on the menu everywhere! There are dishes of palolos fried in oil, cooked with onions and coconut milk, or simply served on toast. People who have tried them say that they taste like caviar, and for the Samoans, there is nothing tastier than this yearly gift from the sea!

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쮿 EESSSSEENNTTIIAALL NNAATTUURRAALL SSCCIIEENNCCEE 11쮿 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2008 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L. 쮿

INVERTEBRATES

TEST 4

4

NAME: CLASS: DATE:

C

Ciirrccllee tthhee ccoorrrreecctt aannsswweerr.. 1

1.. Animals are eukaryotic and (a) heterotrophic (b) unicellular (c) autotrophic. 2

2.. Porifera feed by filtration. Water enters and then leaves through (a) the central cavity (b) the channels

(c) the osculum.

3

3.. The body of cnidaria is surrounded by (a) tentacles (b) pores (c) buds. 4

4.. In the earthworm, eggs are deposited in a large segment called the (a) clitellum (b) coelom (c) setae. 5

5.. Most molluscs are hermaphrodites and (a) viviparous (b) oviparous (c) ovoviviparous. 6

6.. As they grow, arthropods shed the old exoskeleton and grow a new one. This is called (a) metamorphosis

(b) multiplication (c) moulting.

7

7.. The chelicerae help the spider (a) eat (b) move (c) defend itself. 8

8.. The internal skeleton of echinoderms is made up of (a) pedipalps (b) plaque (c) segments. 9

9.. The exoskeleton of aquatic insects is protected by (a) a shell (b) a mantle (c) wax. 1

100.. Most echinoderms breathe through (a) lungs (b) the ambulacral apparatus (c) gills.

R

Reeaadd tthhee tteexxtt aanndd aannsswweerr tthhee qquueessttiioonnss..

1

1.. Where do tapeworms live?

2

2.. When do humans become infected?

3

3.. How do tapeworms feed?

4

4.. Describe the body of a tapeworm.

2 2 1 1 _ _____ // 1155 Tapeworm

The taenia tapeworm is a parasite that lives in the intestines of animals and humans. When cows or pigs eat vegetation that has been contaminated with tapeworm eggs, they become infected. Consequently, humans can become infected too if they eat meat from these animals. Tapeworms absorb nutrients directly from their hosts. Some taenia species are more than ten metres long. Their head, called the scolex, has four suckers and pointed hooks. Then comes the neck and many rings which get bigger as they get older and move farther from the head. The body of a tapeworm is long, flat and soft, with no respiratory or digestive system. Since they are hermaphrodites, they can fertilise themselves. Tapeworms cause great harm to their unfortunate hosts.

Vertebrates

5

1. To identify the main characteristics

of vertebrates

2. To compare vertebrates and invertebrates

3. To recognise and classify vertebrates into groups 4. To learn the step-by-step procedure to produce

a scientific diagram

OBJECTIVES

Social competence and citizenship: becoming involved in animal protection

(Web task, unit 5, Student’s CD).

Cultural and artistic competence: producing accurate and well-drawn scientific

diagrams (Hands on, p. 59).

Competence in ‘learning to learn’: organising facts using tables and Venn diagrams

(sections 2-6, pp. 54-58); testing a hypothesis (Hypothesis, p. 61); completing listening tasks to revise the unit (track 5, Student’s CD, Class CD).

COMPETENCES

CONTENTS

CONCEPTS

• Definition, common characteristics and classification of vertebrates • Specific characteristics and subgroups of the five groups of vertebrates

PROCEDURES

& KEY SKILLS

• Interpreting photographs and scientific diagrams

• Analysing anatomical diagrams in order to compare groups of vertebrates • Applying scientific criteria to the classification of vertebrates

• Producing scientific diagrams

ATTITUDES

• Appreciating the diversity of vertebrates and understanding the need to protect them 877310 _ 0052-0059.qxd 22/8/08 07:49 Página 52

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쮿 EESSSSEENNTTIIAALL NNAATTUURRAALL SSCCIIEENNCCEE 11쮿 PHOTOCOPIABLE MATERIAL © 2008 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S.L. 쮿

E

In document DISEÑO DE UN SISTEMA DE COSTOS ABC EN LA EMPRESA 1-2 TRUST S.A.S, DE CALI VALLE DEL CAUCA MARÍA CRISTINA GIRALDO HOYOS MAIRA ALEJANDRATRÓCHEZ BORRERO (página 37-41)