earphone transducers
1424
earphones
1422
effects processing
1431
ethernet (Cat-5)
1430
feedback
1429
FOH
1418, 1427
gain-before-feedback
1417
Hass Effect
1431
hearing conservation
1418
hearing damage
1433
houses of worship
1429
in-ear monitoring
1416, 1420
isolating earphone
1433
latency
1431
limiters
1431
middle ear
1432
mixing for personal monitors
1427
mobility
1418
monitor mixes
1422
mono mixes
1422
MPX
1428
occluded ear
1425
ossicles
1432
outer ear
1432
PA loudspeakers
1415
personal mixing
1430
personal monitor mixers
1430
pinna
1432
portability
1418
potential acoustic gain
1417
reduced vocal strain
1418
safe listening
1432
sound contractors
1429
stapes
1433
stereo image
1429
stereo mixes
1422
stereo monitor mix
1422
stereo multiplexed transmissions
1428
stereo wireless transmission
1428
stereo wireless transmitters
1428
Temporary Threshold Shift (TTS)
1434
tinnitus
1434
Peter D’Antonio
14
Peutz equations
designing for speech intelligibil-ity
1396
Pew-back distributed system sound system design
1270
Phantom power MIDI
1111
preamplifiers and mixers
739
Phantom power for capacitor micro-phones
510
Pharynx
psychoacoustics
43
Phase
cancellation
31
psychoacoustics
50
summation
31
units of measurement
1652
Phase angle
filters and equalizers
786
units of measurement
1652
Phase Coherent Cardioid micro-phone (PCC)
524
Phase comparator
digital audio interfacing and net-works
1478
Phase controlled regulated power supplies
683
Phase correlation VI meters
1004
Phase correlation meter VI meters
1004
Phase delay
filters and equalizers
786
Phase difference power supplies
675
units of measurement
1652
Phase distortion
713
audio transformers
285
preamplifiers and mixers
738
phase distortion
1077
Phase error
VI meters
1006
Phase interference
fundamentals of audio and acoustics
32
Phase interpolation
computer aided sound system design
1364
Phase locked loop
digital audio interfacing and net-works
1474
Phase margin consoles
838
Phase plug
loudspeakers
601
Phase response
test and measurement
1613
Phase reversal boxes loudspeakers
1350
Phase shift consoles
878
delay
809
fundamentals of audio and acoustics
33
units of measurement
1652
Phase spectra
psychoacoustics
57
Phase spectrum psychoacoustics
50
Phase velocity
units of measurement
1652
Phase-locking
psychoacoustics
56
Phone plugs
sound system design
1293
Phonemically Balanced (PB) word lists
designing for speech intelligibil-ity
1403
Phons
psychoacoustics
51
Photocells (light-sensitive resistors)
248
Photocurrent fiber optics
482
Photodiode fiber optics
482
Photodiode array
optical disc formats
1140
Photon
fiber optics
482
Photon energy
453
Photophone fiber optics
451
Photoresistor
consoles
874
Physical models
acoustical modeling and aural-ization
215
Physiological effects of shock cur-rent on humans
wire and cable
443
Pi filter
power supplies
676
Pi or delta attenuator
774
Piezoelectric loudspeakers
604
Piezoelectricity
1030
analog discs
1030
loudspeakers
604
Pigtail
fiber optics
482
PIN photodiode
fiber optics
467, 482
PIN-FET receiver fiber optics
482
Pink noise
loudspeakers
639
Pinna
personal monitors
1432
psychoacoustics
43
Piston directivity loudspeakers
634
Piston resistance loudspeakers
633
Pit track
optical disc formats
1133
Pitch
psychoacoustics
54
Place coding
psychoacoustics
55
Planar transistor
solid state devices
326
Planck’s law fiber optics
453
Plane angle
units of measurement
1649
Planning fundamentals
acoustics for auditoriums and concert halls
162
Plasma display
display technologies
1583
Plasma monitor
display technologies
1583
Plastic optical fiber (POF)
fiber optics
482
Plastics
wire and cable
405
Plate
tubes
311
Plate dissipation tubes
315
Plate efficiency tubes
315
Plate resistance tubes
314
Platform configuration in concert halls
acoustics for auditoriums and concert halls
175
Playback MIDI
1120
Plenum
heatsinks
369
Plenum cable
wire and cable
441
Plenum noise attenuators acoustical noise control
92
Plug-ins
consoles
984
Plug-on transmitter microphones
574
Pocket page access intercoms
1568
Point source
fundamentals of audio and acoustics
36
Point source interactions loudspeaker clusters
658
Point sources
computer aided sound system design
1344
Point to point systems intercoms
1570
1561
Polar ETC measurements
designing for speech intelligibil-ity
1409
PolarFlex microphone system
540
Polarity
audio transformers
276
microphones
521
Test and measurement
1627
transistors
328
tubes
313
Polarity testers
test and measurement
1627
Polarized relay
380
Pole-Zero analysis
filters and equalizers
796
Pole-zero diagram
706
Poly/Mono mode MIDI
1104
Polycarbonate substrate optical disc formats
1134
Polyethylene
wire and cable
405
Polygon ground plan
acoustics for auditoriums and concert halls
170
Polypropylene wire and cable
406
Polyurethane foam panels acoustical treatment for indoor
areas
106
Pop filters
microphones
576
Pop protection microphones
578
Population inversion fiber optics
465
Porous absorbers
acoustical treatment for indoor areas
102
Porous materials
Acoustics for auditoriums and concert halls
184
Portability
personal monitors
1418
Portable and tour sound systems
1317
Positive and negative type power supply
337
Positive feedback consoles
838
Positive-intrinsic-negative detector (PIN)
fiber optics
454
Post-Detection Combining
561
Potential acoustic gain personal monitors
1417
units of measurement
1659
Potential acoustic gain (PAG) sound system design
1241
Potential divider
filters and equalizers
787
Potential Energy (U)
units of measurement
1649
Potentiometers
250
Potentiometric switching consoles
853
Power
continuous output
1231
fundamentals of audio and acoustics
25
Power (W)
units of measurement
1650
Power amplifier
716
fundamentals of audio and acoustics
25
Power amplifier DSP
sound system design
1288
Power amplifiers
sound system design
1290
Power coefficient of resistors
245
Power factor (PF) capacitors
255
Power isolation transformer
1215
Power Over Ethernet (PoE) wire and cable
417
Power over Ethernet (PoE)
digital audio interfacing and net-works
1490
Power Over Ethernet Plus (PoE Plus)
wire and cable
417
Power ratings
gain structure
1231
Power ratios
1203
Power sensitivity tubes
315
Power supplies batteries
692
battery charging
693
capacitor filters
674
charging voltage versus tempera-ture
694
combination filters
676
comparator elements
681
compensation
338
complex
680
constant-current regulated
679
constant-voltage regulated
678
constant-voltage,
constant-cur-rent regulated
679
converters
690
current limiting
681
current-regulator circuit
680
dc to dc converter
725
diode versus synchronous rectifi-ers
685
dynamic line regulation
672
dynamic load regulation
672
electromagnetic interference (emi)
682
equalizing batteries
694
filters
674
forward resistance
669
forward voltage drop
669
full-wave bridge rectifier
673
full-wave supplies
672
high-power regulated supply
682
inductive filters
675
inductive reactance
676
inductive-capacitance filters (LC)
676
internal output impedance
672
inverters
690
magnetic field
676
maximum peak current
669
maximum peak inverse voltage
669
one-half wave supplies
672
overvoltage protection
681
pass elements
680
phase difference
675
phase-controlled regulated
683
pi filter
676
preregulator
681
rectifier
669
rectifier circuit chart
670
reference elements
680
regulated
677
regulated supplies
679
remote sensing
681
resistance voltage dividers
677
resistance-capacitance filters
676
reverse current
669
reverse resistance
669
ripple voltage
669
sampling elements
680
Schottky diode
686
single IC, power factor corrected off-line
684
solid-state zener diode
679
static line regulation
672
switch mode
724–725
switching regulators
682
synchronous rectification low-voltage
684
synchronous rectifiers
688
terminology
669
thermal regulation
672
three-phase
674
ultra capacitor characteristics
691
ultra capacitor UPS
690
Power supply terminology
669
Power transfer consoles
859
gain structure
1228
sound system design
1300
Power transformer audio transformers
280
Power transformers
grounding and interfacing
1190, 1194
Power-level meters VI meters
1003
Power-line noise
grounding and interfacing
1193
Power-output meters VI meters
1003
Power-sum near-end crosstalk (PS-NEXT)
wire and cable
415
Preambles
digital audio interfacing and net-works
1465
Preamplifiers
analog discs
1033
Preamplifiers and mixers analog speakerphone
760
automatic gain control (AGC)
747
automatic microphone
741
automatic microphone mixers implemented in software
752
automatic microphone mixers with matrix mixing to multiple outputs
752
automatic mixing controller
752
balanced input stage
740
bandwidth
738
build-up of background noise and reverberation
743
capacitance of shielded twist-ed-pair cable
736
class A circuitry
740
CMRR
735, 740
comb filtering
743
common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR)
739
communication protocols used in automatic mixers
746
conference bridge
758
conference room ceiling systems
761
conference room noise
755
conference room reverberation
756
controls and features of automat-ic mautomat-icrophone mixers
745
Cooper Sound CS104 four-chan-nel ENG mixer
740
critical distance
757
design objectives for automatic microphone mixers
744
direction dependent automatic microphone mixers
750
echo canceller
760
equivalent input noise (EIN)
738
fixed threshold automatic micro-phone mixers
748
gain and headroom
737
gain sharing automatic micro-phone mixers
748
input channel attenuation
747
input impedance
737
Jensen-Hardy Twin-Servo® 990 microphone preamplifier
741
loading loss
735
low-pass LC filter
736
microphone as a signal source
735
microphone mixing
759
microphone preamplifier funda-mentals
735
multiple open microphones
742
multivariable dependent
auto-matic microphone mixers
751
noise
737
noise-adaptive threshold auto-matic microphone mixer
750
number of open microphones (NOM)
743, 747
number of open microphones at-tenuation
746
phantom power
739
phase distortion
738
real world preamp
739
reduced gain before feedback
743
RF immunity
739
room and building acoustics
755
send level control
760
Shure SCM268 four-channel mixer
740
signal leakage and undesired feed back in a teleconferencing system
759
teleconferencing
754
teleconferencing equipment
758
telephone interface
758
telephone/transmission system interface
757
thermal noise
737
time domain
738
transformers
739
two-wire telephone connection
758
types of automatic microphone mixers
748
variable threshold automatic mi-crophone mixers
748
Precedence effect psychoacoustics
60
Precision listening rooms Small room acoustics
140
Pre-delays consoles
975
Preemphasis
Optical disc formats
1135
Prefade listen (PFL) consoles
827, 918
Preform
fiber optics
483
Preregulator
power supplies
681
Pressure
units of measurement
1650
Pressure open-circuit sensitivity computer aided sound system
design
1356
Pressure zone microphones (PZM)
522
Pressure-gradient condenser micro-phone
531
Primary coating fiber optics
483
Print through
tape print thoughg
1072
Private bundles
digital audio interfacing and net-works
1507
Private line intercoms
1561
Pro Logic decoding surround soound
1596
Processing system virtual systems
1454
Processor control consoles
855
Processor types consoles
960
ProDigi machines
magnetic recording
1079
Professor Helmholtz
1339
Professor Sabine
1339
Program interrupt (IFB) intercoms
1573
Program material
fundamentals of audio and acoustics
34
gain structure
1231
Programmable digital signal proces-sor
DSP technology
1172
Programmable equalizers filters and equalizers
802
Programmable gate arrays consoles
942
Programmable time delay relay
392
Programs
Modeler
1265
Progressive delay drivers loudspeaker clusters
663
Progressive scan
display technologies
1581
PROM
consoles
928
Propagation delay consoles
912
Propagation of sound waves acoustical modeling and
aural-ization
217
Propagation velocity
grounding and interfacing
1184
Properties of plastic insulation wire and cable
404
Properties of rubber insulation wire and cable
404
Proportional Point Source loudspeakers
614
Proprietary acoustical doors acoustical noise control
83
Proprietary acoustical windows acoustical noise control
86
Proprietary silencers
acoustical noise control
93
Protecting concert-goers what’s the ear for?
1636
Protecting hearing
what’s the ear for?
1635
Protecting loudspeakers sound system design
1276
Protecting the audience what’s the ear for?
1642
Protecting the community what’s the ear for?
1636
Protection mechanisms
719
automatic turn-on muting
720
capacitor high pass filter
720
fuse
719
thermal sensor
720
transformer
720
Protocol
digital audio interfacing and net-works
1505
Proximity effects microphones
497
Psychoacoustics absolute pitch
56
acoustic reflex
45
amplitude spectra
57
amplitude spectrum
50
audio encoding
48
auditory area
50
auditory filters
49
auditory system
45
auricle
43
A-weighting level
52
backward masking
48
Bark scale
49
binaural
57
binaural hearing
60
binaural pitches
57
binaural process
56
bone conduction
45
B-weighting level
52
cent
55
chords
55
cochlea
43
cocktail party effect
60
combination tones
50
complex tone
54
compressed function
52
concha
43
cone of confusion
58–59
contralateral ear
58
critical bands
49
critical bandwidths of the human ear
49
critical distance
61
C-weighting level
52
decoder
48
diffraction of the head
58
direct-to-reverberant ratio
61
distance cues
60
distance perception psychoacoustics
60
dynamic changes
54
dynamic range
51
ear canal (auditory meatus)
43
ear molds
59
eardrum
43
equal loudness contours
51
equal temperament
55
equivalent rectangular band-width (ERB)
49
ERB number
49
eustachian tube
43
external ear
43
externalization
59
Fletcher-Munson curves
51
forward masking
48
Fourier analyzer
51
Franssen effect
60
frequency difference limen
56
frequency range
51
frequency selectivity
52
Haas effect
60
hair cells
43
harmonic distortion
50
head shadow
58
head-related transfer function (HRTF)
58
hearing damage
45, 52
hearing loss
47
hearing threshold
51
hydrophone
45
incus
43
individual differences
43
inner ear
43, 45
integration times
54
interaural intensity difference (IID)
57
interaural level difference (ILD)
57
interaural phase difference
50
interaural phase difference (IPD)
57
interaural temporal difference
58
interaural time difference (ITD)
57
just-noticeable difference (JND)
54
Just-tuning
55
LEDR (Listening Environment Diagnostic Recording)
59
localization cues
57
logarithmic scale
52, 55
lossless encoders
48
loudness
51–52
loudness versus bandwidth
53
malleus
43
masker
48
masking
48
mechanical system of the middle ear
46
mel
55
melodic intervals
55
melody
55–56
microphone
45
middle ear
43, 45
middle ear infection
45
minimum audible
51
near miss Weber’s Law
54
nonlinearity of the ear
49
Ohm’s law of acoustics
50
otoacoustic emissions
50
ototoxic medicines
47
outer ear
43
oval window
43
perfect pitch
56
pharynx
43
phase
50
phase spectra
57
phase spectrum
50
phase-locking
50, 56
phons
51
pinna
43
pitch
54
place coding
55
precedence effect
60
psychophysical experiments
43
psychophysical tuning curve
48
pure tone
54
Pythagorean scale
55
range of pitch
56
resonant frequency
45
reverberator
59
RMS detectors
54
root note
55
round window
43
sagittal planes
58
shape of the auditory filters
49
signal detection
60
simultaneous masking
48
sones
53
sound color
57
sound pressure level (SPL)
50
spacial hearing
57
spatial filtering
60
spatial-filtering
44
spectrogram
51, 57
spherical head model
44, 58
stapes
43
statistical methods
43
Steven’s rule
56
temporal bone
44
temporal coding
55–56
threshold of hearing
50
thresholds
50
timbre
57
time window
51
tinnitus
50
tympanic membrane
43
virtual pitch
57
wavelet analysis
51
Weber fraction in dB
54
Weber’s Law
54
white noise
57
Psychophysical tuning curve psychoacoustics
48
Pulse code modulation
digital audio interfacing and net-works
1463
Pulsed Code Modulation delay
813
Punch through transistors
332
Pure tone
psychoacoustics
54
Pyramid tracing
computer aided sound system design
1372
Pythagorean scale psychoacoustics
55
PZM directivity microphones
524
PZM direct-to-reverberant ratio ef-fects
microphones
525
PZM frequency response anomalies caused by boundaries
microphones
526
PZM frequency-response effects microphones
525
PZM sensitivity effects microphones
524
Q Q
consoles
879, 883, 888
inductors
267
Q factor
acoustical treatment for indoor areas
110
Quadratic residue diffuser (QRD) acoustical treatment for indoor
areas
118
Quality factor (Q capacitors)
255
Quality of Service (QoS)
digital audio interfacing and net-works
1496
Quantization
DSP technology
1170
sampling
813
Quantization error DSP technology
1171
Quantization noise delay
813–814
Quantum efficiency fiber optics
468
Quarter-frame messages MIDI
1129
Quick-operate relay
380
R R. A. Greiner
13
Radial (or sectoral) horns loudspeakers
612
Radiation
heatsinks
368, 370
Radiator types loudspeakers
609
Radio frequencies
fundamentals of audio and acoustics
28
Radio frequency spectrum units of measurement
1654
Radio guide designations (RG) wire and cable
424
Radio-frequency inductors consoles
912
Raised-slab or jack-up system acoustical noise control
81
RAM
delay
811, 814
RAMSETE
computer aided sound system design
1372
Random access memory delay
811
Random diffusers
acoustical treatment for indoor areas
119
Range of pitch psychoacoustics
56
Range of wireless transmission microphones
566
RASTI
acoustics for auditoriums and concert halls
159
designing for speech
intelligibil-ity
1405
RaSTI
designing for speech intelligibil-ity
1406–1407
Rate of decay
small room acoustics
129
Rate of delivery
designing for speech intelligibil-ity
1401
Rate of electron flow
fundamentals of audio and acoustics
32
Rated impedance
fundamentals of audio and acoustics
33
Rated sensitivity
computer aided sound system design
1346
Ray
fiber optics
483
Ray radiation
computer aided sound system design
1372
Ray tracing
computer aided sound system design
1367, 1371
Rayleigh scattering fiber optics
459, 483
Ray-tracing models
acoustical modeling and aural-ization
223
RCA-type phono plugs sound system design
1293
R-DAT
magnetic recording
1080
Reactance
capacitive
33, 270
chart
271
consoles
878
fundamentals of audio and acoustics
33
inductive
33, 1548
Inductive reactance
1183
inductive reactance
248, 258, 265–267, 270, 864, 880, 891
Reactive ground effects consoles
850
Read only memory
read only memory
1050
Read only memory (ROM) message repeaters and
evacua-tion systems
1528
RealAudio
digital audio interfacing and net-works
1461
Realtime analyzers loudspeakers
639
Real-time auralization
acoustical modeling and aural-ization
233
Real-time messages MIDI
1127
Real-time programming DSP technology
1174
Real-world preamp
preamplifiers and mixers
739
Rear and surround cluster loud-speaker systems
sound system design
1262
Recall display consoles
945
Receiver
acoustical modeling and aural-ization
218
fiber optics
483
sensitivity fiber optics
483
specifications fiber optics
476
Receiver quality wire and cable
423
Receivers
1555
Reception modes MIDI
1104
Reconstruction filters consoles
958
Record care
analog discs
1036
brushes
1036
Record Head
1061
Record Industry Association of America
analog discs
1017
Record-cleaning machines analog discs
1036
Recording MIDI
1119
Recording characteristics analog discs
1017
Recording mode consoles
923
Rectifier
power supplies
669
Rectifier circuit chart power supplies
670
Rectifiers
light-activated silicon controlled
325
opto-coupled silicon-controlled rectifier
325
SCR (silicon-controlled
324
silicon
320
silicon-controlled rectifier
322
switching diodes
321
thyristors
322
Recursive processing consoles
965
Reduced gain before feedback preamplifiers and mixers
743
Reduced vocal strain personal monitors
1418
Reducing noise pickup sound system design
1306
Reed relay packages relays
383
Reed relays
381
Reed Solomon Product Code (RS-PC)
optical disc formats
1147
Reed-Solomon decoders optical disc formats
1140
Reed-Solomon product code (RS-PC)
optical disc formats
1141
Reference elements power supplies
680
Reference levels VU meters
1000
Reference point array loudspeaker clusters
653
Reflected wave
fundamentals of audio and acoustics
29
Reflection
acoustical treatment for indoor areas
120
fiber optics
454, 483
sound system design
1245
Reflection filter
microphones
578
Reflection free measurements test and measurement
1614
Reflection free zone
small room acoustics
141
Reflection manipulation small room acoustics
138
Reflective data pit surface optical disc formats
1134
Reflectogram
acoustical modeling and aural-ization
221
computer aided sound system design
1376
Refraction
acoustical treatment for indoor areas
120
fiber optics
454, 483
Refractive index
fiber optics
455, 483
Register balance measure BR acoustics for auditoriums and
concert halls
162
Regulated power supplies
677, 679
Related crosstalk consoles
919
Relative loudness
fundamentals of audio and acoustics
36
VI meters
1006
Relative phase
fundamentals of audio and acoustics
31
Relay layouts
374
Relay loads
378
Relays ac
380
ac differential
381
bifurcated contacts
377
bistable magnetic latching
380
bounce
383–384
capacitive loads
379
consoles
850
contact arrangements
378
contact bounce
378
contact characteristics
377
contact current
377
contact resistance
383–384
contact resistance stability
(CRS)
381
darlington circuit
390
dc
380
dc loads
379
differential polar
381
DIP
374
direct-coupled solid state