coquixtiloya: auh yn pipiltzitzinti cocolco onoq, quinacaztequia: auh m ochi tlacatl migoya. Auh atle ic tlapaloloya, £ a n jxquich y negogovaya, tlacoquixtiloya, tlena-
midday, the shell trumpets were sounded. Twigs were passed through the flesh, and they made cuts on the ear [lobes] of the infants in the cradle, and everyone drew blood from himself. And they said nothing to each other in greeting. On the part of everyone, of every body, there was drawing of blood from oneself, the passing of twigs through one's flesh,
[fol. 272r]
macoya m ochi tlacatl ayac ixcauhticatca, Auh in vncan catca yxiptla, yeuatl yn motenevaya quauhxicallj: vncá moquetzaya yn ixiptla, ynic miCuiloaya y yxiptla yuh- quin tlacaxayaq ytonameyo ytech quiztoya, itonatiuhtlatquj, yavaltic, vey, yvitica tlatza- quallj, tlauhquechol injc tlatzaquallj. oncá ixpá mochivaya negoliztlj, in tlacoquixti- liztlj: yn tlam analiztlj; in tlacotonaliztlj.
Auh yn ilhuiuh ipá no miequienti miquia mamalti, auh no mitoaya yn oyaomjc. tona tiuh ychá via, ytla nemj in tonatiuh.
P A R A G R A P H 12 [fol. 272v|
Jn ic xij. parrapho. ipan m jtoa yn quezqui tla- O w e lfth paragraph, in which are told some
mantlj, yn vncan mochivaya tlatlatequipano- of the tasks performed in the devils' houses.1
liztlj y vnca tlacatecolocalco. ;
Tlacazcaltiliztlj T h e Rearing of People
Jn teiztaltiaia tlenamacac inmac cocaoaia in Fire priests instructed [young] people; [then]
tlamacazque y tlavitequini in tlapiani. they put them in the hands of offering priests,
those who punished, those who guarded.
5. The Spanish versions position the image of the sun "en un cu que se llamaba Quauhxicalco." Into, or on, the
cuauhxicalli, "eagle vessel," were deposited the hearts of sacrificed victims. See Seler 1902-1923, H: 704-716.
1. Below this heading, Sahagún wrote: Capítulo 13 de los exercicios o trabajos q avia en el templo. "Chapter 13, of the exercises or works that there were (i.e., took place) in the temple." This paragraph was included, with a somewhat distinct title, in the later Historia as the tenth section of the Appendix to Book 2 (Sahagún 1975:172; 1981:218-219; 1988: 198-199).
and the offering of incense,- no one was remiss. And the image of [the sun] was there at the
place called Quauhxicalli;5 there his image
stood. His image was painted in this manner: It had what was like a human face; his rays emanated from it. His sun-adornment was round, large; he was covered with feathers, covered with roseate spoonbill feathers. There, before him, were performed the draw ing of blood, the passing of twigs through the flesh, the setting down of offerings, and the decapitation of birds.
And at the tim e of his festival, also, many captives died. And also it was said that he who died in battle went to the home of the sun, that he lived near the sun.
Paragraph 12
Tenonotzaliztlj Admonitions
Chapter I: Rituals and Gods
126
quinnonotzaia inic vel nemizque f amo ma-
viltizque ÿ amo tlatziuhtinemizque.
Tlachpanaliztlj
Inic tlachpanazque in teuitvalco quitzatzilia in isquich in tlamacazcatepitzin ynic tlach- panaz.
Tletlaliliztlj
They admonished them so that they would live properly, so that they would not spend their tim e amusing themselves, so that they would not be lazy.
Sweeping
So that they would sweep the temple court yard, they shouted at all the young offering priests to sweep.
Lighting the Fires yoan quincuitlaviltiaia ynic tletlalizque inic
tlapialo, vncä neteteco in tletitlâ. auh çâ no- viian in tletlaliloia yn teuitvalco, in tlequazco in ôcâ tlatlaia aço m atlactecpätli cenca m iec
Ioallapializtli
Jn ioallapializtli iehoantin quimocuitlaviaia in tlamaceuhq in istlamatque intequiuh catca.
And they saw to it that they lit the fires. There was lying down by the fire; thus there was guarding. And in all parts of the temple courtyard fires were lit in the braziers; there rows of ten or many more burned.
Keeping Watch at Night
Those who were performing acts of devotion took charge of keeping watch at night. It was the duty of the experienced [priests].
Quauhcaquiliztli Hauling Wood
Jn quauhcaquiliztli inic tlapiaya in tlatlaia calmecac iehoätin cöcuia in tlamacazcate- pitzitzi in ayamo cêca istlamati.
Vitztequiliztli
Jn vitztequiliztli iehoätin conteqz in tlama- cazq yn aiamo cêca istlam ati in quinontla- cuisque.
acxoiaçaquiliztli
Jn acxoiaçaquiliztli iehoätin cöcuia in tla- macazq in ie istlam ati.
tlatlapitzaliztlj
In tlatlapitzaliztli, iehoätin intequiuh catca in tlamacazcatepitzitzin yoan in ie istlam ati
neneliuhtivia. .
The hauling of the wood to store [and] burn
in the calmecac; the young offering priests
who were not very experienced gathered it. Cutting Thorns
Cutting thorns: The offering priests who were not yet very experienced cut them. It was they who gathered them.
Hauling Fir Branches
Hauling fir branches: The offering priests who were already experienced gathered them.
Sounding the Trumpets
T h e sounding of the trumpets was the task of the young offering priests as well as the al ready experienced ones; they went mixed.
Jn tlilpatlaliztli, iehoantin intequiuh catca in tlamacazcatepitzitzin in quipatlaia mochi tlacatl ic moçaia, vel moçemaquiaia inic moçaia acan mocaoaia
aun in quipatlaja vncan in tlillacalco, auh in tlilpatlaloia gan ioaltica, auh in neoçaloia ycoac in tlavizcalli ehoa
The preparation of the black stain was the task of the young offering priests,- they dis solved it in water. Everyone painted him self w ith it; they covered themselves completely; when they painted themselves, no part was overlooked.
And when they prepared the stain, it was
there in the black canoe;2 and when the
black stain was prepared, it was only at night, and when there was painting of one self, it was at daybreak.
P A R A G R A P H 13 [fol. 273r]
♦
Jn ic xjji. parrapho ipan moteneva in quenin tlatlauhtiloya diablome iva juraméto.
Jn iquac mochioaya juraméto y iquac aca quinetoltia yconeuh ivicpa Diablome: ago vcá, anogo excá, quinetoltia in tlein quin- chiviliz diablome
ago motlavitequi piltontlj: anogo tlein ypá mochioa; yquac quinetoltiaya, iniquivicpa tlamacevaz,
Auh no ioá iquac mochioaya in juramento yn jquac aca, tlein quiteilhuiaya ynic qui- neltiliaya, ilhuiloya, Ynic neltiz m otlatol yyc amo tiztlacatiz tla xontlalqua?
iquac njm á tlalquaya y aquí, tlein quiteil- hujaya ye quineltiliaya yn itlatol, yyc amo yztlacamachoya
quitoa vel quimati I tonatiuh I tlaltecutli
t h ir t e e n t h paragraph, in which it is told how the devils were supplicated and oaths
[were made].1
When an oath was made, when someone made a vow for his child to the devils, he vowed what he would do for the devils in two or three places.
[If] perhaps the child stumbled and fell, or something [else] happened to him, he made a vow to [the god] that he would perform a penance.
And also when an oath was made, when someone stated something to someone, he confirmed it in this way. He was told, "So that your words w ill be confirmed, so that you w ill not lie, [will you] please eat earth?"
Then when the person ate earth, he con firmed his words, what he said to one. Thus he was not thought to lie.
He said: "T h e Sun, the Lord of the Earth2
2. Tlillacalco: The black stain with which the priests daily painted their bodies was apparently mixed and prepared