OBJETIVOS Y LINEAS DE ACCION DEL PLAN

classes, see Pedersen, KZ. XXXV. 400 ff.; for the Middle Irish forms, Strachan, Ériu I. 153.

409. A personal pronoun used with a verb, except as predicative nominative (§ 406), is always

When attached to a pretonic preverb it is said to be infixed. Such infixed pronouns have the following functions:

a. With active or deponent forms of transitive verbs they express the direct object; e.g. ro-m·gab 'he has taken me', ní-s·n-ágathar 'he does not fear them'.

b. With the verb 'to be' (except with fil, § 780) they express the indirect (dative) object, which otherwise is generally expressed by means of the prep. do ; e.g. ro-t·bia 'erit tibi, thou shalt have'.

With other verbs this construction is rare. Most instances of it occur with the pret. pass., e.g. fo- n·roíreth imned 'trouble has been caused to us' LL 252a_{25; particularly where the passive force is no}

longer felt, e.g.

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do-t·árfas (O.Ir. ·árbas) 'it has appeared to thee' (lit. 'it has been shown to thee'), fo-m·lámas bádud 'drowning was imminent for me' Wb. 17d_{4 ( Ped. II. 560).}

c. With passive forms (except in the instances just mentioned) the pronouns of the 1st and 2nd persons regularly indicate the subject; e.g. ro-b·hícad 'ye have been saved'; ni-n·incébthar 'we shall not be reproached' (§ 540 b).

do-t·luid 'thou camest' LL 113a41 (with 3 sg. active) is exceptional; cp. ni-m·tha 'I am not', § 799.410. The position of infixed pronouns is governed by the following rules:

a. Where the verb is preceded by conjunct particles (§ 38, 2), the pronoun is attached to the last of these and the stress falls on the element immediately following. Examples: dian-dam·chon-delc 'if I compare myself' Ml. 91d_{8; nachi-n·ro-gba 'that it may not seize us' Wb. 15}d_{40; ar-nach-a·im-ráda}

'that he may not think them' Ml. 51a_1.

But where the prep. im(m) is used in the sense of 'mutually' (§ 841), it is always followed by the pronoun and remains unstressed; e.g. nímu-n·accamar (for ní-immu-n·) 'we have not seen one another' Wb. 18d_{3. The same thing occasionally occurs with the verbal particle ro ru (§ 526 f.); e.g.}

con-ro-m·ícad 'so that I have been healed' 28a_{10; ni-ru-m·chom-ar-léicis 'thou hast not permitted}

me' Ml. 76d_5.

In the form in-da-ro-n·com-ar-lécis 'into which thou hast permitted us (to fall)' Ml. 77d_{6, ro has been}

inserted in the pronoun -dan- .

b. Where there is no conjunct particle the pronoun is attached to the first preposition or verbal particle of a compound verb; e.g. immu-m·rui-d-bed 'I have been circumcised' Wb. 23d_{30; do-nn·i-cci 'it}

beholds us' 9a_{4; ro-nn·hícc 'he has saved us' 31}d_6.

Occasionally the pronoun da is found inserted in the prep. for ; e.g fo-da-r·aith-mine[dar] 'who remembers it (fem.)' (for·aithminedar) Ml. 25c_{5; fo-da·ro-r-cenn 'who exterminated them' Wb. 11}a₂₇

(for-cenn with da and ro ).

Here too ro ru is the sole exception: when it forms the second element, the pronoun is sometimes attached to it; e.g. ar-ro-t·neithius 'I expected thee (ar·neithius)' Ml. 46b_{20; for-ru-m·chennad-sa 'I}

have been destroyed' 127c_10.

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c. Where neither a conjunct particle nor a preverd (including ro ) precedes the verb, the verbal particle no (§ 538) is inserted before it for the purpose of infixing the pronoun. Examples: no-m·ísligur 'I abase myself' Wb. 17d_{22; no-t·erdarcugub 'I shall make thee famous' Ml. 55}a_{5; n-a·gníu-sa 'I do it'}

Wb. 3c_{30; no-n·sóer 'deliver us' Ml. 46}b_26.

When tmesis of a compound verb takes place in verse, etc., the infixed pronoun remains attached to the first element; e.g. for-don· itge Brigte bet 'on us be Brigit's prayers' Thes. II. 348, 4. Cp. also no-m· choimmdiu coíma (in prose nom·choíma coimmdiu) 'the Lord cherishes me' Sg.204 ( Thes. II. 290, 11). 411. The forms of the infixed pronouns fall into three classes (§ 415); the third class, however, has syntactic rather than phonological significance.

Class A is used after all particles and most prepositions which originally ended in a vowel: ro, no, do (pretonic for to and dí de, §§ 831, 855), di, fo, ar, im(m) (also cetu, cita 'first', § 393), and the negative particle nī + 0306.

In ar- and imm- the original vowel of the second syllable, which was lost in all other positions, appears before pronouns beginning with a consonant. The former is written aro- aru- in Wb. (once ari-n· 29d_22),

in Ml. usually ara- ; the latter immu- , in Ml. also immi- . For imm-a· we also find imme·, and for ar-a· arch. are· (e.g. Anecd. III. 59, 4-6).

Conversely the -o of ro, no, do, fo is lost before initial a (giving r-a·, n-a·, d-a·, f-a·). After nī + ̆ 'not' a disappears (ní for ní-a·).

After the prefix mi the form of the pronoun fluctuates between A and B; e.g. mí-ss·imbert (§ 384), beside mí-t·n-imret 'that they deceive him' Ml. 74b_{22. The only instances of pronouns with the preverbs}

íarmi-, tremi- belong, as it happens, to C.

412. Class B is characterized throughout by an initial d, which is always unlenited and hence often written t. The pronouns of this class are used after prepositions originally

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ending in a consonant. The d appears regularly after for and etar, but combines with the old final of fri (frith-) and con (com- ) to give frit-, cot- (cotd-) . The form at- (occasionally written ad-, add-, atd- ) represents five separate prepositions the stressed forms of which (where no infixed pronoun is attached) are ad-, aith-, ess-, in- (ind-), oss- .

co fo-ta·bothad 'that he might terrify them' Ml. 33b_{16 must be included in this class, although fo-}

normally belongs to A; the present form is probably due to the influence of con-da· (§ 413, 1). Similarly in in-da·árben 'banish them' Thes. I. 4, 31, inda· instead of ata· seems to have spread from C. Other peculiar forms are aní remi-ta·tét 'what precedes them' Sg. 197b_{5 (this happens to be the only example of}

remi with an infixed pronoun), and especially dut·fidedar '(angels) who guided it (masc.)' Thes. II. 242, 13 ( Arm.), where a pronoun with d (class C) might be expected; it is probably an error for dud·fídetar.

413. Class C is used:

1. Regularly after (a) relative (s )a n _{combined with a preposition (§ 492); (b) i} n _{'in which'; (c) the}

conjunctions dia n _{'if, when' (§§ 889, 903), ara} n _{'in order that' (§ 898), co} n _{con 'so that' (§ 896);}

(d) the interrogative particle in (§ 463).

2. In other relative clauses (§ 493 ff.); here it regularly replaces the pronouns of class A in the third person only; but it is frequently (though not invariably) used instead of the 1st and 2nd persons of A and all the forms of B.

Collection: Strachan, Ériu I. 155 ff.

This class is characterized by lenited d, which, however, is delenited after n (§ 139). A fuller form id appears in the 3 sg. masc. neut. after prepositions ending in a consonant: ar-id·, con-id·, for-id·, farm- id·, imm-id· , as opposed to fo-d·, ro-d· , etc. The at- of class B is replaced by as- , (3 sg. as(s)-id· ), not only where it stands for ess- (pretonic as- ), e.g. as-id·ru-bart 'who has said it' (as·beir 'says'), but often also where it represents another preposition; e.g. ass-id·roillet 'who deserve it' Ml. 54d_{6 beside ad-}

id·roillifet 'who shall deserve it' 61a_{20 (ad-ro-slí-); as-id·grennat 'who persecute him' 18}d_{2 beside a n-in-}

da·greinn-siu (anunda- MS.) 'whilst thou persecutest them' 36d_{2 (in-grenn-). Similarly friss-id· from fri (§}

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dia n _{the i is omitted. But co} n _{'so that' makes con-did· (for the first d see § 799), later conid· (for}

connid· , with assimilated nd), and i n _{makes in-did· .}

The a of the relative particle, etc., is usually replaced by i except after di, fo (fu), ó ; e.g. ar-in-d-, tre- sin-d- ; but di-an-d-, fu-an-d- . The vowel may be omitted where the pronoun beginning with d forms a syllable (cp. § 117); e.g. ar-n-da·cumcabat 'in order that they may raise themselves' Ml. 46a_12;

trisnan·soírthae (from tri-sn-dan·) 'through which we might be delivered' 124a_{8, beside tre-sin-da·bia}

'through which they shall have' (lit. 'there shall be to them') Wb. 25d_8.

The n which marks a nasalizing relative clause (§ 497 ff.) is inserted immediately before the d in all forms of this class, including the 3 sg. masc. neut.; e.g. amal as-ind·biur-sa 'as I say it' (not *_{as-n-id·); indas}

as-ṅ-da·fíadam-ni 'as we declare them' Ml. 93d_{14 (in-fíad-). In forms with the prep. con (com) , the form}

cond- is used here instead of cot- (B); but 3 sg. connid· conid· (not *_con-ind·).

In ci ó fut fritat·n-íarr-su 'how long shall he offend thee?' Ml. 93a_{15, the nasal after the pronoun is}

irregular.

414. Before pronouns beginning with a consonant the d of classes B and C is usually followed by o or u in Wb. and Sg., by a in Ml.; rarely by i: -dit- Wb. 2b_{12, -din- 29}b_{16, -dib- 24}c_{4, -dip- 25}d_8.

Apart from their prefixed d, B and C differ essentially from A only in the 3 sg. fem. and in the 3 pl. As in the stressed pronoun, the 3 pl. forms are identical for all three genders.

415. The following are the forms of infixed pronouns found in early MSS. (for forms after the negatives na, nach, nád, and nícon, see § 419 f.):

A B C

sg. 1. m l_{, mm} l

dom l_{, dum} l_{, tom} l_,

tum l_{, dam(m)} l_,

tam(m) l

dom l_{, dum} l_,

dam(m) l

2. t l _tot l_{, tat} l_{, t} l _dat l _(dit l₎

-259 A B C 3 m. a n _(- n_{) t} n_{, rarely ta} n id n (did n), d n, - n, rarely da n f. s n_{, s da} g_{, ta} g _da g n. a l _(- l_{) t} l _id l _(did l_{), d} l_{, -} l

pl. 1. n, nn don, ton, tan (n ) don, dun (din ),

dan (n )

2.

b, rarely f (before vowels)

dob, dub, tob (tof ),

tab dob, dub (dib ), dab

3. s n_{, s da} g_{, ta} g _da g

Although the m of the 1 sg. is never written double in Wb., it was doubtless unlenited ( Ped. § 485 ). For da in the 3rd persons later MSS. sometimes have what was apparently the older form de ; e.g.

conde·tubert 'so that he gave them' ZCP. VIII. 308, 34; node·ail 'who rears them' Ériu XII. 8 § 7; ate- cobor 'he desired her' RC. XXV. 346, 6 (cp. K. Meyer, ZCP. XII. 441; Pokorny, ibid . XIII. 43 f. ).

In the 3 sg. masc. neut. the omission of a after nī + ̆ is regular (§ 411), and the d of class C may also be lost between n and a consonant (§ 180); hence in such positions the infixed pronoun can only be

pronoun (§ 243, 2); nī + ̆ with nasalization = negative + pron. 3 sg. masc.; nī + ̆ with lenition = negative + pron. 3 sg. neut.

In the course of the ninth centuryra · (= ro + a ), na·, da·, fa· are replaced by ro·, no·, do·, fo· ; and the pron. -da- (sg. fem. and pl.) develops a by-form -das-, -dos- (cp. class A).

Emphasizing particles belonging to infixed pronouns are attached to the verb. Hence a particle in this position may be intended to emphasize either the subject of the verb or the infixed pronoun.

416. As the analysis of these forms is often difficult, a larger selection of examples than usual is subjoined.

A

1 sg. ním·charat-sa 'they love me not' Wb. 5c_{6; fomm·álagar 'I am cast down' Sg. 146}b_{14; ma}

immim·thabarthar 'if I be surrounded' Ml. 41c_2.

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2 sg. fot·chridigther-su 'gird thyself' Ml. 101c3; arat·muinfer-sa féid 'I will honour thee' 63a3.

3 sg. masc. imma·n-imcab 'avoid him' Wb. 30d_{20; ra·m-bia 'to him shall be (he shall have)' 27}c_{13; da·rrat}

'he has given himself' 28b_{4; ra·lléic 'he has left him' Ml. 53}b_{6; fa·ceird (c = g) 'puts him' 94}c_{8; ni·n-}

aithgéuin 'he did not recognise him' Ml. 52.

fem. dus·n-gní 'he makes it (fem.)' Ml. 29a_{3; nos·bered 'he was carrying it (fem.) 'Tur. 134.}

neut. na·chomalnid-si 'fulfil it' Wb. 15a_{7; rá ·uc 'he has applied it' Ml. 45}a_{1 (for á see}

ੰੰ

48 ); da·ucci 'he understands it' Wb. 13a_{8; imme·folṅgi . . . ón (f = ƒ) 'it produces this' 12}b_{5; ní·thabur són 'I do not give}

this' Sg. 179a_2.

1 pl. arun·nethitis 'they were awaiting us' Thes. I. 497,43 (Arm.); hóre dunn·ánic 'since it has come to us' Wb. 25a_{21; manin·sóerae-ni 'unless thou deliver us' Ml. 77}d_{6; doron·donad-ni 'we have been comforted'}

Wb. 16b_17.

2 pl. rob·car-si 'he has loved you' Wb. 23d_{4; dof·ema 'which may protect you' 5}d_{34, beside co}

dob·emthar-si 'that ye may be protected' Ml. 53b_{15; rob·bia 'to you shall be (ye shall have)' Wb. 13}d₃₂

(written ropia 16a_{13, etc., robia 27}b_{6, robia-si 21}c_{17, see § 137 ); doforbad-si (for dob·forbad) 'ye have}

been cut off' 20a_15.

3 pl. nos·ṅ-guid-som 'he beseeches them (eos)' Wb. 25b_{9; dos·ḿ-bérthe 'ye would have given them (eas)'}

19d_{24; dos·ṅ-gniith-si 'do them (ea)' 24}b_{12; immus·acaldat 'they (masc.) address one another' Ml.}

131c_{19; fos·didmat 'they will suffer them (eas)' 15}c_10.

417. B

1 sg. fordom·chomaither 'I am preserved' Sg. 139b_{2; co etardam·dibitis-se 'so that they might destroy}

me' Ml. 54d_{14; fritamm·orcat 'they offend me' 39}c_{27; cotom·erchloither 'I am driven' Sg. 17}a_7;

atam·grennat 'they persecute me' Ml. 39d_{13 (in-graim 'persecution'); addom·suiter-sa 'I am held fast'}

Thes. II. 3, 33 (ad·suidi); atdom·indnastar 'that I be brought' Wb. 7a_{5 (ad·indnaig).}

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2 sg. fortat·tét-su 'let it help thee' Ml. 43b_{11; attot·aig 'which impels thee' Wb. 6}c_{16 (ad·aig); cotot·nert-}

3 sg. masc. cot·n-erba 'he will entrust himself' Ml. 112a_{3; frit·curethar chéill (c = g) 'who worships him'}

41d_{16; at·eomla (c = g) 'he adds himself' (ad·comla) Wb. 4}a_{10 beside ata·eomla Sg. 208}a_10.

fem. forta·comai-som 'preserves it (fem.)' Ml. 29a_{3; ata·rímet 'they reckon it (fem.)' Sg. 26}b_{6 (ad·rími).}

neut. fort·chomi 'preserves it' Sg. 176b_{2; at·beir-som ón (b = β) 'he says this' Wb. 27}c_{18, written ad·beir}

5a_{11; cot·ecat 'they can do it' Sg. 173}b_{4, cotd-icc 'he can do it.' Wb. 5}b_40.

1 pl. fordon-cain 'teaches us' Wb. 31c_{16; atann·eirrig 'who emends us' Ml. 114}d_{10 (substantive}

aithirrech); coton·delcfam 'we will compare ourselves' Wb. 17b_10.

2 pl. fordob·moinetar 'they envy you' Wb. 19d_{27; atab·techam 'we beseech you' ZCP. VII. 485 (ad-tech-);}

co atab·sorchai[g]ther 'that ye may be illuminated' Ml. 53b_{15 (in-sorchugud 'illumination')' atdub·elliub 'I}

will visit you Wb. 7a_{4 (ad·ella); co chotabosad-si (for chotab·bósad) 'that he should crush you' Ml. 18}a_7;

cotof·utuine-si 'upbuilds you Wb. 8c_{16 (sic MS.).}

3 pl. forta·congair 'wire orders them (eas)' Ml. 59c_{11; frita·indle 'which corresponds to them (acc. in Irish,}

= eas)' Sg. 213a_{3; ata·samlibid-si 'ye will imitative them (eos)' Wb. 5}a_{13 (intamil, from ind-ṡamil,}

'imitation'); cota·ucbat 'they (masc.) raise themselves' Thes. II. 11, 40.

418. C

1 sg. trisindam·robae 'through which there has been to me (I have had)' Ml. 126d_{11; indam·erbainn 'in}

which I might trust' (lit. 'trust myself') 29d_{5; arṅdom·roib-se 'so that there may be to me (I may have)'}

Wb. 10d_{13; nudam·chrocha 'which crucifies me' Ml. 32}d_{28; lase arndam·fuirset (f = ƒ) 'when they shall}

detain me' (ar·fuirig) 114c_{11; an}

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condamm·ucbaitis-se 'when they used to exalt me' (con·ucaib) 39d_11.

2 sg. indit·moíde 'on (lit. 'in') which thou mayest pride thyself' Wb. 2b_{12; amal dundat·mecetar-su 'as}

they despise thee' (do·mecetar) Ml. 106c_11.

3 sg. masc. fon chéill fuand·rogab 'in the sense in which he had sung it (masc.)' Ml. 38c_{3; accuis . .}

arin·rogab (with loss of d) 'the reason for which he sang it (masc.)' 35a_{8; condid·moladar 'so that he}

praises him' Wb. 16d_{1; conid·n-deroímed 'that he should protect him' Ml. 55}d_{4; arin·deroíma-som día (for}

arind·n-d. .) 'that God may protect him' 39c_{22; dondí rod·n-dolbi 'to him who has formed it (masc.)' Wb.}

4c_{26; ruda·n-ordan 'which has dignified him' Wb. II. 33}c_{5; forid·tét (t = d) 'who helps him' Ml. 30}c_3;

adid·n-opair 'who offers himself' 66b_{4; frissid·n-oirctis 'who used to injure him' 39}a_{20; conid·n-árraig 'who}

has bound himself' 15c_{1 (con·rig). With relative -n-; areal immind·ráitset 'as they spoke of him' Thes. II.}

241, 11 (Arm.); a connid·rerb-som 'when he entrusted himself' Ml. 33b_{5 (con·erbai), beside a conid·reirb}

54b_{1, cp. 106}b_8.

fem. conda·rici 'as far as it', lit. 'until thou reachest it, (fem.)' Ml. 54c_{34; doda·aidlea 'who visits her' Wb.}

9d_{5; húand úair nunda·bertatar 'from the time that they carried it (fem.) off' Ml. 82}d_{9; amal}

fornda·congair 'as he orders it (fem.)' 94b_{3. For fodaraithmine[dar ] see § 410 b.}

neut. cid arind·epur 'why do I say it?' (lit. what is it for which I say it?') Wb. 5a_{31; ind airm indid·epiur}

'the place in which I say it' 4b_{26; diand·remthíasat 'if they go before it.' 5}a_{32; dian·chomalninn (with loss}

of d) 'if I ye may know had fulfilled it' 3c_{28 arind·fessid (f = ƒ + ̇) 'that ye may know it'12}a_{3; condid}

·tuctis (t unlenited in accordance with § 231, 3 ) 'so that they might understand it' 21c_21;

conid·chumscaiged 'that he should alter it' Ml. 109d_{5; fod·ruar 'which has caused it' Wb. 15}a_{15, Ml. 20}b_17;

fot·dáli (for foddáli or fotáli) 'who distributes (fo·dáli) it' Wb. 12a_{8; adid·géuin 'which has this knowledge}

(lit. has recognized it)' Wb. 12c_{13 (vb.n. aithgne); immid·forling (f = ƒ + ̇) 'which has caused it' 24}a_{34; ní}

arid·garad (g = γ) 'anything that would have forbidden it' Sg. 72b_{6; nech íarmid·oísed (=f + ̇oísed)}

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32a_{5; citid·tucat 'who first understand it' 125}d_{4; tremitíagat (for tremid·tíiagat) 'who transgress it' Wb.}

25d_{14; móu . . . indaas conid·rairlécis-siu 'more than thou hast permitted it' Ml. 87}a_{8 (con·airléci). With}

relative -n-: cosin n-úair rond·chomallastar 'till the time that he had fulfilled it' 122d_{7: amal asind·biur-sa}

(b = β) 'as I say it' Wb. 13a_{29, beside amal asin·biur-sa (with loss of d) 13}a_{29; amal asin·chobra 'as she}

desires it' 10b_{18 (ad·cobra); amal íarmind·ochad (= ·f + ̇ochad) 'as he used to seek it' Ml. 58}c_7.

1 pl. condan·samailter 'so that we are compared' Ml. 63d_{7; indan·comairléce-ni 'into which thou mayest}

let us (fall)' 77d_{7; nodon·nerta-ni 'who strengthens us' Wb. 6}d_{11. 14}c_{35; amal asndon·berat 'as they say}

of us 2a_{12; isindí rondann·ícais-ni 'in that thou hast saved us' Ml. 89}a_{6. For indaron·comarlécis-ni see §}

410 a.

2 pl. tresindippiat (for tresindib·biat) 'through which there shall be to you (ye shall have)' Wb. 25d_8;

condub·tánicc 'until it came to you' 5c_{10; indob·fochad 'whether he was tempting you' 25}a₁₆

(interrogative in ); fordub·cechna 'who shall teach you' 9a_{16; dundab·dúrgathar 'that ye be irritated' Ml.}

79c_{4; forndob·canar 'by which are taught' Wb. 3}b_23.

3 pl. inda·mmoídet 'on (lit. 'in') which they (masc.) pride themselves' Wb. 24a_{30; arnda·beth 'that there}

might be to them' (masc., i.e. 'that, they might have') Ml. 131c_{9; inda·hierr 'wilt thou slay them (eos)?'}

77a_{16 (interrogative in); doda·essarr-som 'which will save them (eos)' Wb. 5}c_{12; arda·túaissi 'who hears}

them (eos)' Ml. 129b_{2; forda·cain 'who teaches them (eos)' 30}d_{12; airindí donda·rigénsat 'because they}

have done them (eas)' 31b_{17; oldaas itirnda·díbed 'than that he should destroy them (eos)' 45}c_{6. With}

relative -n- suppressed: imda·imgabam (for imnda·) 'that we avoid them (ea)' 35d_{19. For foda·rorcenn}

see § 410 b.

Lenition after da occurs twice in Ml.: nada·chelat 'which hide themselves' 54c_{9, ipf. nuda·chéiltis 61}a_{2. It}

has doubtless been taken over from the corresponding forms without infixed pronoun (nu·cheiltis 'which used to hide', § 495 a ).

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INFIXED PRONOUNS AFTER nā + ̆, nī + ́con,

ETC.

419. 1. Before infixed pronouns the negative nā + ̆ (naā + ̆), for which cp. § 862 f., appears as nach- , nách- where the pronoun begins with a vowel, and as nachi- in Wb., nacha- in Ml., where it begins with a consonant. The pronouns have the forms of class C, but without the initial d (thus 3 sg. fem. and 3 pl. -a- ).

Examples: 1 sg. nacham·dermainte 'forget me not,' Ml. 32d_{5. 2 sg. ar-nachit·rindarpither 'so that thou}

mayst not be banished' Wb. 5b_{33; once nacht· (= nachat) before ƒ + ̇, ar-nacht·fordiucail 'so that he may}

not devour thee' Ml. 36a_{32. 1 pl. húare nachan·soírai-nni 'because thou dost not deliver us' 93}d_{10. 2 pl.}

nachib·erpid-si 'entrust not yourselves' Wb. 22d_{6. 3 sg. fem. con-nacha·dánaigfea 'so that he will not}

bestow it (eam)' Ml. 96a_{7. 3 pl. as-nacha·tucad 'out of which he would not have brought them (eos)'}

125b_7.

In the 3 sg. masc. the pronoun can be recognized only by the nasalization of the following initial: con- nach·n-ingéuin 'so that he did not recognise him' Ml. 52; naich·ṅ-déirsed (palatal ch from the neuter, see below) 'that he would not desert him' Sg. 209b_{27. But even this indication is often absent; e.g. con-}

nách·moídea 'that he may not pride himself' Wb. 2b_{4; con-nach·gabad 'that it might not seize him' Ml.}

69a_{7; nachomairlécea (for nach·comairlécea) 'that he may not let him (fall)' 32}d_5.

Corresponding to the above, the 3 sg. neut. is sometimes recognizable only by the lenition of the

following initial; e.g. nách·beir (b = β) 'who does not pass it (judgement)' Wb. 6c_{18; cp. § 422. But more}

naichid·fitir (f = ƒ + ̇) 'who does not know it' Ml. 27d_{7. Occasionally had is used here instead of nach- ;}

e.g. nadid·chreti 'who does not believe it' Wb. 15b_{14. A similar use of -id- for the masculine is also found;}

e.g. nachid·farcaib-som (f = β) 'who has not left him' Hib. Min. p. 14, 462.

In nasalizing relative clauses n is inserted only before pronouns of the third person; these then have the forms of class C, and the negative is na. Examples: nanda·tibérad 'that he would not give them' Ml. 97d_{10; hóre nan·rairigsiur (with loss of d) 'because I have not perceived it (masc.)' Wb.}

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3c_{26; céin nant·rochomairléic-som 'so long as he did not permit it' Ml. 53}d_{9 (nant· for nand· by analogy}

with the form of the copula § 797 ).

420. 2. The strengthened form of the negative nī + ́con ( § 861 ) is not, used in Wb. before infixed pronouns. In Ml. the form of the pronoun after it varies: nícos·fúar-sa 'I have not found them' 57d_{3 (class}

A), cp. niconn·acci 'he does not see us' IT. I. 133, 11; on the other hand, niconda·bia 'they (masc.) shall not have' Ml. 69a_{8; nicond·robae-som 'non fuit ei. he did not have it' 41}a_5.

SPECIAL USES OF INFIXED PRONOUNS

In document Prohibición del Trabajo Infantil y Protección del Trabajo Adolescente (página 118-122)