Planes de manejo en diferentes especies de pinípedos

In  essence,  this  question  asks  you  to  figure  out  WHY  this  argument  was  structured   this  way  -­‐-­‐  why  did  White  first  lead  with  her  example  about  being  16,  and  then  go   into  an  example?  What,  in  essence,  is  she  trying  to  establish  by  presenting  her   argument  in  this  fashion?  

A  clearly  cannot  be  correct  as  White  is  obviously  not  claiming  that  there  is  no   connection  between  social  isolation  and  loneliness;  in  fact,  she  strives  to  explain   their  relationship  by  giving  the  example  of  the  degraded  ecosystem.  If  there  were  no   relationship  between  the  two,  why  would  White  try  to  explain  it?  Clearly,  A  is  

incorrect.  

B  could  be  plausible,  but  read  carefully  -­‐-­‐  she  didn’t  say  teens  don’t  feel  lonely  like   adults  do.  She  said  teens  don’t  need  social  networks  like  adults  do.  Those  are  two   separate  issues,  according  to  the  article.  

C  is  also  incorrect  -­‐-­‐  there  is  no  support  for  this  in  the  article.  She  never  once  says   that  teens  do  not  need  social  networks  to  get  over  loneliness,  only  that  they  view   social  networks  differently  than  adults  do.  

D  is  the  best  answer  by  process  of  elimination,  but  also  because  it  is  true  -­‐-­‐  she  DOES   use  a  cross-­‐disciplinary  example  that  illustrates  that  the  older  generation  has  a   “better”  ecosystem  in  terms  of  relationships,  loneliness,  and  social  networks,  which   helps  to  explain  why  teens  view  these  differently  from  adults  and  why  their  

loneliness  has  dropped  as  their  isolation  has  increased.  The  way  those  two  factors   interact  is  different  today  (she  claims)  than  it  was  twenty  years  ago,  before  the  rise   of  the  internet.  

The  comparison  and  contrast  is  subtle  here,  and  often  the  new  SAT  will  rely  on  this   subtlety  in  order  to  potentially  confuse  you.  Be  on  the  lookout  for  words  that  subtly   signal  relationships  (weak  ER,  strong  ER,  etc.)  as  they  should  lead  you  to  look  for   and  try  to  understand  the  elements  that  are  being  compared.  

Use  of  Quotes  and  Dialogue  

Chronological  and  relational  signal  words  are  simple  to  spot,  but  not  every  piece  of   journalism  will  come  with  a  helpful  string  of  dates,  times,  causes,  effects,  and   comparisons.  To  make  a  piece  interesting  and  informative,  writers  will  often   interview  experts,  eyewitnesses,  and  other  people  of  interest  who  will  bolster  (or   contradict)  whatever  claims  the  article  is  making.  Articles  like  this  are  certainly   more  interesting  than  a  dry  string  of  dates  and  facts,  but  they  can  be  confusing  to   follow  as  different  experts  can  have  different  opinions  and  you  need  to  differentiate   between  who  is  saying  what,  and  in  what  context.  

For  example,  look  at  the  following  article  from  the  Atlantic,  on  the  importance  of   field  trips:  

What  if  those  field  trips  actually  had  a  proven,  tangible  benefit  to  student   learning?  That’s  the  premise  set  out  in  a  new  study  by  Jay  Greene,  a  professor  of   education  reform  at  the  University  of  Arkansas.  

Greene  evaluated  670  students,  who  were  divided  into  two  groups.  The  first   group  of  students  was  chosen  at  random  to  see  a  live  theater  performance  of   either  Hamlet  or  A  Christmas  Carol.  The  second  group  either  read  the  texts  of   the  plays  or  watched  film  versions.  

When  compared  with  their  peers  in  the  second  group,  the  students  who   attended  live  theater  scored  significantly  higher  on  a  vocabulary  test  that   incorporated  language  from  plays,  and  they  were  also  better  able  to  answer   questions  about  the  plot  and  characters,  according  to  Greene's  findings.    

The  live  theater  group  also  scored  higher  on  tests  that  measured  their   tolerance  of  diverse  points  of  view  and  ability  to  detect  emotions  in  other   people.  Those  gains  were  still  measurable  six  weeks  after  students  attended  the   live  theater  performance,  Greene  said.  

focused  on,  namely  improving  math  and  reading  test  scores,"  Greene  told  me.   "Anything  that  isn’t  directly  related  to  that  doesn’t  attract  as  much  of  their   attention,  their  resources,  or  their  time."  

In  metro  Atlanta,  field  trips  are  being  used  as  both  a  means  of  reinforcing   classroom  instruction  and  providing  students  with  new  experiences.  

"It’s  important  for  [students]  to  learn  the  standards  and  perform  well  on  these   standardized  tests,"  Jason  Marshall,  a  principal  at  an  elementary  school  in  the   Atlanta  area,  told  the  Atlanta  Journal-­‐Constitution.  "But  I  think  the  way  we’ve   always  approached  it  is  the  day  they  take  a  test  is  really  just  a  snapshot  of  what   they  learn.  We’re  interested  in  them  learning  much  more  about  their  

community,  …  their  state,  country,  world  and  how  all  those  things  are   interconnected."  

A  question  about  text  structure  for  an  article  like  this  may  ask  you  what  a  specific   expert  says,  forcing  you  to  ensure  that  you  understand  and  can  differentiate  

between  one  expert’s  opinion  and  another’s  (or  the  expert’s  opinion  and  the  opinion   of  the  writer).  Keep  your  eyes  peeled  for  quotes  and  make  sure  that  you  mark  down   who  is  saying  what,  as  the  use  of  multiple  quotes  from  multiple  sources  can  often   confuse  students  about  who  is  saying  what  and  why  they  are  saying  it.  For  example,   try  this  question:  

Based  on  the  quotes  from  educators  in  this  article,  how  would  a  high-­‐ school  principal  approach  field  trips  (leaving  aside  concerns  about   cost)?  

A.  There  is  not  enough  information  in  this  article  to  answer  this  question