2. INTRODUCCIÓN
2.4 Aspectos histopatológicos del Esófago de Barrett
2.4.2 Positivo para displasia, de bajo y alto grado
1 d4
The queen's pawn opening, to paraphrase George Bernard Shaw, "offers the maximum of security with the maximum of opportunity."
With the first move, White occu pies the centre with a pawn and frees two of the queenside pieces.
His general plan of development runs somewhat as follows:
He will establish and maintain at least one pawn in the centre.
This pawn will act as a support to
a knight outpost at e5 or c5. The bishops are to take charge of key diagonals or pin enemy pieces.
The rooks are to control the open or partly open files.
The queen should stand at c2 or e2, close to home but off the back rank.
The king should find safety in castling, preferably on the kingside. Basically, White's aim is to gain space and crowd Black to the wall. With less room to move around in, and with the consequent difficulty of manoeuvring his pieces effectively, Black will be forced to weaken his position. He will have to make some poor moves, because good moves are not easily available in a cramped
position. The weaknesses will come to light, and the opportunity to ex ploit them will come in the form of a combination, resolving the issue at one stroke.
1 ... d5
This is a more forthright move than l . ..ttlf6. Either of these moves prevents White from playing 2 e4 and establishing two pawns in the centre. The text-move offsets White's pressure in the centre and creates a state of equilibrium there.
2 e3
A strangely passive move in an opening where every single moment counts.
Usually, White strikes at Black's d-pawn by 2 c4 to weaken his grip on the centre. Or, if White does not want to show his hand too soon, he simply develops a piece by 2 ttlf3.
2 ... c5
So Black takes the initiative and plays this all-important freeing move. It opens the c-file for the use of the rooks and gives the b8-knight more scope by letting it come out at c6. The c-pawn itself puts up a fight for possession of the centre by its attack on White's d-pawn.
3 c3
Indicating that he intends to reply to 3 ... cxd4 with 4 cxd4. This would keep his pawn position in the centre intact and open the c-file for his ma jor pieces.
3 ... e6
Black must protect the c-pawn. Otherwise White might play 4 dxc5, and then hang on to the extra pawn by supporting it with 5 b4.
4 .id3
Ostend 1907 149
The bishop develops to a useful diagonal, where it exerts pressure on the centre and is ready to participate in a kingside attack.
4 ... ttlc6 (D)
A rare opportunity for this knight, who seldom gets good breaks in queen's pawn openings. From its post at c6 the knight brings consider able influence to bear on e5 and d4 and, as it later turns out, on another important sector.
5 f4
White has made four out of five moves with pawns in order to secure a particular arrangement known as the Stonewall Attack. Aside from the fact that making so many pawn moves in the opening is a flagrant vi olation of principle, the adoption of a system which calls for the launch ing of an attack by a preconceived formation of pieces, without regard to the advisability of an attack and without reference to the requirements of the particular position, is contrary to the concept of proper strategy and to the spirit of chess itself. What such an expedition amounts to is un dertaking the risk of assuming the
150 Game 23: Van Vliet - Znosko-Borovsky
offensive against an enemy whose force is equal, whose line-up of power is unknown and who has be trayed no vulnerable points. Under these conditions, an attack is prema ture and is sure to be repulsed and turned into a disorderly retreat. If any such system worked, it would be
fine for White, who would always win, but then who would want to play Black?
5 ••• lbf6
An excellent development while awaiting developments! Both Black's knights are poised beautifully, with one watching over e5 and d4, while the other keeps the two remaining central squares under observation.
6 lL'ld2
This knight has the unhappy choice of making its entrance at this square or at a3. At d2, it blocks the bishop and itself has no bright pros pects in view. At a3 it is only half a knight, since it reaches at most in four directions instead of eight.
6 .•. 'fic7
Very good, since the heavy pieces (the queen and the rooks) fulfil their functions best when placed on open files, or files likely to be opened.
The queen develops with gain of tempo since a positional threat is in volved - which White either over looks, or disregards.
7 ltJgf3 (D)
Routine and in this case thought less development. White is so intent on carrying out the basic theme of the Stonewall attack (posting of a knight at e5, stoutly supported by pawns) that he fails to stop at every move to ask himself, "What does my
opponent threaten with his last move? Has he any checks or cap tures that cut down my choice of re ply?"
7 cxd4!
Black wrenches the c-file open at one blow!
8 cxd4
The point of Black's move is re vealed in this forced recapture. White could not take by 8 exd4 (hoping to maintain strong pawn support for the prospective stationing of a knight at e5) as that permits the brutal reply
8 . . .'iixf4 winning a pawn for Black.
The alternative, 8 lbxd4, conflicts with the system White had deter mined to follow before lines of bat tle were drawn up. In that scheme of things, the knight belongs at e5, not d4, while the d4-square should be occupied by a pawn.
8 ... lL'lb4!
A disturbing attack on the bishop! Without the services of this piece, White can never hope to work up an effective kingside attack.
9 i.bl
An unusual square of retreat, but the only one available if the bishop
wants to stay on the diagonal leading to Black' s kingside.
White is not too troubled by this setback. He expects to drive the en emy knight off with 10 a3 and then reorganize his troops.
9 ... �d7
A quiet move, but a subtle one. The bishop will make its presence felt, even from this modest start.
Black is now prepared to shift his rook over to c8 to strengthen his grip on the c-file.
10 a3
Before going about his business, White must dislodge the annoying knight, which disconcerts his entire queenside.
10 :cS (D)
This counterattack must have come as a surprise to White.
What shall he do against the threat of 1 1 ... 'ifxc 1 ? If he plays 1 1 axb4, there comes l l ...'Wxc 1 12 lha7 (cer tainly not 12 'Wxcl l:hcl+, and Black wins a rook) 12 ... 'Wxb2 (threatening 13 ... :cl, pinning the queen) 13 0-0 'ifxb4, and Black is a pawn ahead and a passed pawn at that.
11 0-0
Ostend 1907 151
Now the bishop is guarded by queen and rook, and so safe from capture. The king meanwhile goes into hiding.
11 ... �b5!
The bishop seizes a fine diagonal with gain of time, as White must move his rook out of range.
12 lle1
Clearly forced, since 12 l:.f2 1oses on the spot to 12 ... 'Wxcl , while 1 2 axb4 �xfl (threatening to continue with 1 3 ... 'ifxcl) costs the exchange.
12 ... lDc2! (D)
An attack on both rooks which leaves White no choice of reply. He must remove this terrible knight.
13 �xc2
After the alternative capture 1 3 'Wxc2, Black plays 1 3 .. . 'ifxc2 14 �xc2 l:.xc2 and has a rook on the
seventh rank, as in the actual game.
13 ... 'ii'xc2
Black penetrates into the vitals of the enemy's position - the seventh rank.
White is almost paralysed: His el-rook and queen are pre vented from moving by Black's b5- bishop.
152 Game 23: Van Vliet - Znosko-Borovsky
His bishop cannot move at all. One knight must stay at d2 to pre vent 14 ... lbe4.
The al-rook can move - but to no avail.
14 'ii'xc2
So he exchanges his helpless queen for Black's active one.
14 ... l:txc2
The upshot of Black's positional combination is that it has given him full control of the open file and a grip on the seventh rank with his rook. The position of the rook at c2 has a terribly constricting effect on White's game. It is especially trou blesome as the rook is not easily driven off, while White's pieces are still in each other's way.
15 h3
To prevent 15 ... lbg4, an invasion by another piece.
15 ... .td6
The bishop develops to a useful diagonal.
16 lbb1 (D)
White's idea is to rearrange his forces so as to get some freedom of movement. He plans the continua tion 17 lbc3 .ta6 18 l:td1, followed
by 19 l:td2, to get rid of Black's an noying rook. By this means, his bishop might eventually see some action.
16 ... lbe4!
The knight immediately pounces on this excellent outpost! Not only does this throttle any freeing ad vance of the e3-pawn, but it also sweeps aside White's plan of reorga nization. If White tries 17 lbc3, then
17 ... lbxc3 18 bxc3 l:.xc3 wins a pawn for Black.
17 lbfd2
White therefore tries to exchange or otherwise dispose of Black's powerfully placed knight. After that, he might arrive at some reasonable development.
17 ... .td3
Black falls in with this offer, with the stipulation that if knights are to be exchanged, he wants another piece occupying the outpost e4.
18 lbxe4
White has no option but to clear the board of as many pieces as he can, otherwise he will never be able to extricate his forces from their tan gled position. The move 18 lbc3, which earlier would have lost a pawn, is even worse now because after 18 ... lbxd2 19 .txd2 l:txd2 Black wins a piece.
18 ... .tx
e
4Black recaptures with the threat of 19 ... l:txg2+, so White has no time to play 19 lbc3.
19 lbd2 (D)
White saves the g-pawn by block ing the rook, but he cuts off his own bishop as well - and White's back to the previous entanglement.
Unfortunately, nothing else is promising. If 19 �d2, then 19 ... .l:txb2 20 l:tc1 (getting an open file for the pawn and threatening 21 l:tc8+) 20 ... �d7, and White will be driven off the file by the threat of 21...�xb1 winning more material, or 21.. .l:tc8
opposing rooks on the file.
19 'otd7
Much more energetic than cas tling. Mating threats are not likely with so few pieces on the board, hence the king comes out into the open. The king's power increases with every reduction of force, and, as befits a fighting piece, the king heads for the centre to assist in the attack. Meanwhile, a new avenue has been opened for the benefit of the h8-rook.
20 lt:lxe4
White's only hope is to keep clearing the board.
20 ... dxe4
After this recapture, a survey shows the inferiority of White's po sition:
'I)le bishop is undeveloped, pre venting communication between the rooks.
Ostend 1907 153
�he pawn cluster in the centre is completely immobilized.
All the pieces are still on the first rank.
Aside from the features of this particular position, it is important to appreciate the peculiar strength with which a rook is imbued when it dominates (as Black's does) the sev enth rank:
• It attacks the pawns still remain
ing on the rank, striking all along the line, so that defending them is difficult.
• The rook can get behind pawns
that have moved off the rank and maintain constant pressure, since the pawns are always under attack by the rook, no matter how far up the file they move.
• The rook restrains the enemy king
from coming out to take a hand in the ending, by guarding the line of exit.
The moral is:
In the opening, shift the rooks to ward the centre, on files likely to be opened.
In the middlegame, seize the open files and command them with your rooks.
In the ending, post your rooks on the seventh rank. Doubled rooks on the seventh rank are almost irresist ible in mating attacks. If there is lit tle material left on the board, the seventh rank is a convenient means of manoeuvring a rook behind en emy pawns.
21 l:tb1
Preparing to play 22 b4 followed by 23 �b2, to let the bishop finally see daylight.
154 Game 23: Van Vliet - Znosko-Borovsky
It is useless to attempt to dislodge Black's rook, for example after 21 <j;fl l:thc8 22 l:te2 l:txc 1 + Black wins a piece.
21 •.• :hc8
The doubling of rooks on an open file more than doubles their strength
on that file.
Their power is manifest here, where they reduce White's resistance to the feeble hope of developing his bishop. White's rooks may not leave the first rank unless the bishop does so first.
22 b4
This makes the b2-square avail able to the bishop.
22 ... :Sc3
Discouraging that project! Against 23 .ib2, Black plays 23 .. J:tb3, with a double attack on the bishop. This forces 24 J.al, when 24 .. Jha3 wins a pawn for Black, who then doubles rooks on the seventh rank for an easy win.
23 �n (D)
The king comes closer to guard the rook, which will protect the bishop when it comes off the first rank. Stated in chess language, White
intends 24 .ib2 l:tb3 25 l:te2 (a move previously impossible) when all points are at least temporarily se- cure.
23 ... <j;c6
The king takes a hand in the end ing, making its way in along the weakened light squares.
Tarrasch's recipe in similar cases is ''The king must be moved (in the
ending) as far as is compatible with
his safety, right into the enemy camp, where he can capture pawns, hold up hostile pawns and lead his own pawns on to queen."
Reuben Fine says clearly and simply, "The king is a strong piece use it!"
24 J.b2
The bishop manages to emerge, but is it too late?
24 ... :b3
Immediately attacking the bishop and forcing White's next move.
25 :e2
Clearly the only way to save the bishop without losing the a-pawn. If instead 25 l:tecl, then 25 ... l:txb2 wins a piece for Black.
25 ... l:txe2
Black is happy to exchange rooks and simplify the ending. He retains a positional advantage in the superior mobility of his pieces, including his king, who plans to get in among the enemy pawns and wreak havoc there.
26 �xe2
White recaptures and threatens to extricate himself by 27 .l:Ic 1 + �b5 28 l:tc2, and the bishop is unpinned while the rook (after 29 J.c l) might even utilize the open file!
26 ... 'it>bS
Lightly stepping aside, the king evades the check. He is headed for a4, to get a good grip on White's queenside before starting to under mine the pawns on that wing.
27 �d2
White's rook and bishop are im mobilized, so he is reduced to king moves and not too many at that, as the e-pawn needs protection.
27 ... 'it>a4
Before starting the decisive com bination, Black renders the opposing pawns impotent.
28 'it>e2 (D)
All that White has left, aside from meaningless moves by the kingside pawns.
28 aS!
Pawns, as we shall see, are unex celled as spearheads of an attack. They can break through almost any barrier.
Black's threat is 29 ... axb4 30 axb4 'iitxb4, winning a pawn.
29 'it>f2
On 29 bxa5, 29 ... i.xa3 regains the pawn and then wins the bishop, while after 29 'it>d2 axb4 30 axb4
Ostend 1907 155
i.xb4+ 31 �c2 i.a3 Black exchanges all the pieces to leave himself with an extra pawn and an elementary win.
29 ... axb4
The first bit of booty. 30 axb4
Otherwise Black's pawn contin ues to wreak havoc.
30 ... 'it>xb4 (D)
Black does not take with the rook or the bishop. Either would give White time for 3 1 .:tal+ and free dom for his bishop.
31 'iii>e2
White is restricted to waiting moves.
31 'it>bS!
Here, too, moving the king to the a-file or the c-fiie allows a check by the rook.
Black now threatens to double the pressure on the pinned bishop by 32 ... i.a3 and win a piece.
32 'iti>d2
The king moves closer to save the bishop.
32 ... i.a3
Forcing the issue by attacking the bishop again.
156 Game 23: Van Vliet - Znosko-Borovsky
33 <3ic2 (D) The only move.
33 l:.xb2+!
Clearing the board of pieces and reducing to a pawn ending. This is the simplest way of winning an end ing with an extra pawn.
34 l:xb2+ White must recapture.
34 ... i.xb2
Continuing the simplification. 35 <3ixb2
The only move.
35 ... �c4
Threatening to get at the kingside pawns by way of d3.
36 �c2
Preventing the planned invasion.
36 ... b5
Passed pawns must be pushed! This clinches the win, as White can not stop the pawn without letting Black's king come in among his de serted pawns.
0-1
The continuation might be 37 g4 b4 38 h4 b3+ 39 �d2 b2 40 �c2 b l'iir'+ 4 1 �xbl �d3 42 �cl lii>xe3 43 'iitd l 'iii>f2, and the new passed pawn moves up the board to become a queen.