Servicios No Aeronáuticos Comerciales Facultativos

From the Greek amphi “both, of two kinds, on both sides, around, double” and the grass genus Bromus L. or bromos “food, the oat,” possibly alluding to similarity with the genus Avena L.

About 6-12 species, Australia, New Zealand, South Amer- ica. Pooideae, Poodae, Aveneae, or Pooideae, Poeae, Aveninae, perennial, aquatic or semi aquatic, slender, her- baceous, erect or geniculate at base, tufted or spreading, sometimes decumbent, stems with swollen nodes, rhizoma- tous, auricles absent, sheath margins free, ligule membra- nous and entire becoming lacerated with age, leaves often rough to scabrous, linear leaf blade flat or inrolled, glabrous nodes, hollow internodes, plants bisexual, hidden cleisto- genes when present in the leaf sheaths, inflorescence a narrow loose elongated panicle with slender branches, sol- itary spikelets compressed laterally and pedicellate, flower- ing may be cleistogamous or chasmogamous, florets bisexual 3-10 or uppermost male, 2 subequal glumes acute or obtuse, firm lemmas longer than the glumes, lemmas toothed or bifid, awns more or less twisted geniculate or straight, callus hairy to silky, palea with 2 ciliate keels and apically notched, 2 lodicules free and membranous, 3 sta- mens, ovary glabrous or slightly hairy at apex, 2 stigmas white, common in damp areas, wet or inundated habitats, waterholes and swamps, lagoons, sometimes referred to

Helictotrichon Besser, type Amphibromus neesii Steud., see London Journal of Botany 2: 420. 1843, Synopsis Plantarum

Glumacearum 1: 328. 1854 and Jason Richard Swallen

(1903-1991), “The grass genus Amphibromus.” Amer. J.

Bot. 18: 411-415. 1931, Feddes Repertorium 45: 7. 1938,

S.W.L. Jacobs and L. Lapinpuro, “The Australian species of Amphibromus (Poaceae).” in Telopea 2: 715-729. 1986,

A Key to Australian Grasses 1-150. 1990, Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 48: 108-109.

2003.

Species

A. archeri (Hook.f.) P. Morris (Amphibromus archeri

(Hook.f.) P. Morris var. papillosus P. Morris; Amphibromus

neesi sensu Rodway, p.p., non Steudel; Danthonia archeri

Hook.f.) (the species is dedicated to the Australian (born in Tasmania) botanist William Archer, 1820-1874 (d. Long- ford, Tasmania), architect, Fellow of the Linnean Society, correspondent of Sir Joseph D. Hooker (1817-1911), sent algae to William Henry Harvey; see G. Whiting, The Prod-

ucts and Resources of Tasmania. With an Appendix con-

taining papers on the Vegetable Products … By the Hon. W. Archer. [London. International Exhibition, 1862.] Hobart Town 1862; Joseph Dalton Hooker, Flora Tasma-

niae. 1: 262, t. 80, 81. London 1857; J. Lanjouw & F.A.

Stafleu, Index Herbariorum. Part II, Collectors A-D. Reg- num Vegetabile vol. 2. 1954; R. Desmond, Dictionary of

British & Irish Botanists and Horticulturists. 20. London

1994; Stafleu & Cowan, Taxonomic literature. 1: 58. Utrecht 1976)

South Australia, Victoria, Tasmania. Perennial, caespitose, erect, basal culm internodes often swollen, basal leaf sheaths not keeled, auricles absent, ligule acute and mem- branous, leaf blades ribbed or channelled, leaves often rough to scabrous, panicle erect, cleistogamous or chasmog- amous spikelets, glumes unequal and glabrous, lemma bris- tled, scabrous awn bent and twisted, palea 2-keeled, lodicules hyaline, yellow-brown glabrous and oblong fruit, in damp areas, wet or inundated habitats, waterholes and swamps, lagoons, see Flora Tasmaniae 2: 122, t. 163B. 1858 and Victorian Naturalist; Journal and Magazine of

the Field Naturalists’ Club of Victoria 51: 146-147, t. 26,

2-3. Melbourne 1934, Telopea 2: 726. 1986.

in English: swamp wallaby-grass, pointed swamp wallaby- grass (wallaby = small kangaroo)

A. fluitans Kirk (Amphibromus gracilis P. Morris)

Victoria, Tasmania, New South Wales, New Zealand. Peren- nial, lowland to montane, rare or threatened or endangered, erect or floating above, decumbent culms rooting at lower nodes, rhizomatous or stoloniferous, glabrous to scabrous, weakly tufted, auricles absent, papery leaf sheaths not keeled, ligule entire, leaf blade flat or linear, panicle more or less erect enclosed below by uppermost leaf sheath, spikelets spreading and erect, cleistogamous or chasmoga- mous, glumes unequal, lemmas hispid and 2-toothed, awn straight and stout, palea smooth and 2-keeled, ovary

100 Amphibromus Nees

glabrous, fruit yellow-brown to dark, occurs in shallow waters, wetlands, open habitats, in permanent swamps, see

Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute

16: 374, t. 28. 1884 and American Journal of Botany 18: 411-415. 1931, Victoria Naturalist 51: 145, t. 26, f. 5. 1934,

Telopea 2: 728-729. 1986, Wellington Bot. Soc. Bull. 43:

29-32. 1987, Fl. New Zealand 5: 298-299. 2000.

in English: graceful swamp wallaby-grass, water brome, river swamp wallaby-grass

A. macrorhinus S.W.L. Jacobs & Lapinpuro (Amphibromus

neesii sensu Jessop)

South Australia, Western Australia, New South Wales, Vic- toria, Tasmania. Perennial, endangered grass, tufted, small tussocks, erect, coarse, auricles absent, ligule acute and membrane-like, basal leaf sheaths not keeled, leaves gla- brous to scabrous, panicles erect and open with spreading spikelets, spikelets cleistogamous or chasmogamous, glumes more or less unequal, lemma papillose and rough, awn bent and slightly twisted, fruit yellow-brown to dark, similar to Amphibromus nervosus (Hook.f.) Druce, occurs on floodplains, riverbanks, inland and coastal rivers, grass- land, riparian habitats, in damp soaks, in waterholes and low-lying wet places, see Telopea 2(6): 723. 1986. in English: long-nosed swamp wallaby-grass

A. neesii Steudel (Amphibromus nervosus (Hook.f.) Druce;

Amphibromus nervosus (Hook.f.) Baill.; Avena nervosa R.

Br., nom. illeg., non Avena nervosa Lam.; Avenastrum ner-

vosum (R. Br.) Vierh.; Danthonia archeri Hook.f.; Dantho- nia nervosa Colenso, nom. illeg., non Danthonia nervosa

Hook.f.; Danthonia nervosa Hook.f., nom. illeg., non Avena

nervosa R. Br.; Helictrotrichon neesi (Steud.) Stace) (for

the German (b. near Erbach, Hesse) botanist Christian Gottfried (Daniel) Nees von Esenbeck, 1776-1858 (d. Bre- slau, Wroclaw), physician, 1800 Dr. Med., editor of Robert Brown, professor of botany, botanical collector; see J.H. Barnhart, Biographical notes upon botanists. 2: 542. 1965) New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania. Perennial, rare, light green, graceful, tall and weeping, tufted, sometimes rhi- zomatous, forming erect tussocks and colonies, basal culm internodes not swollen, auricles absent, ligule acute, leaf sheaths glabrous or scabrous, leaves very rough to scabrous, panicle open and very loose, spreading spikelets clei- stogamous or chasmogamous, glumes green and purplish, awn flexuous, palea acute and 2-keeled, fruit yellow-brown to dark, flowers in response to rain or flooding, growing in marshes and lagoons, open habitats, wetlands, wet ground, bog gardens, floodplains, river flats, often confused with

Amphibromus nervosus (Hook.f.) Druce, see Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae 1: 178. 1810, Synopsis Plantarum Glumacearum 1: 328. 1854, Flora Tasmaniae 2: 121-122,

t. 163A, B. 1858, Histoire des Plantes 12: 203. 1893, Trans-

actions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 28:

612. 1896 and Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft Deutscher

Naturforscher und Ärzte 85(2): 672. 1914, Botanical Soci- ety and Exchange Club of the British Isles 1916: 604. 1917, Telopea 2: 718, 721, 726. 1986, Watsonia 18: 413. 1991.

in English: swamp wallaby-grass, Southern swamp wall- aby-grass

A. nervosus (Hook.f.) Druce (Amphibromus neesii sensu

Jessop; Amphibromus neesii Steud.; Amphibromus nervosus (Hook.f.) Baill.; Avena nervosa R. Br., nom. illeg., non

Avena nervosa Lam.; Avenastrum nervosum Vierh.; Avena- strum nervosum (R. Br.) Vierh.; Danthonia nervosa

Colenso, nom. illeg., non Danthonia nervosa Hook.f.; Dan-

thonia nervosa Hook.f., nom. illeg., non Avena nervosa R.

Br.; Helictotrichon neesii (Steud.) Stace)

South Australia, Western Australia, New South Wales, Vic- toria. Perennial, tufted, erect, semiaquatic, sometimes root- ing at the nodes, auricles absent, ligule acute, sheaths glabrous, leaves glabrous to scabrous, leaf blade linear, panicle erect, spreading spikelets cleistogamous or chas- mogamous, glumes more or less unequal and acute, lemma scabrous, awn bent and twisted, palea acute and 2-keeled, fruit compressed and glabrous, flowers in response to rain or flooding, withstands summer drought, similar to Amphib-

romus neesii Steudel, found in open habitats, swamps, moist

areas, on the floodplains and banks of rivers, see Prodromus

Florae Novae Hollandiae 1: 178. 1810, Synopsis Plantarum Glumacearum 1: 328. 1854, Flora Tasmaniae 2: 121-122,

t. 163A, B. 1858, Histoire des Plantes 12: 203. 1893, Trans-

actions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 28:

612. 1896 and Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft Deutscher

Naturforscher und Ärzte 85(2): 672. 1914, Botanical Soci- ety and Exchange Club of the British Isles 1916: 604. 1917, Telopea 2: 718, 720-721, 726. 1986, Watsonia 18: 413.

1991.

in English: common swamp wallaby-grass, veined swamp wallaby-grass, swamp wallaby-grass

A. pithogastrus S.W.L. Jacobs & Lapinpuro (Greek pithos

“a large jar” and gaster “belly, paunch”)

New South Wales, Victoria. Perennial, rare, tufted, not stoloniferous, swellings on the lower nodes, auricles absent, short ligule acute and entire, leaf sheaths glabrous, leaves glabrous to scabrous, leaf blades linear, panicle erect and slender, green to cream to straw-colored flowers, clei- stogamous spikelets, spikelets on hispid pedicels, flowers in response to rain or flooding, glumes green, lemmas swol- len, awn bent and twisted, short palea glabrous and acute, fruit yellow-brown, rare or threatened or endangered, pre- sumed extinct in the south eastern part of New South Wales, similar to Amphibromus neesii Steudel, found in seasonally wet places, marshes and intermittent wetlands, moist hab- itats, near swamps, riparian forests, in swampy areas, see

Telopea 2(6): 724. 1986.