Estado de la discusión y de la práctica de la promoción de la salud en Colombia

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Claudia Patricia Toro Ramírez

: Socióloga, Especialista en Técnicas de Investigación Social,

Magister en Desarrollo Educativo y Social.

Alvaro León Yepes Marín

: Médico y Cirujano, Magister en Salud Colectiva.

Berena Patricia Torres Marín

: Antropóloga, Magister en Salud Colectiva.

Martha Lucía Escobar Pérez

: Médico y Cirujano, Especialista en Salud Ocupacional,

Magister en Salud Colectiva.

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Agradecemos a los autores de las investigaciones e informes de prácticas, así como a las

personas que accedieron a las entrevistas, sin estos insumos hubiera sido imposible el desarrollo

de esta investigación.

A las universidades, ONG y personas de las cuatro ciudades, que permitieron la revisión de

sus materiales.

A la Facultad de Enfermería de la Universidad de Antioquia quien abrió el espacio para el

desarrollo de esta investigación.

A la doctora Claudia Toro, investigadora principal, asesora y amiga, quien fue el motor y

guía en este aprendizaje.

A nuestras familias, compañeros y amigos, que nos apoyaron estos dos años y

comprendieron nuestras ausencias.

A las personas de las distintas ciudades, que de una u otra forma se vincularon a la

recolección, organización y digitación del material.

Con el objeto de describir el estado de la discusión y las características de las prácticas en la

década comprendida entre los años 1991–1999 en Colombia, se eligieron como unidades de

trabajo: las investigaciones de posgrado, los eventos y las entrevistas a personas clave, de la

promoción de la salud; sistematizaciones y documentos relacionados con las prácticas de

promoción de la salud. La información se localizó en las ciudades de Medellín, Bogotá, Cali y

Manizales.

Se trata de un análisis documental histórico hermenéutico, en tanto que se centra en la

comprensión de los discursos de teoría y práctica con la intención de reorientar la propuesta de

promoción de la salud como práctica social.

La promoción de la salud en Colombia en la última década, de acuerdo al análisis realizado,

presenta avances, aunque se queda corta en los planteamientos epistemológicos y teóricos. La

práctica presenta dificultades en su ejecución, debido a la falta de coherencia entre fundamentos,

propósitos y metodologías.

Para la práctica social de la promoción de la salud es importante fortalecer los procesos de

formación de los actores y el abordaje de metodologías cualitativas, en las que interactúen las

ciencias sociales y humanas, pedagógicas y de la salud, que permitan realizar acciones de

manera comprensiva y transformadora, así como incidir en el objeto de la promoción de la salud:

la vida.

&

"El motivo de la enorme dulzura de esta vida es que está modelada por muchos

sueños e ilusiones. ¡que importa que el sueño sea engañoso, mientras la

imaginación esté llena de realidades! Sin ellos el hombre estaría constantemente

acosado por la necesidad. Estas son las mayores riquezas de la vida.¡Que

vengan pues a ocupar su lugar, que su existencia sea eterna!" Bibhouti

Bhoushan Banerji.

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"Sostenemos que solo emerge la deliberación, la conciencia de lo que estamos

ejecutando, cuando este fluir en la transparencia por alguna razón se ve

interrumpido: cuando se produce lo que llamamos un quiebre. Un quiebre

diremos, es una interrupción en El fluir transparente de la vida". Antonio Elizalde

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"Toca a la imaginación creadora de nuestros filósofos, artistas y científicos,

redescubrir no lo más lejano, sino lo más íntimo y diario: el misterio que es cada

uno de nosotros. Para reinventar el amor como pedía el poeta, Tenemos que

inventar otra vez al hombre... Si nuestro mundo ha de recobrar la salud, La cura

debe ser dual: la resurrección política Incluye la resurrección del amor". Octavio

Paz

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