tradition are the engines of identity, common vision and issues would be the fuel that feeds the identity. The horizontal factors are a constant need for an identity to be maintained, the context is a determining factor to achieve it. Moreover, it is necessary to underline the importance of the contrast created between the different identities, which is given by human nature to try to differentiate itself from others. According to these notions, we can interpret that a city already differentiated between its parts already conveys different identities already formed, where individuality does not go hand in hand with group mobility. And within this individuality, identity develops through an exchange of horizontal influence that is generated in the relationship with other individualities. There are two ways of understanding identity. It can be conceptualized through the autonomous analysis of individualities, while if one seeks to understand its management, it is preferable to compare it with other similar groups that are understood through social interaction and mobility (Cinoglu et al, 2012).
Picture 5. Resident placed a wood workshop infrastructure on the street near metro station in Villa el Salvador, converting it to a family business. Source: author.
In natural environments, fragmentation has been due to natural factors such as mountain chains or lakes. But in a city like the one analyzed in this research, the reason cannot be natural since Lima is homogeneous in territory, only limited by mountain chains that are now being populated. This research will focus on analyzing a district where there are no natural factors that can determine its fragmentation. Therefore the generation of incompatible identities is due to sociological factors, where the interaction is vital to be able to weave them.
2.2.2 Plurality of identities in urban development
One of the main challenges for urban planning in the future is to balance the needs of the population without compromising environmental sustainability and the resources needed for survival. An important actor in the environment is the people and their differences can be apart from the challenge, their solution.
Professional approaches have always been directed towards proposing a novel solution, contrary to the problem. But as we can understand in medicine, vaccines are created by modifying the virus, using the actor.
2.2.2.1 Participation involvement
Social identity begins with the personal, and these are each of the nuances that form the culture. Although it is individual, it is formed from the collectivity, since it is through the reflection of contrasting ideas in a society that identity is generated (Abrams, 2001). These benefit personally and therefore provide collective benefits to society (Jeannotte, 2003). To ensure these benefits it is important that an interaction between the individual identities takes place.
Social interaction is not achieved with the new infrastructure, since it does not necessarily imply access to it. What can be achieved as a direct consequence is education, capacity building and new opportunities, but more elements are needed
for social interaction. Since infrastructure entails more opportunities for personal development, we can stipulate that this is more related to the approach in which the generation of infrastructure is directed. According to the International Initiative for Impact Assessment (IIIE) report, communities with infrastructure lose interest as the project is located, in what the report calls the attrition funnel. Citizen awareness in the stages of a community development project begins at more than 60 percent in terms of recognition of the idea and progressively decreases to less than 10 percent awareness of its cost. This means that by the time the project is carried out, there is no knowledge of it. The detachment to new projects for the city becomes usual, generating the sensation of not feeling part of the change. Where participation is mainly conditioned by the need that frames the project. If there is no need, it ends up being an infrastructure project disconnected from oneself. The emphasis ends up being on the object but not on the user. Therefore, from this perspective, the use of the object can only be measured when the object is affected, leaving aside the actor and his identity, who uses it and interacts with it. The relationship between need and individual benefits mentioned above becomes relevant in order to reinterpret this synergy between change projects and beneficiaries.
2.2.2.2 Connectivity interaction
The interaction takes place in the urban space, which are spaces that circumscribe the different actors in the city in a group level as passing from an individual level, which is a loop builds knowledge through communication and action (Postdem et al, 2006). This urban space depends on the infrastructure to be able to function integrally for all the inhabitants. This interaction requires the functioning of the city, understanding that a city without infrastructure will have difficulties in doing so. It is also understood that the interaction is generated by its inhabitants since they are the ones who have generated through the years social processes for its improvement (Sousa, 2018).
In the case of Bogotá, the capital of Colombia, which now has a bus system that connects the city, this is an example of how to repair an already fragmented city that was experiencing various social difficulties. Generating a city with the possibility of healing itself through new social interaction This was achieved by not determining the solution of parts, but a comprehensive vision of the city that generated an integral system for all its residents. (Cesafsky, 2017; Castro and Echevarrí, 2011). But it should also be noted that connectivity does not necessarily induce integration. In a city like Lima with so many social differences and an innate need to seek to differentiate oneself from others, integration is limited.
And it is here that the above-mentioned point becomes relevant.