An introduction to library use, study skills and information and communication technology is a culmination of over ten years of undergraduate teaching. Georgina Ekpenyong, Deputy University Librarian and Adetoun Oyelude, Chief Catalogue, both of Kenneth Dike Library, University of Ibadan for reading the manuscript and making helpful suggestions. We thank Clement Mamudu, Head of the Department of English at Igbinedion University Okada.
INTRODUCTION TO LIBRARY
UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN LIBRARY
Libraries are places of education
Libraries are places where people go to seek information and quench their thirst for knowledge. Depending on the needs of users or information seekers, libraries are always and easily accessible and available to answer all queries and keep the user informed.
Libraries are dynamic institutions
Libraries bring the world close to you
Use of the Library course has been made compulsory for students because of the importance of the library to their academic pursuit. Know and follow library rules and regulations to foster an environment conducive to research.
- The Binding
- The Preliminary Pages
- The Text
- The Auxiliary Pages
These are the pages that introduce the book; pages come before the main text of the book. The preface may also describe, in more detail than a preface, the research, methods, and general concept of the book.
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARIES
The public library is mainly established to meet the information needs of the public. Any problem or unanswered query will be found in one of the books stored in the library.
- Public Library
- Academic Library’
- Special Library
- Private Library
- School Library
- National Library
- Electronic Library
- The Technical Services Division
- The Collection Development /Acquisition Division As the name implies, this is the unit that is responsible for
- The Readers Services Division
- System/Media Division
The reference unit of the library is where material on specific and special information is kept. This is the section of the library that houses all the electronic records of the library.
TYPES OF LIBRARY MATERIALS
In addition to the physical building, libraries also provide their users with access to computer and other equipment, such as photocopiers, printers and all other physical equipment that makes visiting the library worthwhile. Libraries hold many resources that are readily available for users to find, manipulate, and use as they wish.
LIBRARY CATALOGUE
Look for the drawer marked with the first letter of the title of the book you want to find. The information on the card contains the title of the book, the author, the publication date and the publisher.
CLASSIFICATION
The date of publication of the book is also added, depending on the policy of the library, you may have QD if the book was published in 2013. This entire combination becomes the call number attached to the back of the book. Classification is a process of grouping information materials according to the subjects to which they belong using a particular classification scheme. There are several classification schemes used worldwide. It is used by most research and academic libraries in the Nigeria and several other countries. The Classification Scheme was developed in 1897 by Herbert Putnam.
It is alphanumeric and can target emerging areas of law. The scheme is designed to fit into a library that uses Library of Congress Classification (LCC).
Dictionaries contain words of a particular language and other meanings such as their origin, pronunciation and definitions. It is a book that contains a list of information about people and/or organizations of some kind. This is the kind of reference material that needs to circulate in order to serve the user well.
Indexes contain the information needed to find information in a given specific element or type of resource.
STUDY SKILLS
STUDY SKILLS
Sort tasks out in order of priority, then devote the most time to the most important tasks. Avoid procrastination: Don't put off the things you need to do right now until a later time. Make sure you have all the items needed for the exam before you enter the hall, e.g.
Leave plenty of time to read through your answers and check for grammatical errors, spelling, or other errors.
REFERENCING AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATIONS
- The Principle of Intellectual Property
- The Principle of Access
- The Principle of Economy
- The Principle of Standardization
- The Principle of Transparency
- When presenting historical overviews
- When presenting your own experiences
- When presenting an information that you have already referenced
- When presenting summaries and conclusions
- When presenting an information that is common knowledge
- Citation
- Bibliography
- Endnote
- Correctness
- Appropriateness
- Consistency
- q.v.: is an abbreviation for the Latin phrase “Quod Vide ” which means “see this as well ”.It is used to direct a reader
Prevents infringement of the property rights of the authors of the ideas used in the work. In the second example which is a summary, the quotation is placed after the summary of the idea. Instead they appear in the reference list at the end of the document, in the order in which they are placed in the body of the work.
The information provided must be accurate; otherwise readers of the work will not be able to locate it.
- Word Switch
- Self-Plagiarism: this occurs when one presents a previous work done by one as new work, or uses a significant
- Style Plagiarism
- MetaphorPlagiarism
- Idea Plagiarism
- Cite
- Quote
- Make sure you understand the assignment given to you
Such user must also pay royalties to the copyright owner from the proceeds of the sale of tape work. For joint or multiple authors: 70 years after the end of the year in which the last author dies. In the case of the government or a legal entity: 70 years from the date the work was first published.
Anonymous works 70 years from the end of the year in which the work was first published.
INFORMATION
COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY
ICT)
THE BASICS OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY
- They process the data in the manner required by the user
- The Memory Unit (MU): This unit stores all the data and instructions inputted into the computer
- Mainframe Computer
- Wearable computers
It is interesting to note that most of the computers we use today are microcomputers. It is called a laptop because it can be placed on laps, opened and used wherever you are eg. Although a tablet may sometimes come with a removable keyboard and a rotating screen, it is mostly a small flat, slate-like computer.
A smartphone is basically a mobile phone that can be used for most of the functions that a computer performs.
HARDWARE TECHNOLOGY
Output Devices
The printer is a peripheral device used to print or make physical copies of documents created by the computer. Speakers are output devices connected to a computer's sound card that the computer uses to transmit audio information. Allows users to listen to music, calls and other audio information from computer.
Headphones are computer output devices that bring out the sound from the computer.
STORAGE DEVICES
Random Access Memory (RAM)
This memory is called RAM because it takes the same amount of time to directly access one memory location as another. For example, when you turn on your computer, the operating system loads from its disk already installed in the disk drive and copies it into RAM.
Cache
It caches data from working memory, thereby increasing the speed of communication between processor and RAM.
Read Only Memory (ROM)
Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM)
Erasable Program m able Read O nly M em ory (EPROM)
Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM)
Sequential Access Storage Devices
They are magnetically coated plastic ribbons, usually 14 inches or 'A inches wide and 15 to 2400 feet long, on which data can be encoded. Their storage capacity is virtually unlimited because as many tapes can be used as necessary to store very large groups of data. Due to the sequential nature of storing and retrieving data from the database, they cannot be used to store data that needs to be accessed randomly.
They must be properly labeled, otherwise useful data stored on a particular tape can easily be deleted by mistake.
Direct Access Storage Devices
They should be stored in a dust-free environment as dust particles on the tapes can cause sticking.
Magnetic Disks
Magnetic disks are usually stored in a specially designed envelope or cartridge, or several of them can be stacked together in a sealed, contamination-free container. It stores all the programs used to operate the computer (except the computer's startup programs, which are burned into the computer's ROM during manufacture). A portable zip disk can be brought to the computer system, connected to it to.
Disk packs must be mounted on a disk drive before use and can be removed and stored in a safe place when not in use.
Optical Disks
It is an excellent medium for distributing large amounts of data in electronic form, at a low cost. It allows users to create their own CD-ROM using a CD-R drive that can be connected to the computer as a normal peripheral. It has the same storage capacity and also allows users to create their own CD-ROM discs using a CD-R drive that can be connected to the computer.
Digital (AC-3) or Digital Theater System (DTS) and can be either mono or 5:1 Surround Sound.
Memory Storage Devices
Once data is recorded on it, it cannot be erased, so the optical disc cannot be reused. It is also a removable plug and play device that simply plugs into a port on your computer. Memory devices can only withstand a limited number of write and erase cycles before they fail.
Because it is a moving part, wear and tear can damage or break the USB connector.
Mass Storage Devices
Automated Tape Library which uses a set of magnetic tapes and CD-ROM Juke Box which uses a set of CD-ROMs. This is a set of hard drives and hard drives with a single controller, mounted in a single box and forming a single large storage unit, it is commonly known as RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks). This is a set of magnetic tape and magnetic tape drives with a controller, mounted in a single box and forming a single storage unit.
This is a set of CD-ROMs and CD-ROM drives with a single controller, mounted in a single box and forming a single large storage unit.
Online storage
- Cost -Online storage services reduce much of the cost associated with traditional backup methods, providing
- Invisibility - it is invisible to the extent that it does not take up valuable space at home or in the office
- Security - Storing confidential or sensitive information in the cloud is often more secure than storing it locally,
- Automation -Online storage services make the tedious process of backing up easy to accomplish through
- Accessibility - with online storage, you can access your account from any internet connection, whether you're on
- Sharing - online storage services allow quick and easy sharing of files with just a few clicks. Whether it is a
- Collaboration - Online storage services are also ideal for collaboration purposes. They allow multiple people to
- Protection - Cloud storage serves as an added layer ot data protection for important and irreplaceable files
Cost - Online storage services reduce many of the costs associated with traditional storage methods by offering ample cloud storage space for a low monthly fee. Automation - Online storage services make the tedious backup process easy to do through the backup process easy to do through automation. Sharing - online storage services allow quick and easy file sharing with just a few clicks.
An online storage service is expensive compared to a hard drive, which has more storage space, can be used indefinitely, and costs less.
COM PUTER SOFTWARE
Systems Software
The operating system is one of the most basic programs on a computer. It controls the internal workings of the computer hardware, manages all the devices connected to the computer, allows storage, retrieval of data and allows other programs to run on the computer. Utility programs are programs that perform specialized tasks that enhance or enhance the basic operation of the computer or protect data.
Anti-virus applications that protect the computer from the damage that can be caused by malicious software such as viruses and similar programs.
Application Software
Valuable information stolen from computer (e.g. UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN LIBRARY, credit card numbers, passwords, trade secrets etc.). You will find step-by-step instructions on how to do this on the computer system's Help page. Always follow the manual that came with the computer when performing any operations on it.
The computer also has help files that provide instructions for performing various operations on the computer.
COMPUTER NETWORKS
- Personal Area Network (PAN)
- Local Area Network (LAN)
- Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
- WideArea Network (WAN)
- Bus topology
- Ring topology
- Star topology
- Mesh topology
Topology refers to the shape of a network or the layout of a network; It is the arrangement and mapping of network elements to show the interconnection between nodes. Physical topology refers to the physical design of a network, including devices, locations, and cabling. The computers at each of the terminals communicate over the network by passing data to the hub.
It uses a significant amount of cable as each terminal is connected back to the center hub.
