- flBOTaKTHe, - HeTBOpOTaKTHe.
4. flpeMa KOHCTpyKpnoHHM CBOjcTBHMa flene ce:
a) npeMa HannHy M3Bot)ehba MOTopHor MexaHH3Ma:
- ca HopManHHM (6e3 yKpcHe rnaBe),
- ca cno>KeHHM (ca yKpcHOM rnaBOM),
- 6e3 MOTopHor MexaHH3Ma (ca cno6oflHHM Knn- noBHMa);
6) npeMa cnorbamib>eM H3rnefly:
- npeMa 6pojy KnnnoBa y pnnnHflpy (jeflHOKnnn- HH, flBOKnHHHH M 6oKC),
- npeMa 6pojy pnnnHflapa (jeflHopnnHHflpnHHM n BMmepHnMHflpHHHH),
- nHflnpeKTHMM (BOfleHHM) xna1jeibeM;
fl) npeMa cncTeMy MexaHM3Ma 3a pasBot^eHse:
- Ca BeHTkinCKMM, - ca KaHancKMM,
- ca KOMĆMHOBaHHM pasBotjeibeM.
flopefl obmx nocTojn jom mhoto noflena, Ha npnMep, npeMa npnMeHn MOTopa (ayTOMo6nncKn, aBMOHCKM, ćpoflCKn), npeMa BennnnHn (naKM, TernKn), npeMa CMepy KpeTaiba (jeflHocMepHM, neBOxoflHM, peBep- 3H6l/inHH) HTfl.
TnaBHM flenoBH MOTopa C YC cy:
- KnnnHa rpyna - o6yxBaTa Knnn, Knnnny oco- BHHHL(y n KnnnHe npcTeHOBe,
- Knnnhbana - o6yxBaTa Many necHHfly (ne>KM- mTe KnnnHe ocoBMHHfle), Teno KnnnnbaHe n BennKy necHHfly (ne>KnmTe pyKaBqa KoneHa- CTor BpaTnna),
- KonenacTO BpaTnno, - saMajaL),
- pa3B0flHM MexaHM3aM - y cnynajy BenTnncKor pa3BOfla (nocTOje jom KaHancKM n KOMĆnHOBa-
hm) rnaBHn flenoBn oBor MexaHM3Ma cy ycncHH n H3flyBHn BeHTnnn, BeHTnncKe onpyre, nofln- sann BeHTnna n ćperacTo BpaTnno.
Obm flenoBH HHHe rpyny noKpeTHMX flenoBa moto- pa, flOK y rpyny HenoKpeTHMx cnaflajy:
- ^nnnHflap (6hok MOTopa) - cacTOjn ce ofl rna- Be pnnnHflpa n Tena i^nnnHflpa (i^nnnHflapcKor 6noKa),
- noceĆHn ype1jajM (y OTo-MOTopnMa ypet>aj 3a CTBapaibe CMeiue m ejieKTpMHHM ypetjaj 3a na- rbei-be, a y flM3en-MOTopMMa ypetjaj 3a y6pn3ra- Baibe CMeiue).
Ha C/1M4M 3.40 npMKa3aHM cy ochobhm flenoBM ne- TBOpOTaKTHOr OTO-MOTOpa.
KOMe ce KJiMn Haua3M Ha HajBetioj yfla/beHOCTM ofl oce KOJieHacTor BpaTMjia.
yHyTpauiH>M Kpaji-bM nono/Kaj (yKn), oahocho flo-
H>a MpTBa TaHKa (flMT), je nono>Kaj y KOMe ce kjimii
Hana3M Ha HajMan>oj yfla/beHOCTM ofl oce KOJieHac- TOr BpaTMjia.
CnMKa 3.40. - Ochobhm fle/ioBH HeTBopoTaKTHor 6eH3HHCKor MOTopa: 1 - Kap6ypaTop, 2 - ycncHn KaHan,
3 - BeHTnn, 4 - cBetimia, 5 - pminHflapcKa rnaBa,
6 - pnnnHflap (6jiok), 7 - KJinn, 8 - KJinnhbaHa, 9 - paflminna, 10 - 3ynnaHML|M npeHOca KpeTarba ofl paflMJiMpe Ha 6peracTy ocoBMHy, 11 - 6peracTa ocoBMHa ca noflM3aHKOM LUMnKOM, 12 - KJiapKajiMpa, 13 - KapTep, 14 - kopmto KapTepa.
tmx MOTOpa, npeTxoflHO tieMO flecf>MHMcaTM HeKe noj- MOBe M BeJIMHMHe.
Kpajhbii nono>Kaj K/iMna je nono>Kaj y KOMe ce Me- i-ba CMep HaeroBor KpeTai-ba (6p3MHa K/iMna je Tafla jeflHaKa HyjiM), oahocho Kafla je KJiMn HajMaHse, Tj.
HajBMme yflajbeH ofl oce oćpTatba KoneHacTor
BpaTMJia. jiMHflpa Kafla ce kjimii Hajia3M y cnojbaLUHaeM Kpaj- ibeM nojio>Kajy.
PaflHa 3anpeMMHa (V/,) je 3anpeMMHa L(MJiMHflpa M3Metjy cnojbaiuiber m yHyTpaLuiber Kpajiber no- Jio>Kaja KJiMna.
yKynHa 3anpeMMHa (Vu) je 3anpeMMHa flMJiMHflpa Kafla ce KJiMn Haua3M y yHyTpaiuibeM KpajibeM no- uo>Kajy m OHa je y CTBapM 36np KOMnpecMOHe m
paflHe 3anpeMMHe.
CTeneH KOMnpecMje (s) npeflCTaBjba oflHoc yKynHe
mKOMnpecMOHe 3anpeMMHe jeflHor flMJiMHflpa moto- pa. Oh npBeHCTBeHO 3bbmcm ofl TMna MOTopa m CBetiML^a. PaflHM qMKJiyc ce oflBMja y neTMpM TaKTa y TOKy flBa oćpTaja KoaeHacTor BpaTMJia (cjiMKa 3.42).
I t3k t: ycMcaBaibe cBe>Ke cMeuue (cnMKa 3.42).
K/iMn ce Kpetie ofl C K n npeMa y K IT Vcmchm BeHTMJi je oTBopeH na ycnefl cnojbaiuiber aTMOccjiepcKor
npMTMCKa cMerna yna3M y L(MJiMHflap.
II t3kt: caĆMjaibe CMerne (cuMKa 3.42)
Kjinn ce epatia Ofl yK n npewia CKn, a 06a BeHTMJia cy 3aTBopeHa tbko fla flona3M flo caćMjatba cMeuie, npM neMy joj ce npMTMcaK mTeMnepaType noBeta- Bajy, ajiM TeMnepaTypa Ha Kpajy Mopa 6mtm Matba ofl TeMnepaType caMonajbeHja cMeuie. ripM Kpajy OBor TaKTa CBetiML(a najiM CMeuiy, npM neMy HacTaje BeoMa 6p30 (eKcnno3MBHo) caropeBaibe y3 HarjiM nopacT npMTMCKa mTeMnepaType y L(MnMHflpy.
III t3kt: uiMpeibe (cjiMKa 3.42).
KuMn ce
Kpete
ofl C K n npeMa yKI1 m noHMibe flpyrM o6pTaj KOJieHacTor BpaTMJia. floTeHflMjajiHaeHeprM-CjiUKa 3.41. - flenuMMHHH npeceK HeTBoporaKTHor 6eH3HHCKor M O To p a
ja npo,qyKaTa caropeBaHaa, Koja flenyje Ha ne/io Knnna, npeTBapa ce y MexannHKM pafl. JeflaH fleo fločnjeHe eHeprnje cny>KM 3a Bpme>be KopncHor
pafla, flOK ce Man>K fleo Tpornn Ha caBnafjMBanbe OTnopa Tpei-ba, 3a concTBeHM noroH (Hnp. čperacTor BpaTnna), a ocTaTaK eHepmje aKyMynnpa 3aMajap 3a npnnpeMHe TaKTOBe; ycncaBaH3e, cačnjahbe m
M3flyBaBaHje. Flpefl Kpaj OBor TaKTa oTBapa ce M3- flyBHM IV t3k t: M3flyBaBaHje npoflyKaTa carope- BaH=a (cnnKa 3.42).
Knnn ce Kpefce ofl yK !l npeMa CKil MCTMCKyjy+iM Hanonje npoflyKre caropeBanja. (Ipn Kpajy OBOr TaKTa OTBapa ce ycncHn BenTnn TaKO fla cy 3a KpaTKO BpeMe MCTOBpeMeHO OTBOpeHM M yCMCHM M noTMCHM BeHTMn pafln ncnnpaH>a pnnnHflpa CBe>KOM CMeaiOM, h3koh nera ce M3flyBHM BeHTi/in 3aTBapa.
TnMe je 3aBpuueH flpyrn očpTaj KoneHacTor Bpa™- na, luto 3H3HM m jeflaH paflHM flMKnyc, hbkoh nera ce pnKnycM noHaBTbajy.
n P M H U M n p r j:.i=i h e t b o p o -
T R K T H O r
.q M 3 E .n -M O T O P Ry flM3en-MOTopy (cnnKa 3.43) cTBapa ce cMeiua ropnBa m Ba3flyxa y i4nnnHflpy MOTopa npn yčpn- 3raBarby ropnea, a cMeuja ce nann caMonarb6H>eM ycnefl BMcoKe TeMnepaType npn ca6njaH>y, flaKne 6e3 CBetiMLte K ao KOfl OTO-MOTopa.
PaflHM L|MKnyc ce n OBfle oflBnja y neTnpn T a K T a , Tj.
3a flBa o6pTaja KoneHacTor BpaTnna (cnnKa 3.44).
U V - yCMCHM BeHTkin IV - M3flyBHM BeHTMn
U V IV U V IV U V IV U V IV
OTBOpeH 3 3TB0peH 3aTB0peH 3aTB0peH 33TBOpeH 33TBOpeH 3aTB0peH OTBOpeH
SMT |— KnnnH>aHa SMT KOneHO SMT
KoneHacTor - -
BpaTiina
f-UMT -I o6pTaj UMT ycncaBaH>e caćnjahbe
UMT 2 oćpTaj UMT paflHM T3 K T M3flyBaBaHbe
CnnKa 3.42. - PaflHM unKnycn HeTBopoTaKTHor 6eH3MHCKor MOTopa
C/iw<a 3.43 - llpeceK flM3en-MOTopa MAN D1246MV3A: 1 - 6pn3ra/bKa 3a Ma3HB0 - 3a KJia^ehbe K/inna, 2 - maBHa Ma3ajytia MarncTpa/ia, 3 - npnnpeMa 3a xnaflHO CTapTOBaHse, 4 - 6pn3rajbKa, 5 - 3acyH peryjiaTopa xjiaflHor n Tonjior Ba3flyxa, 6 - KOMopa caropeBajba.
I TaKT: ycncaBai-be HMCTor Ba3flyxa (c/ii4Ka 3.44).
C B e LUTO CMO peKJIM 3 a I T 3 K T KOfl H e T B O p O T a K T H O r O T O -M O T O p a Ba>KH m O B fle c a ca M O jeflH O M 6 mthom pa3/ii4KOM, a to je fla c e KOfl f ln - 3 e n -M O T O p a B p m n ycncaBahbe hm-
C T o r B a 3 fly x a , a H e C M e m e K a o KOfl O T O -M O T O p a .
II t3 kt:cačnjarbe Ba3flyxa (c/ii4Ka 3.44).
14 OBaj t3 kt Tene c/imhho II TaKTy