CAPÍTULO 4: DISEÑO DEL SISTEMA
4.1.1 Descripción de las clases del diseño
The same as point #1. Except, now you’ll just want to answer the question: “What was the primary purpose of the entire passage?” Putting this in your own words is a good idea, since there will likely be a question that asks you to do exactly this. Jot it down (in shorthand form) so you can con dently refer to it while answering questions.
Active reading in action
Now, let’s actually take the paragraph from the beginning of this section and dissect it, much the way your mind would if actively reading the passage.
With most women reverting to their domestic role, the dramatic increase in the number of infants born is perhaps not too surprising. Yet , such factors alone cannot explain the increase in the number of births from 1946-1951. Murray suggests that both women and men’s perspectives changed, mostly because of America’s success in the war. This optimism, in part, fueled the rapid growth in population. However , many argue that women, in returning to the home, were able to focus on raising a family, regardless of their levels of optimism.
The most important structure words are contrast words, because they change the direction of the paragraph. In other words, a person—it could be the author or somebody the author talks about in the passage—disagrees with something or somebody else in the passage. It is understanding the twist and turns in the paragraph that result from “contrast words” that is the key to understanding the passage. Remember, the passage is not just about imparting information; it is about the distinctions that arise from a debate in which people take varying positions.
In the paragraph above, notice how the rst sentence introduces the topic. After that, it is straight into a contrast word. Therefore, the second sentence does not agree with the rst.
1st sentence : women returning to home because of more babies
2nd sentence : other factors also account for more babies
Notice, that the 2nd sentence does not completely disagree with the 1st sentence. It just quali es or limits what that sentence says (an important distinction for those aiming for top scores to notice!)
In the next sentence we get Murray’s view. Always notice when the author brings up another point of view.
Murray’s view : people became more optimistic; had more babies
Now, there is another “contrast word”: “however”. This signals that we are getting another point of view.
Other view : women were able to focus on raising a family
One nal point
Once you’ve noticed the relationship between sentences in a paragraph and the meaning they convey, you will be able to deal with the SAT questions pertaining to the passage far more con dently. Indeed, you’ll be able to formulate an answer in your head. And if you do have to consult the passage (as you should), you’ll know where to look.
All in all, becoming an adept active reader will help you hone in on the correct answer, instead of having to fumble frantically through the mass of words that make up the answer choices.
Pacing
We won’t beat around the bush. There’s a lot to read on the SAT Reading test. And if you aren’t careful with balancing your time between reading and question answering, you very well might nd yourself in a panic when the proctor announces 5 minutes left. So let’s talk about how you can learn to pace yourself appropriately.
Time per question
On average, you have one minute and fteen seconds to answer each question on the SAT Reading test, but this includes reading time. The time you actually have per question will depend on exactly how long the passage is, how complex the passage is, and how fast of a reader you are.
Time per passage
Since everyone reads at a di erent pace and some passages are denser than others, it’s better to think about the approximate time you can spend per passage rather than per question. With 65 minutes for the whole SAT Reading test, this means you have 13 minutes per passage for each of the 5 passages if you pace evenly. So check your watch after each passage and make sure you are roughly on track. Don’t panic if you are a little bit over; some passages might take you longer than others, but try to make up the ground as you go.
Time to spend reading
The trick to conquering the SAT Reading section is nding the perfect balance between reading time and question-answering time. This is going to vary based on the individual, but in an ideal world you want to have enough time to carefully read and understand the passage and enough time to answer each question
thoughtfully.
For most people, this is easier said than done. But you should de nitely gure out whether you are wasting too much time trying to understand every morsel of what you read or whether you are reading too quickly and thus wasting too much time re-reading or simply getting answer questions wrong because you blew through the passage in a mad sprint.
To help you gure out your pattern, we suggest that once you become familiar with the test, you spend at least one practice section carefully noting your time both for reading the passage and for answering questions.
Don’t change your natural pace or worry about the overall time limit for the passage! Just jot down how long it took you to read the passage and then how long it took you to answer the questions for each one. If you are taking the SAT under regular time, you should ideally be nishing the total test within 60 to 65 minutes. If you
nish much under that, then you aren’t using your full time to read passages or answer questions carefully. If you nish in much more than that, then you might need to make some decisions about increasing your reading time, skipping some questions, or even skipping an entire passage so you can be more careful on the ones you do do. (Of course, always make sure to bubble in guesses for everything: NO PENALTY FOR INCORRECT
ANSWERS on the new SAT. Happy dance!)