CAPÍTULO 3 CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA SOLUCIÓN PROPUESTA
3.4 MODELO DE CASOS DE USOS DEL SISTEMA
Di culty: Hard
10.
A) NO CHANGE B) precede C) succeed D) progress
Di culty: Medium
11.
This writer wants to conclude the passage with a sentence that highlights the enduring legacy left by Sequoyah to his tribe. Which choice would best accomplishes this goal?
A) Many of the elders present were so impressed that they became experts of Sequoyah’s writing system, and taught many other members of the Cherokee nation.
B) In 1825, nearly ten years after its creation, the Cherokee nation o cially adopted Sequoyah’s writing system, an act allowing parts of tribe separated by long distances to communicate e ectively with one another and merge the divided East and West tribes.
C) The most important aspect of Sequoyah’s work was that it took a complicated phonetic structure and turned it into an alphabet that is readily accessible to anybody who wants to learn it.
D) Sequoyah will be forever remembered for the writing system he helped create, an innovation that is startling even in this day of high-powered computers.
Di culty: Hard
Answers and Explanations:
1. The rst phrase, starting with “Born in the late...:” describes the subject Sequoyah. However, the subject needs a verb in the present or past tense, not the participial form (you wouldn’t say, “I eating my food”). Since the paragraph describes past events and sticks to the past tense throughout, we want answer (B).
2. In questions asking for the most appropriate way to phrase something (see the section on syntax), you want to choose an answer that is neither too casual nor too formal. You’ll also want to make sure that the answer isn’t too verbose (see section on concision) or vague. In this case, (B) is too vague. (C) is too formal and lacks concision. (D) uses such colloquial words as “ups”. Also, dairy is the right level of formality. “Milk” is not quite appropriate and something more formal and Latin-based, such as lactal (not mentioned in the answer choices) would be too formal. So (C) is the answer.
3. The focus here is “vocation”. It is not an actual place so (A), which uses “where”, is incorrect. “Which” is
tempting. But if you plug it into the sentence, it implies that Sequoyah created the vocation of the silversmith. (D) su ers from this same problem. When describing a noun that an action refers to, we want to use “in which”.
Example: This was the game IN WHICH he SCORED the winning goal. (C) is the answer.
4. The previous paragraph gives a quick biography of Sequoyah’s accomplishment. The next paragraph transitions to the accomplishment that he is really known for. Therefore, there is a contrast between the accomplishments mentioned in the paragraph preceding this question and his main accomplishment: the creation of the Cherokee language. Only (A) gives us a contrast word.
5. As is, this question contains a classic SAT error: the comma splice. This happens when two independent clauses are joined by a comma (see comma section above). By putting a comma and the a participle immediately
after that comment, we make sure that the phrase “describing them as ‘talking leaves’” refers to the subject, Sequoyah. (C) is incorrect because it uses a semicolon to separate a dependent clause starting with a participle and an independent clause. (D) implies that the paper described itself as “talking leaves”--an absurd statement.
So, (B) is the answer.
6. This is a more advanced test of sentence structure. We can separate a subject from a verb using a participial phrase, as long as that phrase is set o by two commas. Therefore, the original is correct. (B) is wrong because we can’t have the participle in the -ed form if a comma separates it from an independent clause, the way we can with a participle ending in -ing. (C) unnecessarily repeats the subject. (D) omits the comma between the subject and spotting. (A) is the answer.
7. This is a di cult question because it uses the subjunctive case (see section on “mood”). When there is a hypothetical situation, the rst and third person takes on a plural form of a verb. Therefore, “was” should be
“were” in “that person were” not present, since we are talking about a situation that is hypothetical (“thinking it impossible”). Answer: (C).
8. Sentence 5 says more or less that Sequoyah needed a willing pupil. Sentence 4 describes how most of his family thought he’d gone a little loopy, so he was forced to turn to his daughter as an apprentice. It makes sense to put the sentence saying that he needed a pupil before the sentence that describe the process of recruiting a pupil. Answer: (B).
9. The original has a fragment in the second part, since it lacks a subject and simply begins with the participle
“hoping”. (B) is not grammatically incorrect. However, whenever the SAT uses passive voice (“discouraged by the reaction”), you want to nd an answer that uses the active voice AND is grammatically correct. (C) is exactly that answer. (D), by using “like” implies that Sequoyah is like European languages. Answer: (C).
10. To proceed to do something is to go ahead and do it, which is exactly what we want here.
(B) means to come before, and is the correct answer. It is unidiomatic to say “succeed TO”; the correct idiom is
“succeed IN”. It is also odd to say “progress TO do something”.
11. The key to answering this question correctly is “enduring legacy”. We don’t want a mere positive outcome; we want the reason Sequoyah’s innovations was highly momentous for his people. (A) is one such answer. That’s great that many elders learned the language. But it doesn’t really tell us the major positive e ect on the
Cherokees that Sequoyah’s writing system had. (B) gives us a clear reason why this innovation was so important:
it helped connect the Cherokee over long distances and mend the rift between East and West Cherokees. (C) just explains that it was innovative. (D) gives the inapt comparison with modern day computers. (B) is the answer.