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I'm not very good at learning languages?

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She must be fed up with studying

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What are the advantages of having a car?

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The knife is only for cutting bread.

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How about playing tennis tomorrow?

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I bought a new bicycle instead of going away on holiday.

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Carol went to work in spite of feeling ill.

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BÂn cÕng cÍ thæ nÍi “interested in somebody (do)ing...”, “fed-up with you (do) ing...” v.v...

I’m fed up with you telling me what to do.

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Téi khéng thÈch anh bÀo téi phÀi l¿m nhùng gÉ.

B B

ChÒ û c¾ch dÓng vði +-ing cÔa nhùng giði t÷ sau:

 before -ing v¿ after -ing

Before going out, I phoned Sarah. (khéng nÍi 'Before to go out')

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Trõðc khi ½i, téi ½Á gÑi ½ièn thoÂi cho Sarah.

What did you do after leaving school?

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BÂn ½Á l¿m gÉ sau khi ra trõñng?

BÂn cÕng cÍ thæ nÍi Before I went out... v¿ ... after you left school:

 by -ing (½æ nÍi mît vièc n¿o ½Í ½Á xÀy ra nhõ thä n¿o)

The burglars got into the house by breaking a window and climbing in.

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BÑn trîm ½Á ½ît nhâp bÙng c¾ch ½âp vó cøa sì v¿ chui v¿o.

You can improve your English by reading more.

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BÂn cÍ thæ trau dëi tiäng Anh cÔa bÂn bÙng c¾ch ½Ñc nhiåu hïn nùa.

She made herself ill by not eating properly.

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Cé Þy tú l¿m mèt mÉnh bòi sú ×n uêng khéng hôp lû.

 without -ing

I ran ten kilometres without stopping.

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Téi ½Á chÂy mõñi kilomet khéng nghÊ.

They climbed through the window without anybody seeing them (hoÜc ...without being seen)

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Unit 59. Preposition (in/for/about etc.) + -ing

ChÒng ½Á trÄo qua cøa sì m¿ khéng ai nhÉn thÞy (hoÜc... m¿ khéng bÌ ph¾t hièn).

She needs to work without people disturbing her (hoÜc ... without being disturbed).

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Cé Þy cßn l¿m vièc m¿ khéng bÌ ai quÞy rßy (hoÜc... m¿ khéng bÌ quÞy rßy).

It’s nice to go on holiday without having to worry about money.

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Thât l¿ tuyèt khi ½i nghÊ m¾t m¿ khéng phÀi lo lØng vå chuyèn tiån bÂc.

C C

^{To -ing}

To thõñng l¿ th¿nh phßn cÔa ½îng t÷ nguyãn máu (to do/to see etc) We decided to go out.

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ChÒng téi ½Á quyät ½Ình ½i dÂo.

Would you like to play tennis?

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BÂn muên chïi qußn vôt khéng?

Nhõng to cÕng cÎn l¿ mît giði t÷ (giêng nhõ in/for/about from v.v...) vÈ dÖ:

We drove from London to Edinburgh.

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ChÒng téi ½Á l¾i xe t÷ London tði Edinburgh.

I prefer tea to coffee.

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Téi thÈch chÄ hïn c¿ phã.

Are you looking forward to the weekend?

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BÂn ½ang mong tði cuêi tußn phÀi khéng?

Näu mît giði t÷ ½õôc theo sau bòi mît ½îng t÷, ½îng t÷ ½Í tân cÓng bÙng -ing (in doing/about going v.v... xem mÖc A). Bòi vây, khi to l¿ giði t÷ v¿ theo sau nÍ l¿ ½îng t÷, bÂn phÀi nÍi to -ing

I prefer driving to travelling by train. (khéng nÍi 'to travel')

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Téi thÈch ½i xe hïn l¿ ½i t¿u.

Are you looking forward to seeing Ann again? (khéng nÍi 'looking forward to see')

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BÂn ½ang mong gÜp Ann lØm phÀi khéng?

Vå be/get used to -ing, hÁy xem Unit 60.

A A

XÃt tÉnh huêng sau:

 She wasn’t used to driving on the left.

Cé Þy khéng quen vði vièc chÂy xe bãn tr¾i.

Nhõng sau nhiåu lßn luyèn tâp, vièc chÂy xe bãn tr¾i ½Á bðt khÍ kh×n, do ½Í:

 She got used driving on the left.

Cé Þy ½Á quen chÂy xe bãn tr¾i.

V¿ giñ ½Ýy sau ba n×m, vièc ½Í ½Á khéng cÎn l¿ vÞn ½å ½êi vði Jane:

 She is used to driving on the left.

Cé Þy quen vði vièc chÂy xe bãn tr¾i.

I’m used to something=½iåu ½Í khéng mði l ½êi vði téi.

Frank lives alone. He doesn’t mind this because he has lived alone for 15 years. It is not

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strange for him. He is used to it. He is used to living alone.

Frank sêng mît mÉnh. Anh khéng bân tÝm vå ½iåu n¿y bòi anh Þy ½Á sêng mît mÉnh 15 n×m nay.

Anh Þy quen vði ½iåu ½Í. Anh Þy quen sêng mît mÉnh.

I bought some new shoes. They felt a bit strange at first becaused I wasn’t used to them.

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Téi v÷a mua mÞy ½éi gi¿y mði. ChÒng hïi l chÝn vÉ téi mang chõa quen.

Our new flat is on a very busy street. I expect we’ll get used to the noise, but at the moment

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it’s very disturbing.

C×n hî mði cÔa chÒng téi nÙm trãn mît phê rÞt nhîn nhÌp. Téi nghË rÙng rëi chÒng téi sÆ quen vði sú n¾o nhièt, nhõng hièn giñ thÉ qu¾ ën ¿o.

Diane has a new job. She has to get up much earlier now than before — at 6.30. She finds

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this difficult because she isn’t used to getting up so early.

Diane cÍ céng vièc mði. Cé phÀi dây rÞt sðm so vði trõðc ½Ýy — lÒc 6h30. Cé thÞy vièc ½Í rÞt khÍ kh×n vÉ cé khéng quen dây sðm nhõ vây.

Brenda’s husband is often away from home. She doesn’t mind this. She is used to him being

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away.

Chëng cÔa Brenda thõñng phÀi xa nh¿. Cé khéng phiån lÎng vå ½iåu n¿y. Cé ½Á quen vði vièc chëng cé vØng nh¿.

B B

Sau be/get used bÂn khéng thæ dÓng nguyãn máu (to do/to drive v.v...). Ta nÍi:

She is used to driving on the left. (khéng nÍi 'she is used to drive')

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Unit 60. Be/get used to something (I'm used to...)

Cé Þy quen vði vièc chÂy xe bãn tr¾i.

Khi ta nÍi “I am used to...” thÉ to l¿ giði t÷, chö khéng phÀi l¿ th¿nh phßn cÔa nguyãn máu (xem UNIT 59C). Ta nÍi:

Frank is used to living alone. (khéng nÍi 'Frank is used to live alone')

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Jane had to get used to driving on the left. (khéng nÍi 'get used to drive')

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D D

#÷ng nhßm lán giùa I am used to doing (be/get used to) v¿ I used to do. ChÒng kh¾c nhau vå cÞu trÒc v¿ û nghËa:

 I am used to (doing) something = ½iåu ½Í khéng mði l ½êi vði téi:

I am used to the weather in this country.

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Téi quen thuîc vði thñi tiät nïi miån quã n¿y.

I am used to driving on the left because I’ve lived in Britain for a long time.

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Téi quen vði vièc chÂy xe bãn tr¾i vÉ téi ½Á sêng ò Anh lÝu rëi.

 I used to do something = téi thõñng l¿m ½iåu gÉ ½Í trong qu¾ khö nhõng nay khéng l¿m nùa (xem UNIT 18). BÂn chÊ cÍ thæ dÓng cÞu trÒc n¿y vði nhùng vièc trong qu¾ khö, khéng dÓng cho nhùng vièc hièn tÂi. CÞu trÒc ta ½ang b¿n tði ½Í l¿ “I used to do” (khéng phÀi l¿ 'I am used to do'):

I used to drive to work every day, but these days I usually go by bike.

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Téi (trõðc ½Ýy) ván thõñng l¾i xe ½i l¿m, nhõng mÞy hém nay téi hay ½i xe ½Âp.

We used to live in a small village, but now we live in London.

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ChÒng téi trõðc ½Ýy sêng ò mît l¿ng nhÏ, nhõng hièn nay chÒng téi sêng ò LuÝn ½én.

A A

Nhiåu ½îng t÷ cÍ cÞu trÒc verb+preposition (in/for/about v.v...) +object. VÈ dÖ:

½îng t÷+ giði t÷+ tÒc t÷

We talked about the problem.

ChÒng ta ½Á nÍi vå vÞn ½å ½Í.

You must apologise for what you said.

Anh phÀi xin líi bòi nhùng gÉ ½Á nÍi.

Näu tÒc t÷ lÂi l¿ mît ½îng t÷, ½îng t÷ ½Í sÆ tân cÓng bÙng -ing:

½îng t÷+ giði t÷+ tÒc t÷

We talked about going to America.

BÑn téi ½Á nÍi vå chuyèn ½i Mþ.

She apologised for not telling the truth.

Cé ta xin líi vÉ ½Á khéng nÍi sú thât.

CÎn mît sê ½îng t÷ kh¾c ½õôc dÓng vði cÞu trÒc n¿y:

succeed (in) Have you succeed in finding a job yet?

BÂn ½Á tÉm ½õôc vièc l¿m chõa?

insist (on) They insisted on paying for the meal.

HÑ nhÞt ½Ình ½Îi trÀ tiån bùa ×n.

think (of) I’m thinking of buying a house.

Téi ½ang nghË tði vièc mua nh¿.

dream (of) I wouldn’t dream of asking them for money.

Téi chÚng nghË tði vièc hÑ xin tiån.

approve (of) She doesn’t approve of gambling.

Cé Þy khéng t¾n th¿nh chuyèn ½¾nh bÂc.

decide (against) We have decided against moving to London.

ChÒng téi quyät ½Ình phÀn ½êi vièc chuyæn tði LuÝn ½én.

feel (like) Do you feel like going out tonight?

BÂn cÍ cÀm thÞy muên ½i chïi têi nay khéng?

look forward (to)

I’m looking forward to meeting her.

Téi ½ang mong gÜp cé Þy.

Ta nÍi “apologise to somebody for...”:

She apologised to me for not telling the truth. (khéng nÍi 'She apologised me')

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Cé ta xin líi téi vÉ ½Á khéng nÍi sú thât.

B B

Vði mît sê ½îng t÷ ò mÖc A, bÂn cÍ thæ sø dÖng cÞu trÒc verb+preposition+somebody+ -ing

½îng t÷+ giði t÷ sb + -ing She doesn’t approve of me gambling.

Unit 61. -Verb + preposition + -ing

Cé Þy khéng t¾n th¿nh vièc téi ½¾nh bÂc.

We are looking forward to Liz coming home.

TÞt cÀ chÒng téi ½ang mong Liz vå nh¿.

C C

Nhùng ½îng t÷ dõði ½Ýy cÍ thæ cÍ cÞu trÒc verb+object+preposition+ -ing:

½îng t÷ +tÒc t÷+giði t÷ + -ing

congratulate (on) I congratulated Ann on passing the exam.

Téi chÒc m÷ng Ann vå vièc cé Þy ½Á thi ½âu.

accuse (of) They accuse me of telling lies.

HÑ tê c¾o téi ½Á nÍi dêi.

suspect (of) Nobody suspected the man of being a spy.

Khéng mît ai nghi ngñ ngõñi ½¿n éng ½Í l¿ ½ièp viãn.

prevent (from) What prevented him from coming to see us?

#iåu gÉ ½Á ng×n cÀn anh ta tði gÜp chÒng téi?

stop (from) The police stopped everyone from leaving the building.

CÀnh s¾t ng×n khéng cho ai rñi khÏi c×n nh¿.

thank (for) I forgot to thank them for helping me.

Téi ½Á quãn c¾m ïn hÑ vå sú giÒp ½ó.

forgive (for) Please forgive me for not writing to you.

Xin hÁy tha thö téi vÉ ½Á khéng viät thõ cho bÂn.

warn (against) They warned us against buying the car.

BÂn cÕng cÍ thæ nÍi “stop somebody doing” (khéng cÍ from). Vây cÍ thæ nÍi l¿:

You can’t stop me doing what I want hay... stop me from doing what I want.

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Anh khéng thæ ng×n téi l¿m nhùng gÉ téi muên.

Mît v¿i trong sê nhùng ½îng t÷ trãn thõñng ½õôc dÓng ò dÂng bÌ ½îng. VÈ dÖ:

I was accused of telling lies.

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Téi bÌ tê c¾o l¿ ngõñi nÍi dêi.

The man was suspected of being a spy.

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Ngõñi ½¿n éng ½Í ½Á bÌ nghi ngñ l¿ mît ½ièp viãn.

We were warned against buying the car.

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ChÒng téi ½Á ½õôc khuyän c¾o l¿ khéng nãn mua chiäc xe ½Í.

A A

Khi nhùng th¿nh ngù dõði ½Ýy ½õôc theo sau bòi mît ½îng t÷, ½îng t÷ ½Í phÀi tân cÓng bÙng -ing.

It's no use.../It's no good...

There’s nothing you can do about the situation, so it’s no use worrying about it.

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BÂn chÚng thæ l¿m gÉ trong tÉnh thä n¿y, thât vé Èch khi lo lØng vå chuyèn ½Í.

It’s no good trying to persuade me. You won’t succeed.

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CÍ thuyät phÖc téi cÕng chÚng Èch gÉ. BÂn sÆ khéng th¿nh céng ½Ýu.

There's no point in...

There’s no point in having a car if you never use it.

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Näu bÂn khéng bao giñ dÓng ½än thÉ mua mît chiäc xe cÍ Èch lôi gÉ ½Ýu.

There was no point in waiting any longer, so we went.

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CÍ chñ ½ôi thãm cÕng chÚng Èch gÉ nãn chÒng téi bÏ ½i.

It's (not) worth...

I live only a short walk from here, so it’s not worth taking a taxi.

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Téi chÊ ò c¾ch ½Ýy cÍ mÞy bõðc théi, chÚng ½¾ng phÀi ½i taxi.

It was so late when we got home, it wasn’t worth going to bed.

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Khi chÒng téi vå nh¿ thÉ cÕng ½Á khuya lØm rëi, nãn chÚng cßn ngÔ nùa.

BÂn cÍ thæ nÍi “a film is worth seeing” (mît cuên phim ½¾ng xem), “a book is worth reading” (mît cuên s¾ch ½¾ng ½Ñc):

What was a film like? Was it worth seeing?

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Cuên phim ½Á nhõ thä n¿o? NÍ cÍ ½¾ng xem khéng?

I don’t think newspapers are worth reading.

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Téi khéng nghË rÙng b¾o chÈ ½¾ng ½æ ½Ñc.

B B

(Have) difficulty -ing

CÍ thæ nÍi “have difficult doing something” (khéng phÀi 'to do'):

I have difficulty finding a place to live. (khéng nÍi "I had difficulty to find")

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Téi ½Á gÜp khÍ kh×n khi tÉm mît chí ½æ ò.

Did you have any difficulty getting a visa?

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BÂn xin thÌ thúc cÍ khÍ kh×n gÉ khéng?

People often have great difficulty reading my writing.

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MÑi ngõñi thõñng khÍ kh×n khi ½Ñc chù viät cÔa téi.

Ta thõñng nÍi “have difficulty” chö khéng nÍi “have difficulties”.

I’m sure you’ll have no difficulty passing the exam. (khéng nÍi 'have difficulties')

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In document Implementación del sistema de gestión de calidad en el proceso de transporte de la empresa amsa basado en la norma ISO 9001:2008. (página 104-200)