LA FUNDAMENTACIÓN Y PLANTEAMIENTO DEL
1.4. Marco curricular español relacionado con la alimentación de los adolescentes adolescentes
The Karlygash [17] is a self contained unit which is connected by a covered walkway to the island and is designed for a maximum capacity of 180 operating persons. The accommodation consists of 6 one-person cabins and 87 two-person cabins.
The Karlygash is located at the south side of the Drilling Island as far as practically possible from the well centre, to separate these facilities from the principal hydrocarbon hazard of a shallow gas blowout. Access between the island and the LQ is via a single bridge, which also carries communications links. Designated escape routes enable personnel to traverse from the drill floor and other areas of the island to the TR via the bridge. The whole of the accommodation has an A60 fire rating and is gas tight to form the TR. This ensures essential services equipment such as main or emergency power, HVAC, F&G, PAGA and associated UPSs are protected for the TR endurance period of 120 minutes, with blast overpressure withstand of 100 mbar.
The Karlygash is equipped with generators, sewage treatment systems, fresh water generating systems and incinerators. Offices, Radio Room, Mess Room, Galley and recreation facilities are situated on the main deck. The operational capacity between resupply is at least 21 days.
Furthermore the barge is equipped with marine equipment as follows:
• Ballast systems;
• Bilge system;
• Fresh water cooling system;
• Sewage System;
The Karlygash is also equipped with a crane on the starboard side of the barge fore end.
2.22.1 Karlygash Particulars
The overall design parameters of the Karlygash are:
Length overall 95.10 m
Length mld 95.00 m
Breadth overall (without removable walkway) 16.44 m
Breadth mld 16.40 m
Depth mld. to main deck 6.39 m
Scantling draft 6.00 m
Design draft 3.60 m
Minimum draft (without storage, water, fuel, sewage and dry systems) 1.75 m
Main generators: 2 off normal power Generators make Caterpillar, 400/230V 60Hz TN-S.
Emergency generator Generator make Caterpillar, 400/230V 60Hz TN-S.
Class: Russian Maritime Register of Shipping
Kazakhstan Flag 2.22.2 Power systems
Karlygash ac power is generated by two main 60Hz generator sets each capable of a continuous maximum power supply. Generation capacity is equivalent to 110% minimum of the assessed peak accommodation load. The generators are situated on the lower deck.
2.22.3 Emergency Power
The LQ is fitted with an emergency generator which auto starts on main power failure supplying the following:
• Area lighting;
• Emergency lighting systems;
• LQ/TR area central air conditioning systems;
• Re-circulating units for essential area (designed Muster area);
• LQ/TR and utilities air locks supply;
• A stored air system with air compressors which will supply air to air locks; and
• CO2 scrubbing system.
The generator is situated in a separate room to the main generators and is also capable of functioning as a black start machine.
Karlygash is also equipped with a UPS system sized for a minimum of two hours of operation for:
• Telecoms;
• Fire and gas system;
• The re-circulation system for essential areas (designated Muster Area); and
• Emergency lighting.
2.22.4 Escape Lighting
Karlygash has a battery-backed escape lighting which gives sufficient illumination, at all times, to escape routes, internal and external exits, sleeping cabins, ladders, walkways, TR, muster points and escape craft embarkation points, to allow the safe movement of personnel for muster and evacuation. Battery duration for all emergency lighting systems is 2 hours.
2.22.5 CCTV
The Karlygash CCTV system provides monitoring of the embarkation/disembarkation areas, ice conditions and also 360° coverage around the barge. Two additional cameras enable monitoring of Rig/Island locations. The CCTV has 1 hour emergency back up time.
2.22.6 F&G detection system
The Karlygash has a comprehensive, self contained fire and gas detection system which interfaces with that of the island. The vessel is divided into a number of discrete fire zones to enable fast response. Key equipment includes:
• Optical smoke detectors provided in all areas, rooms and voids, with heat detection installed in the galley;
• Technical rooms within the LQ will be equipped with high sensitive smoke detection apparatus system utilizing air sampling for early detection;
• A fire and gas panel with UPS.
2.22.7 Active Fire Fighting
Karlygash is fitted with a two main fire pumps (one duty, one standby) and an emergency fire pump, all diesel driven supplying fire hydrants and hoses located throughout the barge together with foam monitors e.g. at helideck. Additional fire protection is provided for generator rooms and the galley extraction hood. Portable fire extinguishers are provided according to the requirements of NFPA, SOLAS, the Classification Society and RoK authorities.
The fire extinguishing installed is as follows:
• Diesel generator room: CO2 fire fighting system Seawater from fire main
Portable fire extinguishers
• Pump room: Sea water from fire main
Portable fire extinguishers
• Emergency Generator Room: CO2 fire fighting system Portable fire extinguishers
• Living Quarter: Seawater from fire main Portable fire extinguishers
• Helideck Seawater from fire main
• Switch Gear Room Portable CO2 fire extinguishers 2.22.8 Passive fire protection system
All external walls of the TR are A60 rated and additional heat shielding is provided on the bridge and on the walkway from the bridge to the TR.
2.22.9 Helideck
The helideck is located above the barge and is designed in accordance with the requirements of CAP 437, and certified for 9.3 tonnes weight limit (a AS33212 class helicopter). The helideck is provided with all necessary lighting, netting, chocks, non-slip surface, wind sock, and fire fighting equipment. The system meets the UPS requirement in the MODU standard (18 hr). The helideck is not used due to approach angles not being attained due to the proximity of the Shapagat LQ/ TR barge.
2.22.10 Temporary Refuge (TR)
The Living Quarters forms the Temporary Refuge (TR). Under emergency operational conditions the TR will accommodate 180 personnel for a minimum of two hours of operation. The TR has an A60 fire rated enclosure and is gas tight with 4 airlocks at the main external entrances to the TR.
The airlocks are ventilated by the main HVAC system and positively pressurized to 50 mbar . On confirmed fire and gas detection magnetic door latches release and allow the door to shut.
Executive actions automatically initiated by the fire & gas system will trip the HVAC systems, including closing of ventilation dampers and release of magnetic door latches.
The TR is fully supported with medical and command support functions. If the TR within the Karlygash is compromised (e.g. by an internal event), an alternative muster area is provided on the island. If evacuation is required from this area, a portable satellite phone will be taken to the muster point to provide external communications.
A duplicate system for pressurization of the LQ/TR with automatic switchover to stand-by units is provided. Under emergency conditions the pressurization of the essential area shall be maintained by use of the stored air system
2.22.11 Diesel systems
The marine diesel oil system, (MDO), consists of one MDO storage tank, filling line from main deck, transfer system to main diesel generators, fire pumps, emergency diesel generator and filling station for external lifeboats. The diesel oil system is designed for use of ”arctic MDO” Low wax content. A diesel centrifuge and filtration system shall clean and transfer diesel from the raw to the clean storage tanks.
2.22.12 Seawater system
Seawater is taken from the sea chests for distribution to fire-water, equipment cooling and the potable water system.
2.22.13 Liquid Waste Management System
The Karlygash liquid waste management system is illustrated in Figure 2.8.
Figure 2.8 : Karlygash Liquid Waste Management System 2.22.14 Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) System
A duplicated system for pressurization of the LQ/TR with automatic switchover to stand-by units is provided. Each system maintains a 50 mbar differential between internal areas and the ambient air.
Fire and gas dampers are provided at all HVAC penetrations and intakes/outlets, closing automatically on a fire and gas signal, on failure of the incorporated thermal device or manually (from pushbuttons in the TR). All dampers fail closed with the exception of the air supply to the fire pump.
2.22.15 Potable Water System
Karlygash is fitted with a potable water system designed to produce a minimum of 290 litres per person per day. A minimum stock of 21 days consumption is held. There are no water making facilities on the island.
2.22.16 Breathing Air
The Karlygash is equipped with a compressed air bottle storage and hard pipe breathing air distribution system. Air is supplied to the system at 300 barg from cylinder storage banks within the TR. The system is also capable of providing TR pressurisation for a minimum of 2-hours at a constant demand in addition to the following services:
• Providing over pressure to TR of 50 mbar;
• Providing over pressure to air locks (4-off) to 40 mbar;
• Providing required air changes to purge airlocks; and
• Providing breathing quality air supply to externally mounted cascade panels (for portable bottle recharge and personnel plug-in breathing air umbilicals).
2.22.17 Medical Facilities - Hospital
The Hospital consists of a two-bed ward, isolation ward, consultation area, shower/toilet room and connecting medics cabin with vision panel in partition with ward.
The isolation ward is located so that it provides direct access to an outside area to allow a stretcher and 2 attendants to manoeuvre and transfer an injured or sick person to the helideck or support craft. The facilities include:
• Full length examination couch, on rubber wheels, provided with brakes;
• Examination chair;
• Base unit with sink and double drainer. Elbow action taps;
• Defibrillator;
• Airway management system including face mask, ventilation bag and oxygen supply;
• Pharmacy refrigerator;
• Stretcher suitable for winching;
• Collapsible stretcher;
• Two hospital beds accessible from three sides with sufficient space on one side to allow transfer of patient from stretcher to bed; and
• Wheel chair.
2.22.18 Telecommunications
The Karlygash barge has a Radio Operator Room (ROR) (which can also to be used as the local incident command centre) and Telecom Equipment room (TER). The TER will house all Central telecom and IT equipment unless stated otherwise. A dedicated climate control system is installed for the TER, capable of maintaining a temperature of 21oC during normal operation.
All telecoms systems have a 3 hour autonomy time, except for SOLAS communications, which have 24 hour autonomy time and the NAVAIDS, which have a 96 hours back up time.
The following equipment is installed:
• VSAT satellite system;
• PABX telephone system;
• LAN and telephone cabling;
• Two marine band VHF radios, one fitted and one complete spare stored;
• Four portable marine band VHF radios;
• Two marine Single Side Band (SSB) radios, one fitted and one complete spare stored;
• Two aviation band VHF radios, one fitted and one complete spare stored; and
• Four portable aviation band VHF radios, these units to be provided with headsets and microphones for hands free transmission.
The TR telecomm room is wired for LAN and Telephone cabling and is connected to D-Island and LQ’s systems.
2.22.19 Public Address and General Alarm System
A Public Address System with coverage of the entire TR Barge is fitted. The system has high survivability and high availability. Duplicate A and B system in accordance with offshore industry practice are provided. The system is interfaced with the digital PA amplifier system located on the LQ barge in such a way that announcements made from this location can be heard in the TR barge and vice versa.
There are three live voice input/control positions into the system:
• The OIM;
• ROR; and
• Muster point.