MEXICO INDEPENDIENTE
XII. No existirá obligación del franquiciatario de enajenar o transmitir al franquiciante en ningún momento, las acciones de su sociedad o hacerlo socio de la misma, salvo pacto en contrario
2.7. BLOQUES COMERCIALES
2.7.10. MERCADO COMUN DEL SUR (MERCOSUR)
1. Click the Advanced Attributes tab.
2. Set the advanced attributes of the port.
3. Click Apply.
----End
Example
Table 8-4 Parameters for the basic attributes
Parameter Value Range Default Value Description
Enabled/Disabled Enabled Disabled
Disabled l If the port gains access to services, set this parameter to Enabled. In the case of other ports, set this parameter to Disabled.
l If you set this parameter to Enabled for the port that does not gain access to services, an ETH_LOS alarm may be generated.
Working Mode l In the case of the EFT4 board:
Auto-Negotiation l The Ethernet ports of different types support different working modes.
l When the equipment at the opposite end works in the auto-negotiation mode, set the working mode of the equipment at the local end to Auto-Negotiation.
l When the equipment at the opposite end works in full-duplex mode, set the working mode of the equipment at the local end to 10M Full-Duplex, 1000 Full-Duplex or 1000M Full-Duplex, depending on the port rate of the equipment at the opposite end.
l When the equipment at the opposite end works in half-duplex mode, set the working mode of the equipment at the local end to 10M Full-Duplex, 100M Full-Duplex or set to
Auto-Negotiation, depending on the port rate of the equipment at the opposite end.
l The GE optical interfaces on the EMS6 support only auto-negotiation and 1000M full duplex working modes.
Parameter Value Range Default Value Description
1522 l The value of this parameter is greater than the maximum length of a frame among all the data frames to be transmitted.
l If Jumbo frames are not considered and the accessed services are ordinary Ethernet frames that use VLAN tags or do not have VLAN tags, it is
recommended that you use the default value. If the access services include services (such as QinQ services) that use two-layer tags, it is recommended that you set this parameter to 1526 or a greater value.
MAC LoopBack Non-Loopback Inloop
Non-Loopback l When you set this parameter to Inloop, the Ethernet frame signals to be sent to the opposite end are looped back.
l In normal cases, it is recommended that you use the default value.
PHY LoopBack Non-Loopback Inloop
Non-Loopback l When you set this parameter to Inloop, the Ethernet physical signals to be sent to the opposite end are looped back.
l In normal cases, it is recommended that you use the default value.
Table 8-5 Parameters for flow control
Parameter Value Range Default Value Description
Disabled l This parameter is valid only when you set Working Mode to Auto-Negotiation.
l When you set this parameter to Enable Symmetric Flow Control, the port can send the PAUSE frames and process the received PAUSE frames.
l When you set this parameter Send Only, the port can send the PAUSE frames in the case of congestion but cannot process the received PAUSE frames.
l When you set this parameter to Send Only, the port can process the received PAUSE frames but cannot send the PAUSE frames in the case of congestion.
l The non-autonegotiation flow control mode of the equipment at the local end must be the same as the
non-autonegotiation flow control mode of the equipment at the opposite end.
Autonegotiation
Disabled l This parameter is valid only when you set Working Mode to Auto-Negotiation.
l When you set this parameter to Enable Symmetric Flow Control, the port can send the PAUSE frames and process the received PAUSE frames.
l When you set this parameter to Enable Symmetric Flow Control, the port can send the PAUSE frames in the case of congestion but cannot process the received PAUSE frames.
l When you set this parameter to Enable Symmetric/Dissymmetric Flow Control, the port can perform as follows:
–Sends and processes the PAUSE frames.
–Sends but does not process the PAUSE frames.
–Processes but does not send PAUSE frames.
l The auto-negotiation flow control mode of the equipment at the local end must be the same as the auto-negotiation flow control mode of the equipment at the opposite end.
Table 8-6 Parameters for the TAG attributes
Parameter Value Range Default Value Description
TAG Tag Aware
Access Hybrid
Tag Aware l When ports are configured with TAG flags, the ports process frames by using the methods provided in Table 8-9.
l If all the accessed services are frames with the VLAN tag (tagged frames), set this parameter to Tag Aware.
l If all the accessed services are frames without the VLAN tag (untagged frames), set this parameter to Access.
l If the accessed services contain tagged frames and untagged frames, set this parameter to Hybrid.
Default VLAN ID 1 to 4095 1 l This parameter is valid only when you set TAG to Access or Hybrid.
l For details about the functions of this parameter, see Table 8-9.
l You need to set this parameter according to the actual situation.
VLAN Priority 0 to 7 0 l This parameter is valid only when you set
TAG to Access or Hybrid.
l For details about the functions of this parameter, see Table 8-9.
l When the VLAN priority is required to divide streams or to be used for other purposes, set this parameter according to the actual situation. Generally, it is recommended that you use the default value.
Entry Detection Enabled Disabled
Enable l Indicates whether to check the incoming packets from the port according to the TAG attributes.
l You need to set this parameter according to the actual situation.
Table 8-7 Parameters for the network attributes
Parameter Value Range Default Value Description
Port Attributes UNI C-Aware S-Aware
UNI l When you set this parameter to UNI, the port processes data frames according to the tag attributes.
l When you set this parameter to C-Awareor S-Aware, the port does not process the data frames according to the tag attributes but processes the data frames according to the method of processing QinQ services.
l If a port needs to transmit a QinQ-based service, set this parameter to C-Aware or S-Aware. Otherwise, this parameter takes the default value.
Table 8-8 Parameters for the advanced attributes
Parameter Value Range Default Value Description
Enabling
Broadcast Packet Suppression
Disabled Enabled
Disabled Specifies whether to restrict the traffic of broadcast packets according to the ratio of the broadcast packets to the total packets.
When a broadcast storm may occur in the equipment at the opposite end, set this parameter to Enabled.
Broadcast Packet Suppression Threshold
10% to 100% 30% The port discards the received broadcast packets when the ratio of the received broadcast packets to the total packets exceeds the value of this parameter. The value of this parameter is greater than the ratio of the broadcast packets to the total packets when the broadcast storm does not occur. Generally, set this parameter to 30%
or a greater value.
Flow Threshold
l Specifies the threshold when the flow is zero. This parameter is valid only when you set Zero-Flow Monitor to
Enabled.
l This parameter is not applicable to the EFP6 board.
Parameter Value Range Default Value Description Zero-Flow
Monitor
Disabled Enabled
Disabled l Specifies whether to enable the zero-flow monitoring function.
l When this parameter is set to Enabled for a port, the traffic threshold-crossing alarm is reported if the traffic over the port is lower than the traffic threshold.
l This parameter is not applicable to the EFP6 board.
Zero-Flow Monitor Interval (min)
0 to 30 0 l Specifies the zero-flow monitoring cycle.
This parameter is valid only when you set Zero-Flow Monitor to Enabled.
l This parameter is not applicable to the EFP6 board.
Loop Detection Disabled Enabled
Disabled Specifies whether to enable loop detection, which is used to check whether a loop exists on the port.
Table 8-9 Methods used by ports to process data frames
Direction Type of Data
Frame Processing Method
Tag aware Access Hybrid
Ingress Tagged frame The port receives the frame.
The port discards the frame.
The port receives the frame.
Untagged frame The port discards the frame.
The port adds the VLAN tag to which Default VLAN ID
The port adds the VLAN tag to which Default VLAN ID
Direction Type of Data
Frame Processing Method
Tag aware Access Hybrid
Egress Tagged frame The port transmits
the frame.
The port strips the VLAN tag from the frame and then transmits the frame.
l If the VLAN ID in the frame is Default VLAN ID, the port strips the VLAN tag from the frame and then transmits the frame.
l If the VLAN ID in the frame is not Default VLAN ID, the port directly transmits the frame.
A Glossary
Terms are listed in an alphabetical order.
A.1 0-9 A.2 A-E A.3 F-J A.4 K-O A.5 P-T A.6 U-Z
A.1 0-9
1+1 protection An architecture that has one normal traffic signal, one working SNC/trail, one protection SNC/trail and a permanent bridge. At the source end, the normal traffic signal is permanently bridged to both the working and protection SNC/trail. At the sink end, the normal traffic signal is selected from the better of the two SNCs/trails. Due to the permanent bridging, the 1+1 architecture does not allow an extra unprotected traffic signal to be provided.
1U The standard electronics industries association (EIA) rack unit (44 mm/1.75 in.) 802.1Q in 802.1Q 802.1Q in 802.1Q (QinQ) is a VLAN feature that allows the equipment to add a VLAN
tag to a tagged frame.The implementation of QinQ is to add a public VLAN tag to a frame with a private VLAN tag, making the frame encapsulated with two layers of VLAN tags. The frame is forwarded over the service provider's backbone network based on the public VLAN tag. By this, a layer 2 VPN tunnel is provided to customers.The QinQ feature enables the transmission of the private VLANs to the peer end transparently.
A.2 A-E
A
ABR See Available Bit Rate
ACAP See adjacent channel alternate polarization
Access Control List Access Control List (ACL) is a list of IP address. The addresses listed in the ACL are used for authentication. If the ACL for the user is not null, it indicates that the address where the user logged in is contained in the list.
ACL See Access Control List
adaptive modulation A technology that is used to automatically adjust the modulation mode according to the channel quality. When the channel quality is favorable, the equipment adopts a high-efficiency modulation mode to improve the transmission high-efficiency and the spectrum utilization of the system. When the channel quality is degraded, the equipment adopts the low-efficiency modulation mode to improve the anti-interference capability of the link that carries high-priority services.
ADC See Analog to Digital Converter
add/drop multiplexer Add/Drop Multiplexing. Network elements that provide access to all or some subset of the constituent signals contained within an STM-N signal. The constituent signals are added to (inserted), and/or dropped from (extracted) the STM-N signal as it passed through the ADM.
Address Resolution Protocol
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is an Internet Protocol used to map IP addresses to MAC addresses. It allows hosts and routers to determine the link layer addresses through ARP requests and ARP responses. The address resolution is a process in which the host converts the target IP address into a target MAC address before transmitting a frame.
The basic function of the ARP is to query the MAC address of the target equipment through its IP address.
adjacent channel alternate polarization
A channel configuration method, which uses two adjacent channels (a horizontal polarization wave and a vertical polarization wave) to transmit two signals.
ADM See add/drop multiplexer
Administrative Unit The information structure which provides adaptation between the higher order path layer and the multiplex section layer. It consists of an information payload (the higher order VC) and an AU pointer which indicates the offset of the payload frame start relative to the multiplex section frame start.
AF See Assured Forwarding
AGC See Automatic Gain Control
aggregation A collection of objects that makes a whole. An aggregation can be a concrete or conceptual set of whole-part relationships among objects.
AIS See Alarm Indication Signal
Alarm automatic report
When an alarm is generated on the device side, the alarm is reported to the N2000. Then, an alarm panel prompts and the user can view the details of the alarm.
alarm cascading The shunt-wound output of the alarm signals of several subracks or cabinets.
Alarm Filtering An NE reports the detected alarm to the element management system (EMS). Based on the filter state of the alarm, the EMS determines whether to display or save the alarm information. If the filter state of an alarm is set to Filter, the alarm is not displayed or stored on the EMS. The alarm, however, is still monitored by the NE.
Alarm Indication Signal
A code sent downstream in a digital network as an indication that an upstream failure has been detected and alarmed. It is associated with multiple transport layers. Note: See ITU-T Rec. G.707/Y.1322 for specific AIS signals.
Alarm suppression A function used not to monitor alarms for a specific object, which may be the networkwide equipment, a specific NE, a specific board and even a specific function module of a specific board.
AM See adaptive modulation
Analog to Digital Converter
An electronic circuit that converts continuous signals to discrete digital numbers. The reverse operation is performed by a digital-to-analog converter (DAC).
APS See Automatic Protection Switching
ARP See Address Resolution Protocol
ASK amplitude shift keying
Assured Forwarding Assured Forwarding (AF) is one of the four per-hop behaviors (PHB) defined by the Diff-Serv workgroup of IETF. AF is suitable for certain key data services that require assured bandwidth and short delay. For traffic within the limit, AF assures quality in forwarding. For traffic that exceeds the limit, AF degrades the service class and continues to forward the traffic instead of discarding the packets.
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
A data transfer technology based on cell, in which packets allocation relies on channel demand. It supports fast packet switching to achieve efficient utilization of network resources. The size of a cell is 53 bytes, which consist of 48-byte payload and 5-byte header.
ATM See Asynchronous Transfer Mode
ATM PVC ATM Permanent Virtual Circuit
ATPC See automatic transmit power control
attenuator A device used to increase the attenuation of an Optical Fibre Link. Generally used to ensure that the signal at the receive end is not too strong.
AU See Administrative Unit
Automatic Gain Control
A process or means by which gain is automatically adjusted in a specified manner as a function of a specified parameter, such as received signal level.
Automatic Protection Switching
Automatic Protection Switching (APS) is the capability of a transmission system to detect a failure on a working facility and to switch to a standby facility to recover the traffic.
automatic transmit power control
A method of adjusting the transmit power based on fading of the transmit signal detected at the receiver
Available Bit Rate A kind of service categories defined by the ATM forum. ABR only provides possible forwarding service and applies to the connections that does not require the real-time quality. It does not provide any guarantee in terms of cell loss or delay.
B
Backward Defect Indication
When detecting a defect, the sink node of a LSP uses backward defect indication (BDI) to inform the upstream end of the LSP of a downstream defect along the return path.
bandwidth A range of transmission frequencies that a transmission line or channel can carry in a network. In fact, it is the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies the transmission line or channel. The greater the bandwidth, the faster the data transfer rate.
Base Station Controller A logical entity that connects the BTS with the MSC in a GSM network. It interworks with the BTS through the Abis interface, the MSC through the A interface. It provides the following functions: Radio resource management, Base station management, Power control, Handover control, and Traffic measurement. One BSC controls and manages one or more BTSs in an actual network.
Base Transceiver Station
A Base Transceiver Station terminates the radio interface. It allows transmission of traffic and signaling across the air interface. The BTS includes the baseband processing, radio equipment, and the antenna.
BDI See Backward Defect Indication
BE See best effort
BER See Bit Error Rate
best effort A kind of PHB (Per-Hop-Behavior). In the forwarding process of a DS domain, the traffic of this PHB type features reachability but the DS node does not guarantee the forwarding quality.
BIOS Basic Input Output System
BIP Bit-Interleaved Parity
bit error An incompatibility between a bit in a transmitted digital signal and the corresponding bit in the received digital signal.
Bit Error Rate Bit error rate. Ratio of received bits that contain errors. BER is an important index used to measure the communications quality of a network.
blank filler panel A piece of board to cover vacant slots, to keep the frame away from dirt, to keep proper airflow inside the frame, and to beautify the frame appearance.
BPDU See Bridge Protocol Data Unit
Bridge Protocol Data Unit
The data messages that are exchanged across the switches within an extended LAN that uses a spanning tree protocol (STP) topology. BPDU packets contain information on ports, addresses, priorities and costs and ensure that the data ends up where it was intended to go. BPDU messages are exchanged across bridges to detect loops in a network topology. The loops are then removed by shutting down selected bridges interfaces and placing redundant switch ports in a backup, or blocked, state.
Broadcast A means of delivering information to all members in a network. The broadcast range is determined by the broadcast address.
BSC See Base Station Controller
BTS See Base Transceiver Station
Buffer A storage area used for handling data in transit. Buffers are used in internetworking to compensate for differences in processing speed between network devices. Bursts of data can be stored in buffers until they can be handled by slower processing devices.
C
C-VLAN Customer VLAN
Cable distribution plate A component which is used to arrange the cables in order.
cable ladder (1) A cable ladder is a frame which supports electrical cables. (2) Two metal cables usually made of stainless steel with rungs of lightweight metal tubing such as aluminum, six or eight inches wide spaced about eighteen inches apart. It can be rolled into a compact lightweight bundle for transport ease.
cable tie The tape used to bind the cables.
cabling trough The trough which is used for cable routing in the cabinet.
captive nut Captive nuts (or as they are more correctly named, 'tee nuts') have a range of uses but are more commonly used in the hobby for engine fixing (securing engine mounts to the firewall), wing fixings, and undercarriage fixing.
CAR See committed access rate
CBR See Constant Bit Rate
CCC See Circuit Cross Connect
CCDP See Co-Channel Dual Polarization
CCM See continuity check message
CE See Customer Edge
Central Processing Unit
The CPU is the brains of the computer. Sometimes referred to simply as the processor
The CPU is the brains of the computer. Sometimes referred to simply as the processor