MEFCCA Programa Hambre Cero
Capítulo 4. Listado de Variedades de Semillas Certificadas de Granos Básicos por Rubro (arroz, frijol, sorgo, maíz) de mayor demanda
4.3 Listado de Semillas Certificadas de Granos Básicos Comercializadas a nivel nacional
4.4.1 Mercado Regional de Semillas Certificadas a. Maíz
amount.
Q: How do you determine the highest bidder in an auction sale?
A: Given the total amount due, the highest bidder
is determined by the smallest number of shares or a fraction of a share that the bidder is willing to buy for said total amount.
Q: May the sale of delinquent share in public auction be questioned?
A: The sale at public auction of delinquent share
is absolute and not subject to redemption. However, an action may be filed to question the sale, the requisites for which are:
1. There should be allegation and proof of irregularity or defect in the notice of sale or in the sale itself.
2. The party filing the action must first pay the party holding the stock the sum for which the stock was sold with legal interest from the date of sale.
3. The action is filed within 6 months from the date of sale.
Q: Does the action to question a delinquency sale prescribe? A: Yes. The action prescribes 6 months from such sale. (5) ALIENATION OF SHARES
Q: Is the registration of the corporation of the transfer of shares required for the alienation to be valid?
A: As between the parties to the contract of sale,
registration of the transfer of shares is not required for the sale to be valid but until it has been recorded in the books of the corporation, the transferee will not be considered as a stockholder of the corporation. Q: What are the reasons for the recordal of the alienation of shares? A: The reasons for the recordal are: 1. To enable the corporation to know at all times their actual stock holders.
2. To afford the corporation the opportunity to object or refuse its consent to the transfer in case it has any claim against the stock and
3. To avoid fictitious and fraudulent transfer
(A) ALLOWABLE RESTRICTIONS ON THE SALE OF SHARES
Q: Can a stockholder dispose of his shares without any restriction?
A: Shares of stock are regarded as personal
property of the stockholder and as a general rule, he may dispose of them as he sees fit unless the corporation has been dissolved, or unless the right to do so has been restricted in the articles of incorporation and in the stock certificate or the owner’s right of disposing his shares has been hampered by his own actions.
Q: Can the corporation provide regulations to the sale/transfer of the shares of stockholders?
A: Yes, but the authority granted to a corporation
to regulate the transfer of its stock does not empower it to restrict the right of a stockholder to transfer his shares, but merely authorizes the adoption of regulations as to the formalities and procedure to be followed in effecting transfer
(Thomson vs. CA, G.R. No. 116631, October 28, 1998). Q: What are the requisites for a restriction to be valid? A: To be valid, restrictions on the sale/transfer of shares must be: 1. Provided in the articles of incorporation and
2. it must be printed at the back of the certificate of stock.
Note: The latter requirement is needed to bind third persons who may buy or deal with the shares of stock.
(B) SALE OF PARTIALLY PAID SHARES
Q: May a shareholder sell his shares if the payment of his subscription is incomplete?
A: Yes. The incomplete payment of the
subscription does not preclude the subscriber from alienating his shares of stock. Since in this case, there is still no stock certificates that can be
issued (See Sec. 64), the transfer may be thru a “Share Purchase Agreement Contract.” (C) SALE OF A PORTION OF SHARES NOT FULLY PAID Q: Is the sale of a portion of shares not fully paid allowed? A: Yes, in case of delinquent shares. (D) SALE OF ALL SHARES NOT FULLY PAID
Q: Is the sale of shares of not fully paid subscription allowed? A: Yes but to bind the corporation, consent of the corporation shall be obtained unless not allowed by AOI. (E) SALE OF FULLY PAID SHARES Q: Is the sale of fully paid shares allowed?
A: Yes, even without the consent of the
corporation as long as the requisites for the valid transfer of shares are complied.
(F) REQUISITES OF A VALID TRANSFER
Q: What are the requirements for a valid transfer of stock already fully paid and covered by stock ccertificates?
A:
1. There must be a delivery of the stock certificate.
2. The certificate of stock must be duly endorsed by the transferor or his legal representative.
3. To be valid against third parties, the transfer must be recorded in the books of the corporation (Rural Bank of Lipa
vs. CA, G.R. No. 124535, September 28, 2001). (G) INVOLUNTARY DEALINGS Q: What is involuntary dealing?
A: It refers to such writ, order or process issued
by a court of record affecting shares of stocks which by law should be registered to be effective, and also to such instruments which are not the willful acts of the registered owner and which may have been executed even without his knowledge or against his consent.
Q: Give examples of involuntary dealings of a share. A: 1. Attachment 2. Sale on execution of judgment or sales for taxes 3. Adverse claims 4. Foreclosure of mortgage of stocks
Q: Must involuntary dealings be registered? A: Yes. It is the act of registration which creates a
constructive notice to the whole world of such instrument or court writ or process and is the operative act that conveys ownership or affects the land insofar as third persons are concerned.
(Aquino, p. 185, 2007 ed)
K. DISSOLUTION AND LIQUIDATION
Q: What is meant by dissolution?
A: It is the extinguishment of the franchise of a
corporation and the termination of its corporate existence.
(1) MODES OF DISSOLUTION
Q: What are the modes of dissolution of corporation? A: Voluntary and Involuntary dissolution. (A) VOLUNTARY Q: What are the voluntary modes of dissolution of a corporation? A: 1. Where no creditors are affected Procedure:
a. Majority vote of the board of directors or trustees; and
b. Resolution duly adopted by the affirmative vote of the stockholders owning at least 2/3 of the outstanding capital stock or at least 2/3 of the members at a meeting duly called for that purpose.
c. A copy of the resolution authorizing the dissolution shall be certified by a majority of the board of directors or trustees and countersigned by the secretary of the corporation.
d. Such copy shall be filed with SEC.