Tendencia de la oralidad

of ECOWAS and the AU, respectively, are indicative of such efforts. Also, Nigeria's foreign policy has positioned the country in the driver's seat for active participation in peace- keeping and peace-enforcement roles, illustrated by its peacekeeping and humanitarian intervention in Darfur. Finally, the paper pays attention to Nigeria's chances of securing a permanent seat in the United Nations Security Council. Notes, ref., sum. [Journal abstract]

145 Akinola, Samson Ranti

African and Asian Studies: (2010), vol. 9, no. 1/2, p. 55-82 : fig.

ASC Subject Headin

The increasing deprivation, neglect and orchestrated politics of exclusion by the State of Nigeria against the people of the Niger Delta can be traced to the structurally defective and centralized governance arrangements in the Niger Delta. The consequent stiff resistance, violent reactions, militancy and hostage taking triggered by this politics of exclusion in the region have confirmed that people matter in politics. This paper argues that in some ways, the weakness of centralized and structurally defective governance in the Niger Delta provides an opportunity for community self-governing institutions to play the role that governments and their agencies have abandoned. Using the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework, the paper engages in problem solving and solution seeking strategies that could help restructure the public sphere in the Niger Delta. It demonstrates principles and practices needed to make polycentric planning, self-governance and adaptive development strategies resolve socioeconomic and political crisis. It is in light of this exigency that the paper develops an African Public Sphere Restructuring Model (APSRM) that derives inspirations and workability mechanisms from twelve (12) African development models that cut across several sectors of the economy in the Niger Delta. Bibliogr., notes, ref., sum. [Journal abstract]

146 Akintayo, D.I.

Eastern Africa Social Science Research Review: (2010), vol. 26, no. 1, p. 23-40 : tab.

ASC Subject Headings

A total of 335 respondents were selected from public and private organizations in Nigeria in order to investigate the impact of emotional intelligence and conflicts between work and family situations on the effectiveness of managers in organizations in Nigeria. These respondents were provided with a questionnaire. The findings, which are published in this

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paper, reveal that there is a significant combined contribution of emotional intelligence and work-family conflicts to managerial effectiveness. Emotional intelligence is found to be the strongest determinant of managerial effectiveness since it is capable of moderating the negative effect of work-family conflicts on the effectiveness of the managers. Recommendations conclude the paper. Bibliogr., note, ref., sum. [Journal abstract]

147 Alozieuwa, Simeon H.O.

Simeon H.O. Alozieuwa - In: Nigerian Journal of International Affairs: (2007), vol. 33, no. 1, p. 127-151.

ASC Subject Headings

After a long spell of military dictatorship, Nigeria embraced civil politics in 1999. The process leading to the enthronement of civil rule in the country was, however, dominated by intense political rivalry between the military and civilian elements of the country's political elites. With the military wing having the upper hand in Nigeria's power game, it was not surprising that the bigger political party, the People's Democratic Party (PDP), threw up Olusegun Obasanjo, a retired army general, as its presidential candidate. Not surprisingly either, the manipulated electoral process enthroned Obasanjo. Some seven years later, however, as Nigeria began a journey to another republic, political tension rose high owing mainly to the struggle for control between civilian politicians and retired military officers turned-politicians. The present paper argues that Nigeria's politicians have to strike a balance that can accommodate both the civilian and military elements of the country's political class. This is the face of the new diarchy in Nigeria as against the earlier variant advocated as a panacea to political instability in the country by the late Nnamdi Azikiwe in his Fourth Arm theory (1972). Notes, ref., sum. [Journal abstract]

148 Ayantayo, Jacob Kehinde

Ayantayo - In: Africa Development: (2009), vol. 34, no. 3/4, p. 93-109.

ASC Subject Headings

The main thrust of this paper is that religious factors in the Nigerian public sphere have not received much scholarly attention. This is the gap the paper fills as it highlights religious factors in the Nigerian public sphere, which are exemplified in the spiritualization of politics, in particular elections, the interpretation of political manifestos, voting patterns, the choice of candidates and party leadership, oath swearing into office, and the design and execution of political policy. Attention is also paid to the implications for the promotion of political ethics and ideologies. Data obtained from interviews with randomly selected political

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functionaries along with political historical documents are analysed and discussed within the ambit of functional theory of religion. Having examined the burdens and prospects inherent in the discourse, the paper recommends ways of making religion a continuous veritable tool for promoting good governance in Nigeria. Bibliogr., sum. in English and French. [Journal abstract]

149 Ayinde, Aremu Fatai

Ayinde & Md. Dulal Miah - In: Nigerian Journal of International Affairs: (2008), vol. 34, no. 2, p. 29-48 : tab.

ASC Subject Headings:

The authors examine what separates developed countries from underdeveloped countries, arguing that institutional efficiency or constraints determine whether a country will progress or retrogress over a period of time. Using the deteriorating quality of Nigeria's education system and the collapse of the once vibrant jute industry in Bangladesh as case studies, the authors posit that technology, capital and other similar factors are necessary but not sufficient to propel a country's economic growth. Countries that have failed to design appropriate and efficient institutional mechanisms that guarantee property rights by constraining government excesses and political expropriation as well as curbing unproductive rent seeking, tend to lag far behind in tapping from the benefits of globalization. Ref., sum. [ASC Leiden abstract]

150 Emi, Rod Adoh

African Research and Documentation: (2009), no. 111, p. 45-63.

A major constraint to the study of visual arts as a school subject in Nigeria today is the dearth of art literature such as learned journals and textbooks. Several factors have contributed to this problem. These are examined and their impact on the study of visual arts in Nigeria in contemporary times is assessed. Mention is made of the efforts that some individuals, groups of persons and organizations have made and are still making to address the problem. However, much could still be done to meet the demands for books on visual arts in order to enhance the study of the subject now and in the future. Bibliogr., sum. [Journal abstract]

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151 Emielu, Austin 'Maro

'Maro Emielu - In: Legon Journal of the Humanities: (2008), vol. 19, p. 135-149.

ASC Subject Headings

The world is increasingly becoming a global village, due mainly to the technological advancements of the 21st century and increased international interactions and collaborations. Consequently, compartmentalization of cultures is fast giving way to the emergence of a 'global mass culture' with increasing cultural exchanges and adaptations. Musically, this has translated into increasing collaboration between African and Western musicians as seen in the French-Nigerian band Assata. This band was put together by the French Cultural Centre in Lagos and toured major Nigerian cities in 2003 as an experiment aimed at breaking the cultural barriers between African and Western musical practices. This paper identifies the implications of this development for African music and musicians, with a view to repositioning African music and musicians for the global challenges of the 21st century. Bibliogr., sum. [Journal abstract]

152 Eze, Osita C.

/ guest ed.: Osita C. Eze, Osita Agbu. - Lagos : Nigerian Institute of International Affairs, 2008. - 156 p. : fig., tab. ; 22 cm. - (Nigerian journal of international affairs, ISSN 0331-3646 ; vol. 34, no. 1) - Met bibliogr., bijl., noten, samenvattingen.

ASC Subject Headings:

This special issue is the outcome of a roundtable organized by the Nigerian Institute of International Affairs on Nigeria-India relations in the 21st century held in December 2007. Articles: Indians in Nigeria: socio-cultural contributions and impact (Shambhavi V. Murthy Gopalkrishna); Background to Nigeria-India relations (Sani Musa); Nigeria-India relations under South-South cooperation (Osita Agbu); Nigeria-India military relations: issues and challenges (A.A.M. Isa); India's developmental patterns: what lessons for Nigeria? (Israel Igwe); Nigeria-India economic relationship since 1960 (Sule Magaji and Adamu Awwal Muh'd); Bilateral trade talk between Nigeria and India: a recipe (Shehu Usman Rano Aliyu); Issues and challenges of India's investments in critical sectors of the Nigerian economy (Nkiru-Nwegwu Danjuma); Nigeria-India relations: prospects and challenges for technology cooperation and acquisition (D.A. Okongwu). The appendix contains the text of the Abuja Declaration on Strategic Partnership between India and Nigeria and a bibliography on Nigeria-India relations by Pamela Ogwuazor Momah. [ASC Leiden abstract]

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153 Folabi, Seteolu B.

Nigerian Journal of International Affairs: (2007), vol. 33, no. 2, p. 85-100.

ASC Subject Headings

This paper intervenes in the debate on the implications of globalization for the nation-State. The Nigerian State receded as a result of economic reforms based on market logic and neoliberalism. It receded against the backdrop of increasing human underdevelopment, social despair and alienation. The paper argues that the nature and extent of Nigeria's economic crisis require a superintendent role for the State to mitigate underdevelopment, structural imbalance and economic distortion. This superintendent role should evolve in the context of a democratic State where major political and economic decisions are based on dialogue, debate, compromise and consensus. The private domain would not be emasculated in the developmental State, but supervised in the context of the interventionist role of the State. Ref., sum. [ASC Leiden abstract]

154 Genova, Ann

The International Journal of African Historical Studies: (2010), vol. 43, no. 1, p. 115-136 : ill., tab.

ASC Subject Headings

On 30 July 1979, the managing director of the Nigerian National Petroleum Company (NNPC) on behalf of Nigeria's military leader, General Olusegun Obasanjo, dispatched a telegram to BP (Nigeria) Ltd. stating that Nigeria intended to "increase its participation to 100 percent" in Shell-BP and BP (Nigeria). He went on to say that the decision stemmed from the UK's proposed change in policy favouring the resumption of oil supplies to apartheid South Africa. However, there is little agreement in subsequent journalists' and scholars' reports over why Nigeria 'nationalized' BP. Some mention South Africa, others Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe), only a few identify oil as the central feature. Offering a revision of the popular narrative and providing a detailed chronology of events, the present paper argues that the nationalization of BP was part of a project of economic nationalism - an ideology to rally a population around a State-sponsored economic vision - in Nigeria. Notes, ref. [ASC Leiden abstract]

155 Ibeanu, Okechukwu

In: Nigerian Journal of International Affairs: (2007), vol. 33, no. 1, p. 9-43 : fig., tab.

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In exploring the rhythms of Nigeria-South Africa relations, three important aspects stand out. The first is the link between the global system, national interest and the dominant socioeconomic groups in Nigeria and South Africa. The second is the impact of the interests of the ruling groups in the two States on their diplomacy. Third are the contexts in which the two States engage in competition and cooperation in their contemporary relations. This study posits that the character of Nigeria-South Africa relations at any conjuncture - competition or cooperation - depends on the pragmatic pursuit of the objective interests of the ruling groups of the two countries in line with dominant interests in the global system. This is usually based on specific issues at stake, rather than any idealistic commitment to brotherly relations, African unity and development or world peace, as is often portrayed in the literature and policy circles. Ref., sum. [ASC Leiden abstract]

156 Mohamoud, Awil

The Hague : African Diaspora Policy Centre, cop. 2010. - 231 p. : fig., tab. ; 23 cm - Met bibliogr., noten.

ISBN 9789081551717

ASC Subject Headin

The nexus between migration and development in Africa has emerged as a distinct policy field in the last few years. It has also manifested itself as a new and growing development cooperation sector which is largely driven by the diaspora. This is the result of the growing economic and human-resource potential of African diaspora communities. However, current cooperation between homeland governments and the African diaspora is mainly based on individual and group interactions which are largely informal. There is a need to improve the current relationships so that they can be developed into effective, formal and sustainable institutional links which can increase the contribution of the diaspora to the development of their countries of origin in a systemic manner. This study presents an alternative research agenda which aims to advance the knowledge about the development potential of the African diaspora in Western countries. The study focuses on Ghana and Nigeria, the homelands of the disapora groups examined, and Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States, the locations of huge Ghanaian and Nigerian diaspora populations. Contributors: Osman Alhassan, Aderanti Adepoju, Joshua Kwesi Aikins, Alache Malia Ode, Puck Graafland and Olukunle Ojeleye, P. Chudi Uwazurike, and Awil Mohamoud. [ASC Leiden abstract]

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157 Obumselu, Ben

Obumselu - In: Research in African Literatures: (2010), vol. 41, no. 2, p. 1-18.

ASC Subject Headings

The interpretation of Christopher Okigbo's poetry remains deeply controversial more than forty years after his death in 1967. The poet himself, who moved his home from the Enugu campus of the University of Nigeria in eastern Nigeria to the western Nigerian capital of Ibadan in 1962, did not help matters by telling interviewers that he did not ever set out to communicate meanings, but to make music. This paper investigates Okigbo's conception of the music of poetry and opens a new approach to the poet's work. It argues, through a close reading of two difficult poems of the 1962-1966 period, that Okigbo's poetics did not prevent him from engaging deeply with the realities of his experience. Bibliogr., sum. [Journal abstract]

158 Oche, Ogaba

Nigerian Journal of International Affairs: (2008), vol. 34, no. 2, p. 85-103.

ASC Subject Headings

In the recent past, Nigeria has experienced clashes between security services. Although such clashes are not common occurrences, they constitute serious grounds for concern given the fact that they affect institutions whose responsibilities involve the maintenance of law and order. The causes of such clashes include issues of morality and propriety, justice, rights, basic human needs, identity and the distribution of values. The effects include the erosion of professionalism, the undermining of law and order, as well as weakened security at the individual, group and national levels. The recommendations proffered cover the formulation of policy to eradicate the problem, the enhancement of professionalism among personnel of security agencies, and enhanced legislative oversight of the security sector. Ref., sum. [Journal abstract]

159 Odu, B.K.

Odu, G.F. Olusasegun - In: Pula: (2007), vol. 21, no. 2, p. 294-304 : tab.

ASC Subject Headings

This study investigates condom use and knowledge of HIV/AIDS among commercial sex workers in Ekiti State, Nigeria. A sample of 200 female sex workers selected from five local government areas were asked to fill out a questionnaire, and the data were analysed using

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descriptive statistical techniques. The findings indicate that the rate of condom use among sex workers is generally low, despite their knowledge of HIV/AIDS and the risks involved in practising unsafe sex. The study shows that the socioeconomic status of commercial sex workers affects their use of condoms. Sex workers with a higher socioeconomic status are more likely to use condoms, because they tend to have alternative sources of income, while sex workers with a lower socioeconomic status cannot afford to loose customers who refuse the use of condoms. Furthermore, the use of condoms in rural areas is less than that in urban areas as a result of lack of information about condom use and safe sex in the rural areas. Finally, it was found that age of sex workers affects their use of condoms, as young sex workers ignore the use of condoms, while older workers seem to be more careful. The study recommends the strengthening of information dissemination and the education of sex workers, as well as government measures to improve the socioeconomic status of commercial sex workers. Bibliogr., sum. [ASC Leiden abstract]

160 Ojo, Olatunji

Nordic Journal of African Studies: (2010), vol. 19, no. 1, p. 58-76.

ASC Subject Headings

The practice of ransoming, which upon payment of a fee or prisoner exchange, restored captives to freedom and prevented their enslavement, was a universal institution in 19th- century Yorubaland, Nigeria. Similar, but different from slave redemption, ransoming prevented the transition of captives into slaves. Captors supported ransoming because it fetched them higher value than the sale of the same captive into slavery. Market forces, as well as the ethnicity, gender, religion, class, and skill of captives, among other considerations, were all central to successful ransoming operations. Bibliogr., notes, ref., sum. [Journal abstract]

161 Okogu, Bright

Nigerian Journal of International Affairs: (2007), vol. 33, no. 1, p. 45-63 : graf., tab.

ASC Subject Headings

This article surveys Nigeria's natural resource endowments and details the current framework that governs their exploitation. It notes that recent recognition of past mismanagement of the sector resulted in the current intensive focus on the sector as part of the ongoing economic reforms, as evident from the establishment of the Nigeria Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (N-EITI) and the far-reaching auditing of the activities of

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the sector. The article argues that some of the community issues surrounding the oil and gas sector are traceable, at least in part, to the mismanagement of the revenue from the sector, which has impoverished the entire population, including the oil-bearing regions. Good economic policy, including diversification of the economy from oil, will create prosperity, retard the propensity for conflict and enhance national security. Current economic reforms represent a move in that direction, and these need to be institutionalized. Finally, a multi-pronged approach towards resolving the Niger Delta issue based on political, economic and law enforcement strategies is proposed. Ref., sum. [Journal abstract]

162 Okoye, Chukwuma

In: Research in African Literatures: (2010), vol. 41, no. 2, p. 19-31.

ASC Subject Headings

Most of the critical strategies deployed in the investigation of the postcolonial condition of African cultures, such as hybridity and creolization, celebrate the emergence of a somewhat syncretist new culture. Notably, these strategies fail to sufficiently typify situations where one culture violently extracts cultural "pieces" from another for its own nourishment rather than the production of a new ethos. Describing this encounter as "cannibalization", this paper argues that African communities have always scrutinized their contact with foreign cultures, accepting, rejecting, and appropriating practices and artifacts according to their needs, while still maintaining an underlying loyalty to their indigenous processes. This "tradition" is exemplified in Igbo masquerade performance, which adopts an expropriatory strategy by which it subjects Euro-American cultural forms to a process of