Trayectorias en la educación Superior

10,186 full-time employees are directly employed in hotels and restaurants accounting for 7.1% of the total full-time gainfully occupied population. The share of part-time employment

is higher at 18.3% out of the total part-time employment, amounting to 8,610 workers. Nonetheless, employment in tourism is not just limited to jobs in hotels and catering. Earnings generated from tourism are re-spent in a variety of goods and services. This implies that more labor services are required generating more employment termed as induced employment. At its total impact, tourism supports 29% of the total employment in Malta amounting to

more than 40,000 jobs (source: The Economic Impact of Tourism in Malta, 2001).

In 1987, The Institute of Tourism Studies was established with the main responsibility of providing the Tourism Sector with professional personnel who can guarantee an excellent standard of products and services within the Hospitality Industry.

The Institute offers programmes of study at Certificate and Diploma level for careers in Hospitality and Tourism Management, Hotel Operations, Accommodation Operations, Travel Agency Operations and Tour Guiding.

Programmes of study are also offered at Craft and Technical levels in Food Preparation and Production and Food and Beverage Service, and the Extended Skill Training Scheme (ESTS) in hospitality trade.

Apart from this, various tourism establishments provide training to employees during employment. Following the Employment and Training Survey (2001),

∞ 78% of accommodation establishments ∞ 69% of catering establishments

∞ 76% of travel agencies/destination management companies provide training during employment to employees.

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The Maltese Education System

In Malta, all children between the ages of five and sixteen are entitled to free education in all state schools regardless of age, sex, belief and economic means. The national minimum curriculum and the national minimum regulations for all schools are established by the state according to the rights given by the Education Act (1988).



Malta

Pre-Primary Education 3-5 years

Compulsory Education ∞ Primary Education ∞ Secondary Education 5-16 years ∞ 5-11 years ∞ 11-16 years

Upper Secondary Education Training Providers: ∞ The Junior College

∞ Vocational Upper Secondary Education Ø Malta College of Arts, Science and

Technology (MCAST)

Ø Institute of Tourism Studies (ITS) Ø Institute of Health Care (IHC)

Tertiary Education Training Providers: ∞ University of Malta

∞ Institute of Health Care (IHC) ∞ Malta Centre for Restoration (MCR)

Adult Education Training Providers:

∞ Department for Further Studies and Adult Education

∞ Employment and Training Corporation (ETC)

Pre-Primary Education (3-5 years)

Attendance at the pre-primary level is voluntary; about 95% of the children in the age bracket between three and five years attend. Pre-primary education is co-educational and is provided free in state schools.

At this level no formal teaching takes place. The National Minimum Curriculum states that the main educational objectives should include activities aimed towards the development of the children’s social attitudes, language and communication skills in preparation for primary education. These activities should include communication by word or gesture, singing, play, painting and figure forming, exercises and rhythmic movements.

Most pre-primary centres, which are also called kindergarten centres, form part of primary schools.

Teachers who teach at kindergarten are called Kindergarten Assistants. Prior to employment, kindergarten assistants have to be qualified in pre-primary education. Currently there are full-time courses leading to the certificate in Early Childhood Education at MCAST and at the Employment and Training Corporation (ETC).

Compulsory Education (5-16 years)

Education is compulsory for all children between the ages of five and sixteen. Compulsory education is sub-divided into a six-year primary cycle (five to ten years) and five years of secondary education (eleven to sixteen years). The government is committed to a policy of inclusive education throughout the whole educational cycle. This ensures that children with special needs are integrated into the mainstream.

Primary Education

Primary education builds on early childhood education and facilitates the development of skills, attitudes and knowledge in preparation for the secondary level. Primary education can be provided by state schools, church or independent private schools.

The primary cycle where classes are called Years can be broadly sub-divided in two cycles. The first cycle covers Years One, Two and Three. During these three years education emphasises

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the development of social skills, literacy and numeracy skills, gradually progressing to more formal academic skills. During the second cycle that covers Years Four, Five and Six there is more emphasis on the academic content. Progressively as children move towards the end of primary education the amount of academic content increases in preparation for the Junior Lyceum Examination.

Secondary Education

At secondary level there are three different kinds of state schools. Namely the Junior Lyceums, Area Secondary Schools and schools for very low achievers. There are also church and independent secondary schools.

Admission into the state Junior Lyceums (schools offering a more intensive academic course) and into some of the church schools is controlled by a qualifying entrance examination. Pupils are examined in Maltese, English, Mathematics, Social Studies, and Religious Knowledge (children may be exempted from sitting for Religious Knowledge if parents object on ground of conscience). Those who fail the examination are admitted to the Area Secondary Schools. The schools for low achievers receive pupils whose levels of attainment after six years of

primary education were considered still very low.

Upper Secondary Education

Upper secondary education (also known as Sixth Form) can be followed at the pre-university Junior College that is administered by the University of Malta and other upper secondary institutions administered by the church or independent organisations.

The Junior College

The major institution providing upper secondary education is the Junior College. It offers a two-year course specifically designed for future University students who are prepared for the MATSEC Certificate in accordance with the University’s General Entry Requirements. Students may choose from a wide range of subjects and must take two subjects at Advanced Level, three at Intermediate Level, as well as Systems of Knowledge. Subjects chosen should also include any Special Course Requirements needed for their prospective University course. While providing formal instruction, the College encourages students to develop their own initiative through guided self-teaching in preparation for their future University career. All Maltese full time upper secondary students are entitled to a monthly grant. State and Church Institutions are state funded. However, independent upper secondary institutions charge tuition fees.

Vocational Upper Secondary Education