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Ten en cuenta que...
Cuando la amenaza del reclutamiento ponga en peligro a niños, niñas y
adolescentes que pertenecen a grupos étnicos, es decir, comunidades indígenas, afrocolombianas o gitanas, entre otras, el Estado debe acordar con las autoridades de estas comunidades las medidas para protegerlos.
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Para garantizar tu derecho a la participación, el Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar (ICBF) ha desarrollado
estrategias como la Escuela de Derechos Humanos, Los Jóvenes
tienen la Palabra y los Clubes Juveniles y Pre- Juveniles. ¡Descúbrelos!
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en las instituciones educativas para que allí
también se proteja a la niñez y se garanticen sus derechos.
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discapacidad, sea física, mental o sensorial, tienes derechos especiales. Por
ejemplo, el derecho a recibir un
tratamiento de rehabilitación y a ser tratado en condiciones de igualdad.
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Según el Código de la
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niños, niñas y adolescentes desvinculados de los grupos armados ilegales no pueden ser entrevistados por ningún miembro del Ejército, la
Policía u otra institución de la fuerza pública ni ser utilizados en actividades de inteligencia militar.
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La Policía Nacional tiene la responsabilidad de evaluar la
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armados ilegales, con el fin de identificar las principales
condiciones de riesgo y la vulnerabilidad de esta población
frente al reclutamiento y la utilización. Igualmente, tiene
la tarea de implementar el programa ‘Abre tus Ojos’ para que esas condiciones desaparezcan.
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Y qué puedo hacer yo para prevenir el reclutamiento?
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