Estudio comparado de jets rígidos y rotatorios en limpieza de tubería mediante Coiled Tubing

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(4) ,9 . $*5$'(&,0,(1726 A Dios y a Nuestra Madre Santísima por sostenerme siempre en mis momentos de debilidad y mostrarme el camino, que por más difícil que este fuera ellos siempre estarán conmigo. A mis padres amados Washington y Lucia, mis ángeles que me tomaron como arcilla entre sus manos moldeándome de la manera correcta, siempre apegados a inculcarme principios de humildad, amor y tolerancia, los cuales se han visto reflejados en todo lo que soy, siendo mis padres el pilar fundamental de mi vida. A mis familiares y amigos, aquellos seres maravillosos con los que compartí muchas vivencias en el trayecto de mi vida, aprendiendo grandes lecciones de vida, las cuales me enseñaran a mejorar con los días, en especial a la familia Constante Vaca por brindarme todo su apoyo incondicional, y por ser aquellos amigos que para mí se volvieron familia. A Ricardo por su contribución y entrega para la realización del presente trabajo, gracias por ser un gran amigo y el hermano que nunca tuve. A la Escuela Politécnica Nacional, campo de batalla que sirvió para la conquista de mis sueños, A los Ingenieros de la Facultad de Ingeniería en Geología y Petróleos, los cuales fueron la herramienta de Dios para transmitirme conocimientos y me brindaron una amistad que durará para toda la vida. A mi querido Director del Presente Trabajo el Ing. Franklin Gómez, que posee una gran calidez humana, supo guiar bien nuestro camino, nos brindó una sonrisa, y una mano amiga. A la Agencia de Regulación y Control Hidrocarburífero, a Baker Hughes, a Petroamazonas y a los ingenieros que hicieron posible mi sueño: María Loroña, Oscar Ponce, Pablo Armas, Patricio Eras; entidades y valiosas personas que nos colaboraron poniendo a disposición el valor incalculable de sus conocimientos, compartiendo nuestras dudas y ansiedades, haciendo que siempre surja una nueva esperanza. Infinitamente Agradecida, Jessi.

(5) 9 . $*5$'(&,0,(1726 A Nuestro Señor Jesucristo por haberme cuidado y guardado durante toda mi carrera universitaria por darme la sabiduría necesaria para poder realizar el presente trabajo, por haberme colocado en con personas idóneas, porque sin ellas fuera imposible haber sacado adelante este trabajo. A mis queridos padres, Blanca Masapanta y José Morales, por nunca perder su fe en mí, por haberme provisto todo lo necesario durante toda mi vida, y por haberme enseñado a no desfallecer en tiempos de angustia.. A mis queridos hermanos: Jessenia, Kevin y Bryan y a mis sobrinos: Mateo y Tamara, por haberme siempre recibido con gran cariño al regresar a mi hogar. Que pese a la distancia siempre están en mi mente y oración. A Jessica, mi gran compañera y amiga, por haberme dado la confianza en el desarrollo de este trabajo, porque a pesar de todo ha demostrado ser una gran persona en momentos donde no lo merecía. A mi Alma Mater, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, por haberme nutrido de conocimiento esencial en mi vida académica y profesional, a los mis profesores de la Facultad de Ingeniería en Petróleos que fueron los medios por donde ese conocimiento fue impartido. Al Ing. Franklin Gómez por habernos ayudado con la elaboración y dirección de nuestro trabajo, ya que sus conocimientos y experiencia han sido de gran ayuda en la realización del presente trabajo. A la Agencia de Regulación y Control Hidrocarburífera, a Petroamazonas, a Baker Hughes y de manera muy especial a los ingenieros: María Loroña, Oscar Ponce, Pablo Armas y Patricio Eras, por habernos colaborado con toda la información y logística indispensables en el desarrollo del presente trabajo.. . Ricardo.

(6) 9, . '(',&$725,$ A Nuestros Padres Celestiales, por guiar nuestros pasos, darnos vida y esperanza en su infinito amor.. A mis Padres Washington y Lucia, por su comprensión, amor, esfuerzo y sacrificio que se ven reflejados en la persona que soy, siendo ellos mi alma y yo vida de su vida.. A toda mi familia y amigos, que siempre creyeron en mí, supieron brindarme una palabra de aliento, y me han acompañado en el transcurso de mi vida.. A aquel constante amor que siempre estuvo allí y pese a las adversidades, las circunstancias me enseñaron a ser muy fuerte.. Con amor, Jessi.

(7) 9,, . '(',&$725,$ A Nuestro Señor Jesucristo porque “Todo lo que hacéis, sea de palabra o de hecho, hacedlo todo en el nombre del Señor Jesucristo” (Colosenses 3:17). A mis queridos padres Blanca Masapanta y José Morales, ya que fueron mi inspiración y ejemplo a lo largo de toda mi vida.. A mis queridos tíos Marco, Marcelo, Lina, Magdalena y Cecilia Masapanta, por haberme brindado su apoyo durante mi carrera estudiantil, a ellos les estoy muy agradecido.. A mi querida Iglesia Manada Pequeña y de manera especial a mi pastor Joffre Peña, por haberme guardado en sus oraciones.. A mis compañeros y amigos por hacer que mi estadía lejos de mi familia sea más confortable.. Ricardo. .

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(34) &iOFXORGHODFRQFHQWUDFLyQGHOVXOIDWROLEUHHQPRO/ሺሾܱܵସ ିି ሿሻ. ሾܱܵସ . ିି. ሿൌ. మ ೄೀర షష ೄೀ షష ೄೀ షష ቁቃାටቂଵା௄ೞ೟ ቀ஼௔௧ௌ௨௠ି ర ቁቃ ାସ௄ೞ೟ ర వలబలబ వలబలబ వలబలబ. ିቂଵା௄ೞ೟ ቀ஼௔௧ௌ௨௠ି. ଶ௄ೞ೟. . &iOFXORGHODVFRQFHQWUDFLRQHVGHOLRQFDOFLROLEUHHQPRO/ሺሾ‫ܽܥ‬ାା ሿሻ. ሾ‫ܽܥ‬ . ାା ሿ. ൌ. ಴ೌశశ రబబఴబ. ଵା௄ೞ೟ ሾௌைర షష ሿ. . . . . . . . . &iOFXORGHOËQGLFHGHVDWXUDFLyQ ‫ܫ‬௦ D 'HOFDUERQDWRGHFDOFLR. ‫ܫ‬௦ ൌ ൝. ൬. మ ಴ೌశశ ಹ಴ೀయ ష ൰ቀ ቁ లభబబబ రబబఴబ. ௉௬೒ ௙೒. ൡ ൅ͷǡͺͷ ൅ ͳͷǡͳͻ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ܶ െ ͳǡ͸Ͷ ‫ ܶ ଺ିͲͳ כ‬ଶ െ ͷǡʹ͹ ‫כ‬. ͳͲିହ ܲ െ ͵ǡ͵͵Ͷξߤ ൅ ͳǡͶ͵ͳߤ. . . . . . . . E 'HO\HVR. ‫ܫ‬௦ ൌ ሼሾ‫ܽܥ‬ାା ሿሾܱܵସ ିି ሿଶ ሽ ൅͵ǡͶ͹ ൅ ͳǡͺ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ܶ െ ʹǡͷ ‫ ܶ ଺ିͲͳ כ‬ଶ െ ͷǡͻ ‫כ‬ ͳͲିହ ܲ െ ͳǡͳ͵ξߤ ൅ Ͳǡ͵͹ߤ െ ʹ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ξߤ ܶ. . . . . . F 'HODKHPLKLGULWD. ‫ܫ‬௦ ൌ ሼሾ‫ܽܥ‬ାା ሿሾܱܵସ ିି ሿଶ ሽ ൅ͶǡͲͶ ൅ ͳǡͻ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ܶ െ ͳͳǡͻ ‫ ܶ ଺ିͲͳ כ‬ଶ െ ͸ǡͻ ‫כ‬ ͳͲିହ ܲ െ ͳǡ͸͸ξߤ ൅ ͲǡͶͻߤ െ Ͳǡ͸͸ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ξߤ ܶ . . . . . G 'HODDQKLGULWD. ‫ܫ‬௦ ൌ ሼሾ‫ܽܥ‬ାା ሿሾܱܵସ ିି ሿଶ ሽ ൅ʹǡͷʹ ൅ ͻǡͻͺ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ܶ െ Ͳǡͻ͹ ‫ ܶ ଺ିͲͳ כ‬ଶ െ ͵ǡͲ͹ ‫כ‬. ͳͲିହ ܲ െ ͳǡͲͻξߤ ൅ Ͳǡͷߤ െ ͵ǡ͵ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ξߤ ܶ. . . . . . &iOFXORGHOS+. ‫ ܪ݌‬ൌ ݈‫ ݃݋‬൝. ቀ. ಹ಴ೀయ ష ቁ లభబబబ. ௉௬೒ ௙೒. Ͳǡͻͻξߤ ൅ Ͳǡ͸ͷͺߤ. . మ. ൡ ൅ ͺǡ͸ ൅ ͷǡ͵ͳ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ܶ െ ʹǡʹͷ͵ ‫ ܶ ଺ିͲͳ כ‬ଶ െ ʹǡʹ͵͹ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ହ ܲ െ . . . . . . .

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(36) x 6RGLRPJ/ x %LFDUERQDWRPJ/ x 6XOIDWRPJ/ x &ORUXURPJ/ x &2HQJDV x 7HPSHUDWXUDGH&DEH]D) x 3UHVLyQGH&DEH]DSVL x %DUULOHVGHSHWUyOHRSRUGtD%33' x %DUULOHVGHDJXDSRUGtD%$3' x 0LOORQHVGHSLHVF~ELFRVHVWiQGDUSRUGtD00VFI &iOFXORGHOFRHILFLHQWHGHIXJDFLGDG ݂௚ GHO&2HQHVWDGRJDVHRVR ݂௚ ൌ ݁ ቂ௉ቀଶǡ଼ସ‫כ‬ଵ଴. ଴ǡଶହହ ቁቃ ଵଶ଴ାସ଺଴ . షర ି. ݂௚ ൌ ݁ ቂଽ଴‫כ‬ቀଶǡ଼ସ‫כ‬ଵ଴. ଴ǡଶହହ ቁቃ ்ାସ଺଴ . షర ି. ݂௚ ൌ Ͳǡͻͺ͸. . &iOFXOR GH OD IUDFFLyQ PRODU GH &2 HQ HVWDGR JDVHRVR ‫ݕ‬௚ D ODV FRQGLFLRQHVGHSUHVLyQ\WHPSHUDWXUD ‫ݕ‬௧ ‫ݕ‬௚ ൌ ݂ܲ௚ ሺͷ‫ ܦܲܣܤ‬൅ ͳͲ‫ܦܲܲܤ‬ሻ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ହ ͳ൅ ‫݂ܿݏܯܯ‬ ‫ݕ‬௚ ൌ. ͲǡͲ͹ ͻͲ ‫Ͳ כ‬ǡͻͺ͸ ‫ כ‬ሺͷ ‫ ͵Ͳ͵ כ‬൅ ͳͲ ‫͵ כ‬͹ሻ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ହ ͳ൅ ͲǡͲͷ. . ‫ݕ‬௚ ൌ ͲǡͲ͸͸. &iOFXORGHODIXHU]DLyQLFD ߤ ߤ ൌ ሺʹǡʹܰܽାା ൅ ͷ‫ܽܥ‬ାା ൅ ͺǡʹ‫݃ܯ‬ାା ൅ ͳǡͷ‫ܽܤ‬ାା ൅ ʹǡ͵ܵ‫ ݎ‬ାା ൅ ͳǡͶ‫ ି ݈ܥ‬൅ ʹǡͳܱܵସ ିି ൅ Ͳǡͺ‫ܱܥܪ‬ଷ ି ሻ. ߤ ൌ ሺʹǡʹ ‫ כ‬ͷͻͶͻǡͻͳ ൅ ͷ ‫ כ‬͸ͲͲ ൅ ͺǡʹ ‫ͳͳ͵ כ‬ǡ͹Ͳ ൅ ͳǡͷ ‫ Ͳ כ‬൅ ʹǡ͵ ‫ Ͳ כ‬൅ ͳǡͶ ‫ ͲͲͳͲͳ כ‬൅ ʹǡͳ . ‫ ͲͲͳ כ‬൅ Ͳǡͺ ‫ͳ כ‬͸͸ͺǡͻ͸ሻ. ߤ ൌ Ͳǡ͵Ͷ͵݉‫݈݋‬Ȁ‫ܮ‬.

(37) &iOFXORGH&RQVWDQWHGHHVWDELOLGDG ‫ܭ‬௦௧ ‫ܭ‬௦௧ ൌ ͳǡͺ͸ ൅ Ͷǡͷ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ܶ െ ͳǡʹ ‫ ܶ ଺ିͲͳ כ‬ଶ ൅ ͳͲǡ͹ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ହ ܲ െ ʹǡ͵ͺඥߤ ൅ Ͳǡͷͺߤ െ ͳǡ͵ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ඥߤܶ. ‫ܭ‬௦௧ ൌ ͳǡͺ͸ ൅ Ͷǡͷ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ‫ Ͳʹͳ כ‬െ ͳǡʹ ‫Ͳʹͳ כ ଺ିͲͳ כ‬ଶ ൅ ͳͲǡ͹ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ହ ‫Ͳͻ כ‬ െ ʹǡ͵ͺඥͲǡ͵Ͷ͵ ൅ Ͳǡͷͺ ‫Ͳ כ‬ǡ͵Ͷ͵ െ ͳǡ͵ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ඥͲǡ͵Ͷ͵ ‫Ͳʹͳ כ‬ ‫ܭ‬௦௧ ൌ െͲǡͲͻͷ ‫ܭ‬௦௧ ൌ ͳͲ୪୭୥ ௄ೞ೟ . ‫ܭ‬௦௧ ൌ ͳͲି଴ǡ଴ଽହ ‫ܭ‬௦௧ ൌ ͲǡͺͲʹ. . 6XPDGHODVFRQFHQWUDFLRQHVGHORVFDWLRQHVPHGLGRV ‫ ݉ݑܵݐܽܥ‬ ‫ܽܥ‬ାା ‫݃ܯ‬ାା ܵ‫ ݎ‬ାା ‫ܽܤ‬ାା ‫ ݉ݑܵݐܽܥ‬ൌ ൅ ൅ ൅ ͶͲͲͺͲ ʹͶ͵Ͳͷ ͺ͹͸ʹͲ ͳ͵͹͵͵Ͳ ͸ͲͲ ͵ͳͳǡ͹Ͳ Ͳ Ͳ ‫ ݉ݑܵݐܽܥ‬ൌ ൅ ൅ ൅ ͶͲͲͺͲ ʹͶ͵Ͳͷ ͺ͹͸ʹͲ ͳ͵͹͵͵Ͳ ‫ ݉ݑܵݐܽܥ‬ൌ Ͳǡʹʹͻ݉‫݈݋‬Ȁ‫ܮ‬. . &iOFXORGHODFRQFHQWUDFLyQGHOVXOIDWROLEUHሺሾܱܵସ ିି ሿሻ ሾܱܵସ ିି ሿ ൌ. െ ቂͳ ൅ ‫ܭ‬௦௧ ቀ‫ ݉ݑܵݐܽܥ‬െ. ሾܱܵସ ିି ሿ ൌ . െ ቂͳ ൅ ͲǡͺͲʹ ‫ כ‬ቀͲǡʹʹͻ െ. ܱܵ ିି ܱܵସ ିି ܱܵ ିି ଶ ൅ ටቂͳ ൅ ‫ܭ‬௦௧ ቀ‫ ݉ݑܵݐܽܥ‬െ ସ ቁቃ ൅ Ͷ‫ܭ‬௦௧ ସ ቁቃ ͻ͸Ͳ͸Ͳ ͻ͸Ͳ͸Ͳ ͻ͸Ͳ͸Ͳ ʹ‫ܭ‬௦௧ ͳͲͲ ͳͲͲ ଶ ͳͲͲ ൅ ටቂͳ ൅ ͲǡͺͲʹ ‫ כ‬ቀͲǡʹʹͻ െ ൅ Ͷ ‫Ͳ כ‬ǡͺͲʹ ‫כ‬ ቁቃ ͻ͸Ͳ͸Ͳ ͻ͸Ͳ͸Ͳቁቃ ͻ͸Ͳ͸Ͳ ʹ ‫Ͳ כ‬ǡͺͲʹ ሾܱܵସ ିି ሿ ൌ ͲǡͲͲͲ͸ͳͷ݉‫݈݋‬Ȁ‫ܮ‬. &iOFXORGHODVFRQFHQWUDFLRQHVGHOLRQFDOFLROLEUHሺሾ‫ܽܥ‬ାା ሿሻ ‫ܽܥ‬ାା ͶͲͲͺͲ ሾ‫ܽܥ‬ାା ሿ ൌ ͳ ൅ ‫ܭ‬௦௧ ሾܱܵସ ିି ሿ ሾ‫ܽܥ‬. ାା ሿ. ͸ͲͲ ͶͲͲͺͲ ൌ ͳ ൅ ͲǡͺͲʹ ‫Ͳ כ‬ǡͲͲͲ͸ͳͷ. ሾ‫ܽܥ‬ାା ሿ ൌ Ͳǡͳͺ͹݉‫݈݋‬Ȁ‫ܮ‬.

(38) &iOFXORGHOËQGLFHGHVDWXUDFLyQ ‫ܫ‬௦ D 'HOFDUERQDWRGHFDOFLR ‫ܫ‬௦ ൌ ൞. ‫ܽܥ‬ାା ‫ܱܥܪ‬ଷ ି ଶ ൬ͶͲͲͺͲ൰ ቀ ͸ͳͲͲͲ ቁ ܲ‫ݕ‬௚ ݂௚. ൢ ൅ͷǡͺͷ ൅ ͳͷǡͳͻ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ܶ െ ͳǡ͸Ͷ ‫ ܶ ଺ିͲͳ כ‬ଶ െ ͷǡʹ͹. ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ହ ܲ െ ͵ǡ͵͵Ͷඥߤ ൅ ͳǡͶ͵ͳߤ. ͸ͲͲ ͳ͸͸ͺǡͻ͸ ଶ ቀͶͲͲͺͲቁ ቀ ͸ͳͲͲͲ ቁ ‫ܫ‬௦ ൌ ൞ ൢ ൅ͷǡͺͷ ൅ ͳͷǡͳͻ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ‫ Ͳʹͳ כ‬െ ͳǡ͸Ͷ ‫Ͳʹͳ כ ଺ିͲͳ כ‬ଶ ͻͲ ‫Ͳ כ‬ǡͲ͸͸ ‫Ͳ כ‬ǡͻͺ͸ െ ͷǡʹ͹ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ହ ‫ Ͳͻ כ‬െ ͵ǡ͵͵ͶඥͲǡ͵Ͷ͵ ൅ ͳǡͶ͵ͳ ‫Ͳ כ‬ǡ͵Ͷ͵. E 'HO\HVR. ‫ܫ‬௦ ൌ ͲǡͲ͵ͻ. ‫ܫ‬௦ ൌ ሼሾ‫ܽܥ‬ାା ሿሾܱܵସ ିି ሿଶ ሽ ൅͵ǡͶ͹ ൅ ͳǡͺ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ܶ െ ʹǡͷ ‫ ܶ ଺ିͲͳ כ‬ଶ െ ͷǡͻ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ହ ܲ െ ͳǡͳ͵ඥߤ ൅ Ͳǡ͵͹ߤ െ ʹ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ඥߤ ܶ. ‫ܫ‬௦ ൌ ሼͲǡͳͺ͹ ‫Ͳ כ‬ǡͲͲͲ͸ͳͷଶ ሽ ൅͵ǡͶ͹ ൅ ͳǡͺ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ‫ Ͳʹͳ כ‬െ ʹǡͷ ‫Ͳʹͳ כ ଺ିͲͳ כ‬ଶ െ ͷǡͻ. ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ହ ‫ Ͳͻ כ‬െ ͳǡͳ͵ඥͲǡ͵Ͷ͵ ൅ Ͳǡ͵͹ ‫Ͳ כ‬ǡ͵Ͷ͵ െ ʹ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ඥͲǡ͵Ͷ͵ ‫Ͳʹͳ כ‬. F 'HODKHPLKLGULWD. ‫ܫ‬௦ ൌ െͳǡͶ͵͹. ‫ܫ‬௦ ൌ ሼሾ‫ܽܥ‬ାା ሿሾܱܵସ ିି ሿଶ ሽ ൅ͶǡͲͶ ൅ ͳǡͻ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ܶ െ ͳͳǡͻ ‫ ܶ ଺ିͲͳ כ‬ଶ െ ͸ǡͻ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ହ ܲ െ ͳǡ͸͸ඥߤ ൅ ͲǡͶͻߤ െ Ͳǡ͸͸ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ඥߤ ܶ. ‫ܫ‬௦ ൌ ሼͲǡͳͺ͹ ‫Ͳ כ‬ǡͲͲͲ͸ͳͷଶ ሽ ൅ͶǡͲͶ ൅ ͳǡͻ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ‫ Ͳʹͳ כ‬െ ͳͳǡͻ ‫Ͳʹͳ כ ଺ିͲͳ כ‬ଶ െ ͸ǡͻ. ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ହ ‫ Ͳͻ כ‬െ ͳǡ͸͸ඥͲǡ͵Ͷ͵ ൅ ͲǡͶͻ ‫Ͳ כ‬ǡ͵Ͷ͵ െ Ͳǡ͸͸ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ඥͲǡ͵Ͷ͵ ‫Ͳʹͳ כ‬. G 'HODDQKLGULWD. ‫ܫ‬௦ ൌ െͳǡͶͶͲ. ‫ܫ‬௦ ൌ ሼሾ‫ ܽܥ‬ାା ሿሾܱܵସ ିି ሿଶ ሽ ൅ʹǡͷʹ ൅ ͻǡͻͺ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ܶ െ Ͳǡͻ͹ ‫ ܶ ଺ିͲͳ כ‬ଶ െ ͵ǡͲ͹ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ହ ܲ െ ͳǡͲͻඥߤ ൅ Ͳǡͷߤ െ ͵ǡ͵ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ඥߤ ܶ. ‫ܫ‬௦ ൌ ሼሾͲǡͳͺ͹ሿ ‫Ͳ כ‬ǡͲͲͲ͸ͳͷଶ ሽ ൅ʹǡͷʹ ൅ ͻǡͻͺ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ‫ Ͳʹͳ כ‬െ Ͳǡͻ͹ ‫Ͳʹͳ כ ଺ିͲͳ כ‬ଶ െ ͵ǡͲ͹ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ହ ‫ Ͳͻ כ‬െ ͳǡͲͻඥͲǡ͵Ͷ͵ ൅ Ͳǡͷ ‫Ͳ כ‬ǡ͵Ͷ͵ െ ͵ǡ͵ ‫ିͲͳ כ‬ଷ ඥͲǡ͵Ͷ͵ ‫Ͳʹͳ כ‬. . ‫ܫ‬௦ ൌ െͳǡͶ͵ͻ.

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