Quelle crise? Un regard dans le contexte catalan

(1)

Forum Recherche - Partenariat "Risques Phytosanitaires Emergents" , Montpellier 10-11 mars 2008 BemisiaRisk / ANR-ADD & ClimBioRisk / PSDR3-LR

Quelle crise?

Un regard dans le contexte catalan

Rosa Gabarra et Judit Arnó

(2)

Quelle crise? Un regard dans le contexte catalan

1. Un peu d’histoire

2. Evolution dans le point d’origine (Baix Maresme, 25 Km Nord Barcelone)

a) plantes avec Bemisia b) plantes avec TYLCV 3. Situation 2007

4. Tomate, Bemisia, TYLCV et contrôle de la épidémie

5. Cultures maraichères: le control biologique comme outil pour contrôler nouvelles invasions

6. Objectifs de recherche du group (IRTA Entomologie Horticulture)

(3)

Bemisia

2003

₂₀₀₃

Spring

crops

Santa

Susanna

Calella

Arenys

de Mar

Arenys

de

Munt

Llavaneres

Matar

ó

Argentona

Cabrera

Vilassar

de Mar

Premi

à

de Mar

1.8%

(0

-

8%)

3

1

TYLCV

m

á

x. 0.2%

Ò

(4)

Bemisia

2003

₂₀₀₃

Autumn

crops

Pals

Bescan

ó

Riudellots

Blanes

Palafolls

Malgrat

Santa

Susanna

Pineda

Calella

Arenys

de Mar

Llavaneres

Matar

ó

Argentona

Cabrera

Vilassar

de Mar

Premi

à

de Mar

Igualada

La

R

à

pita

Riudoms

6

5

5 .2%

.2%

(20

-

100%)

(5)

TYLCV in

autumn

crops

2003

TYLCV

20

20 sites

sites

Max

. 0.40%

1 GH 80%

(6)

Species composition

whiteflies nymphs

Species composition

whiteflies nymphs

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Jul -03 S ep-03 Nov -03 Ja n-04 Mar -04 May -04 Jul -04 S ep-04 Nov -04

No. whitefly

nymphs

/ leaflet

B. tabaci

T. vaporariorum

(7)

Bemisia Abundance 2004

Chemical vs. IPM management

0

20

40

60

80

100 Spring GH

Outdoor

Autumn GH

% plants

with

Bemisia

C

h

em

ic

al

C

h

em

ic

al

IPM

Arnó et al. unpublished Surveyed crops = 103

(8)

Tomate de primavera 2003

IPM

-

_-

no IPM

_{no IPM}

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

IPM

Nº pupas / folio lo Trialeurodes Trialeurodes Bemisia Bemisia

NO IPM

1.33 Mc/planta

(9)

Data provided by ADV Baix Maresme

Bemisia and TYLCV: Baix Maresme 2003-2007

TYLCV 0 20 40 60 80 100 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 % crops pl ants wi th TYLCV Spring GH Open Field Autumn GH B. tabaci 0 20 40 60 80 100 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 % cr ops plants w

ith B. tabaci _{Spring GH}

Open Field Autumn GH

Crops with at least one plant with one B. tabaci adult

Crops with at least one plant with TYLCV

(10)

B. tabaci 2007 0 20 40 60 80 100

Alt Maresme Baix Maresme Baix Llobregat

% c rop s pl an ts w ith B . t aba ci TYLCV 0 20 40 60 80 100

Alt Maresme Baix Maresme Baix llobregat

% c ro p s p la n ts w ith v iru s Spring GH Open Field Autumn GH Barcelon a

2007

Data provided by ADVs Baix Maresme, Alt Maresme, Baix Llobregat

(11)

Research

IRTA

Growers

Advisors

ADV

-

DAR

IPM based on Conservative Biological

Control on horticultural crops

(12)

Macrolophus caliginosus?

Macrolophus melanotoma?

Macrolophus pygmaeus?

(13)

RESULTADOS

Interacción en planta de tomate: DESCENDENCIA

3 Mc + 3 Nt 6 3 * * * B A B B A B 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4

Con presa Sin presa

Descendencia (ninfas/hembra y día)

M. caliginosus * * * A A A B A B

Con presa Sin presa

Descendencia (ninfas/hembra y día)

N. tenuis

(14)

Obj 1. Estructuras reproductoras ♀♀

0 0,02 0,04 0,06 0,08 0,1 0,12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 a a b bc bc bc c c c d 1h 6h 12h 1d 2d 3d 4d 5d 6d 7d 0 0,02 0,04 0,06 0,08 0,1 0,12 1 2 3 4 a b c d 1h 6h 12h 24h Mc Nt

depósito seminal oviducto lateral

(15)

ENDURE: Case Study Tomato

Why is this case study relevant in an European context

80% of the vegetables consumed in Europe is tomato Europe produces 15 % of the world tomato

Whitefly tansmited viruses

(16)

Bemisia

Trialeurodes Trialeurodes Bemisia

BemisiaTrialeurodesTrialeurodes

Canary Islands Reunion Island

Israel Morocco Bemisia Bemisia Trialeurodes Trialeurodes Bemisia

BemisiaTrialeurodesTrialeurodes Bemisia

Bemisia

Trialeurodes Trialeurodes Bemisia

BemisiaTrialeurodesTrialeurodes

Israel Morocco

ENDURE

European Network for Durable Exploitation of crop protection strategies Project number: 031499

Network of Excellence Sixth Framework Programme

Thematic Priority 5 FOOD and Quality and Safety

Deliverable D Title: TOMATO CASE STUDY Due date of deliverable: 30 June, 2007

Actual submission date: 28 June, 2007

Start date of the project: January 1st_{, 2007} _Duration_{: 18 months} Organisation name of lead contractor: UdL

Revision:

Project co-funded by the European Commission within the Sixth Framework Programme (2002-2006)

Dissemination Level

PU Public PU

PP Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services)

RE Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services)

CO Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission Services)

Israel Morocco Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á _Á_Á ÁÁ Algeria Tunisia Lebanon Á Á Á Á Á Á Á ÁÁÁ Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á

Á TYLCV & TYLCSV

Israel Morocco Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á _Á_Á ÁÁ Algeria Tunisia Egypt Lebanon Á Á Á Á Á Á Á ÁÁÁ Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á

Á TYLCV & TYLCSV

Á

Case

(17)