DUNE Physics program & Status

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Carmen Palomares,

for the DUNE Collaboration

August 2021

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Overview

• DUNE: Long-Baseline Neutrino Oscillation Experiment

• DUNE Detectors

• DUNE Oscillation Sensitivity

• Status & Future Plans

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DUNE: Long-Baseline Experiment

Muon neutrino beam

LBNF Neutrino Beam 1.2 MW beam power

à Upgradeable to 2.4 MW

Near Detector

Monitoring

unoscillated neutrino energy spectra &

composition

Far Detector

Measurement of

Oscillated neutrino beam

Neutrino Travel through the Earth 1300 km

Fermilab

1300 km

SURF

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Muon neutrino beam

Near Detector

Monitoring

composition

Far Detector

Measurement of

Neutrino Travel through the Earth 1300 km

1300 km

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Muon neutrino beam

Far Detector

Measurement of

Neutrino Travel through the Earth 1300 km

Near Detector

Monitoring

composition

DUNE baseline enables the observation of multiple oscillations nodes

M. Bass et al. arXiv:1311.0212

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P(ν_eà 𝜈_𝜇) depends on θ₂₃, θ₁₃, Δm²₃₂, δ_CP and matter effects.

All these parameters can be measured in DUNE resolving degeneracies by studying the oscillation shape since several oscillation nodes are accessible.

The neutrino & antineutrino modes are critical to measure δ_CPand mass ordering

Neutrino mode

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DUNE

More than 1300 collaborators from 33 countries Measurement of ν_e appearance and 𝜈𝜇 disappearance with a

wide range energy 𝜈𝜇 beam at 1300 km would allow:

- Definitive measurement of neutrino Mass ordering

- Discovery potential for CP violation for wide range of δ_CP - Precise measurement of neutrino mixing parameters Supernova burst neutrinos and other low energy physics

- Measurement of spectra and time evolution of SNB neutrino - Barion number violating processes, etc.

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DUNE Near Detector

- Located 574 m from beam target - Constrains systematics uncertainties

for oscillation measurements

• ND-LAr: 35 optically separated LArTPC modules, pixelated charge readout plane.

Primary target, Most similar to FD

• ND-GAr: High pressure GAr TPC surrounded by an ECAL and 0.5T magnet.

Measure the momentum and sign of charged particles exiting ND-LAr. Lower energy threshold.

- ND-LAr and ND-Gar move off-axis up to 33m, modifying the energy spectrum

• SAND: Tracker surrounded by an ECAL and 0.6T magnet.

On-axis, Beam monitoring

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DUNE Far Detector

SURF Sanford Underground Research Facility

Four modules of 10-kt fiducial LAr TPC with integrated photon

detection at 4850L of SURF (4300 mwe).

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DUNE Far Detector

150 individual anode planes assemblies (APA) (2.3m x 6 m) 384,000 readout wires

Cathode APA: Anode

with PD integrated

12 meters

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DUNE: three-flavor LBL neutrino oscillation

• Sensitivity Over Time

Nominal Deployment plan:

- Start of beam run: 2 FD modules Total fiducial mass 20kt

1.2 MW beam

- After 1 year: +1 FD modules Total fiducial mass 30kt

- After 3 years: +1 FD modules Total fiducial mass 40kt

- After 6 years: upgrade to 2.4 MW beam

In 2 years, mass ordering will be determined with 5𝜎 regardless δ_CP

Eur.Phys.J.C 80 (2020) 10, 978

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DUNE: three-flavor LBL neutrino oscillation

• Mass Ordering Sensitivity

Definitive determination of mass ordering for all possible δ

_CP

values

The width of the bands cover

68% of random throws (statistical and systematics variations)

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DUNE: three-flavor LBL neutrino oscillation

• CP Violation Sensitivity

Significant CP violation discovery potential in 7-10 years

The width of the bands cover

68% of random throws (statistical and systematics variations)

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DUNE: three-flavor LBL neutrino oscillation

• Other mixing parameters

Significant improvement in precision measurement of atmospheric parameters.

θ

₁₃

degeneracy will be resolved

with long exposures & external

constraint on θ

₁₃

value

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DUNE Status

Single-Phase (NP04) 300 t fiducial mass Dual-Phase (NP02)

420 t fiducial mass

ProtoDUNE program at CERN

Single and Dual Phase prototypes took data in 2018-2020

First results on the ProtoDUNE-SP performance: ^JINST15 (2020) 12, P12004

Its successful performance meets or exceeds DUNE specifications.

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DUNE Status

ProtoDUNE program at CERN

- The final design of the 1

^st

FD module (SP 3.5 m drift) will be validated in ProtoDUNE run 2 (2022-2023) (NP04) - Baseline design for 2

^nd

module

(SP 6m drift) will be tested in 2023-2024

Single-Phase (NP04) 300 t fiducial mass Dual-Phase (NP02)

420 t fiducial mass

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DUNE: Schedule & Plans

• Far site construction is underway

• Near site preparation is also in progress

• 1

^st

FD Module installation will start in 2024

• Neutrino beam available in late 20s

• Far detector physics data expected in the same timescale

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Conclusions

•

DUNE analysis of sensitivity confirms the precise measurement of all long-baseline oscillation parameters: θ

₁₃,

θ

₂₃,

Δ

m²₂₃,

δ

_CP in

a single experiment.

•

DUNE will significantly contribute to other fields like SNB and proton decay searches.

•

ProtoDUNE program at CERN has succeeded in validating the LArTPC Technology at kton scale and will test the final designs of FD modules at 1:1 scale

•

The 1

^st

FD Module installation will start in 2024