Due to the aging of the population, the incidence of cancer is likely to increase in the coming years. One of the circumstances that must be taken into account is the condition of the endometrium and the muscles of the uterus.
URINARY INCONTINENCE: KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND PREVALENCE AMONG OLDER ARGENTINE
FEMALES
1 Geriatrician researcher. Biology of Aging Research Unit
However, to the best of our knowledge, no data exist on UI knowledge and prevalence specifically for older Argentine women. A large number of women mistakenly thought that UI was a normal part of the aging process. The relationship between believing UI is a normal part of the aging process and completed years of education was.
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine what Argentine women 65 years and older know about UI and to determine the prevalence of UI in this population. The information gathered from this study clarifies the misconceptions that older Argentine women have about UI. The majority of women in this study believed that UI is a normal part of the aging process (63.9%), a finding consistent with other studies on the same topic.
Interestingly, in the current study, 78.6% of the most highly educated (age 15+) women believed that fatigue was a normal part of aging.
RESISTENCIA A LOS ANTIBIÓTICOS EN CEPAS DE KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE,
SERRATIA SPP. Y ACINETOBACTER SPP
AISLADAS DE PACIENTES CON
INFECCIÓN DEL TRACTO URINARIO - LIMA, PERU
Daniel Angel Luján Roca 1 Jimmy Omar Ibarra Trujillo 2 Edgardo Mamani Huamán 3
1 Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Minas Gerais, Brasil
2 Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Alas Peruanas;
3 Dirección de Salud, Ministerio de Salud
Lima, Perú
Introducción: La infección del tracto urinario (ITU) es una de las infecciones más comunes en la práctica clínica. Existe un problema actual con respecto al tratamiento de las ITU, ya que muchas cepas han desarrollado resistencia a diversos antibióticos. Lamentablemente, no hubo información sobre la producción de betalactamasas (AmpC, BLEE y carbapenemasas), que desempeñan un papel importante en el fenómeno de la resistencia a los antibióticos31-32.
Finalmente, los microorganismos examinados mostraron un importante nivel de resistencia a los antibióticos utilizados, especialmente Acinetobacter spp. Correspondería a las autoridades sanitarias tomar acciones en esta área y permitir soluciones para evitar que este problema se agrave en ese hospital. Aumento de la resistencia a agentes de primera línea entre patógenos bacterianos aislados de infecciones del tracto urinario en América Latina. Miembro del Inst Oswaldo Cruz entre los patógenos bacterianos aislados de infecciones del tracto urinario en América Latina.
Study of bacteria isolated from urinary tract infection and determination of their sensitivity to antibiotics.
HYPONATREMIA SECONDARY TO A SODIUM DEFICIT IN PATIENTS ON CONTINUOUS OUT-PATIENT
PERITONEAL DIALYSIS
1 Servicios de Nefrología y Medio Interno. Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires. Argentina
In the case of hyponatremia secondary to a decrease in body potassium, it may be caused by the addition of sodium (cation) to the intracellular compartment, to compensate for the missing potassium (cation), to maintain. As a result, the concentration of sodium in the intravascular compartment will decrease and so will natremia 1-2. Something similar would happen in conditions of malnutrition, where even in the case of normal potassium, the intracellular deficiency of potassium would cause hyponatremia due to this mechanism3.
Hyponatremia in the patient undergoing peritoneal dialytic treatment may be caused due to an imbalance in the sodium-water relationship in favor of the latter in relation to the amount of water and salt ingested by the patient, as well as the amount of water and salt consumed excreted by the patient, as well as the amount of water and salt excreted through the urinary tract and urinary tract. peritoneal secretion (if retained). Hyponatremia has been described in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis in the context of malnutrition, in children fed with hyposodic formulas, hyperglucemia (dilucional hyponatremia) and with the use of icodextrin. In the latter case, osmotic retention of active metabolic derivatives in the intravascular system would induce the passage of water from the intracellular system, and thus hyponatremia4-7.
In this report, we describe a clinical case where the presence of hyponatremia is explained by a negative sodium balance due to a low dietary intake of this cation (hypozoic diet) and a relatively high and sustained excretion of it (dialyzed sodium) in the context of hydraulic balance (water ingested - water excreted by urine and dialysis) neutral.
HIPONATREMIA SECUNDARIA A DEFICIT DE SODIO EN PACIENTE EN DIÁLISIS PERITONEAL CONTINUA
AMBULATORIA
La hiponatremia puede ser causada por un aumento del agua corporal, así como por una disminución de los niveles de sodio y/o potasio. Sabemos que la hiponatremia, secundaria a un desequilibrio hídrico o de sodio, se genera debido al cambio en la relación sodio/agua que precisamente representa el sodio. En el caso de la hiponatremia por disminución del potasio corporal, esta surgiría por la entrada de sodio (catión) al compartimento intracelular.
La hiponatremia hipotónica suele ser consecuencia de un exceso relativo de agua corporal y/o deficiencia de sodio en el organismo, y se ha descrito en situaciones clínicas muy específicas, como la nefritis intersticial con pérdida de sal, el síndrome del derrame de sal y la nefritis intersticial con pérdida de sal. . síndrome de desbordamiento 8-10. En este informe, describimos un caso clínico donde la aparición de hiponatremia se explica por un balance negativo de sodio debido a una baja ingesta de sodio en la dieta (dieta baja en sodio) y una excreción relativamente alta y permanente de sodio (sodio dializado) en el contexto de un balance hídrico prácticamente neutro (agua consumida - excretada en orina y diálisis). De hecho, la hiponatremia que no mejoró con la restricción de agua mejoró con una mayor ingesta de sodio.
En el presente informe hemos documentado un caso de hiponatremia secundaria a deficiencia de sodio en un paciente en diálisis peritoneal continua ambulatoria.
PATOGÉNESIS DEL DENGUE HEMORRÁGICO (DH) SÍNDROME DE CHOQUE DEL DENGUE (SCD)
Ricardo Pérez Fuentes 2,3
1 Ciencias de la Salud Pública
2 Facultad de Medicina de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla
3 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
Puebla. México
- Fiebre por dengue (FD), Dengue Hemorrágico (DH)
- fisiopatología
- Características del virus del dengue
- Receptores del virus del dengue en células de mamífero
- Hipótesis sobre la patogénesis de DH/SCD
- Transmisión vectorial
- Estado físico del virus en individuos virémicos
- Sistema inmune innato
- Anticuerpos naturales IgM
- Las plaquetas
- Sistema del complemento
- Aumento de infección dependiente de anticuerpo. ADE
- Activación de células T
- Cascada/tormenta de citoquina
- Base genética de DH/SSD
- CONCLUSIÓN
La síntesis de proteínas virales y ARN viral ocurre principalmente en el citoplasma de las células huésped. El dengue se transmite por la picadura de mosquitos portadores del virus infeccioso (DENV). Por lo tanto, los niveles de IgM, especialmente la IgM natural específica del virus del dengue en un individuo, pueden tener un impacto en el desarrollo de la infección y la progresión de DH/SCD.
Esto respalda el papel de las plaquetas en la modulación de la respuesta inmune y la inflamación37. El estudio realizado por Avirutnan et al39 ha aportado datos sobre el doble papel del sistema del complemento en la protección y patogénesis de la infección por DENV. Los estudios in vitro han demostrado que ADE (mejora de la infección dependiente de anticuerpos) reduce las proteínas del complemento en la infección por DENV, lo que sugiere que el complemento puede desempeñar un papel en la limitación de la enfermedad mediada por ADE4.
Además, los anticuerpos que presentan reacción cruzada con el plasminógeno (debido a una similitud con la glicoproteína de la envoltura del DENV y una familia de factores de coagulación) podrían desempeñar un papel en la etiología del sangrado en DH/SCD23. Existe evidencia sólida de la activación de las células T in vivo durante la infección por DENV y dicha activación de las células T CD4+ y CD8+ es mayor en pacientes con DH que en pacientes con FD45. La acción inmunorreguladora del receptor de vitamina D implica la activación de los monocitos, los.
Rev Electron Biomed / Electron J Biomed 2013;1:50-55
Letter
On age dependence of peripheral augmentation index
Jose Luis Hernandez Caceres PhD
Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences,
The possibility to continuously assess changes in blood pressure dictates the need to find proper ways of obtaining clinically relevant information from such signals. In the simplest linear case scenario pressure
Correlations were measured between the pattern vector and each individual vector of length L, starting at point I of the original signal. Those vectors whose signal has a correlation higher than a certain threshold value "Th" and corresponds to a local correlation maximum were picked up as individual waves and entered as rows of the matrix M of the waveforms. The main advantage of the method is that it provides a representative wave without having to rely on subjective opinions of experts.
After evaluating the first and second derivative of the average wave, we determined the turning points. Peripheral AIx was obtained as the ratio between the amplitude at the inflection point to the right of the peak and the maximum amplitude2. The systolic part of the PPG wave was represented as a composite of the incident and reflected waves.
The relative amplitude of the reflected wave (a) changes from zero to 1; the value of t1 in our simulations was fixed at 40 (corresponding to 400 ms).
A sample vector of length L (typically about 90 data points) was selected by visual inspection for wavelet averaging. The resulting correlation vector (corresponding to approximately 100 seconds of recording) was then submitted to further analysis. For t2, the values ranged between 46 and 65 (approximately corresponding to velocities between 4 and 17 m/s for a sampling frequency of 100 Hz and a distance of 1 m between the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta and the index finger).
Statistical analysis. Linear and nonlinear regression was indicated in some scatter plots, whereas other data are presented as means and standard deviations
Therefore, we decided to investigate whether pAIx changes with age in a sample of clinically healthy young and elderly patients, recorded with a continuous pulse pressure technique. After confirming that pAIx does not necessarily increase with age, the next step was to investigate whether a model wave consisting of an incident and a superimposed reflected wave will behave as intuitively expected.
After confirming that pAIx does not necessarily increases as age increases, the next step was to explore if a model wave composed of an incident and a superposed reflected wave will behave as intuitively expected
Amplitude of the incident wave was set =1
Even if these numerical experiments cannot be taken at "face value", they can provide a good explanation for the observed decrease in AIx with age. The data sample used is characterized by a very homogeneous ethnic and cultural origin (mostly citizens of Orensei, a city characterized by a very homogeneous ethnic and cultural origin (mostly citizens of Orensei, a city in the heart of Galicia with low In any case, a brief review of the literature can indicate that the claim of a positive correlation between AIx and age does not enjoy much support.
Some authors therefore claim that the correlation is strongest for ages below 50 years, and disappears for older ages 8-9. On the other hand, some authors found a negligible role of AIx as a surrogate for arterial stiffness under adrenergic estimation11. In another report4, age was found to be significantly correlated with augmentation index only in healthy subjects, but not in those with atherosclerotic disease.
In another report 4 it was found that age significantly correlated with augmentation index only in healthy subjects but not in those with atherosclerotic disease. Additionally those authors found that augmentation
It is not excluded that the inverse relation reported between AIx and height is an indirect consequence of an increase in AIx after an increase in time shift for the reflected wave, as documented from our
Such diversity of results can put in doubt the validity of this index as a marker of cardiovascular function
Results of our simulations can at least partially explain this diversity of results. As shown in figure 3 depending on the range of pulse waves to be regarded, the relationship between AI and arterial stiffness
The European Society of Cardiology-European Society of Hypertension guidelines of the year 2007 attribute to consequences of arterial stiffness and wave reflection a major role on cardiovascular
Shahzad M, Guilcher A, Kamalesh T, Clapp B, Redwood S, Marber M, Chowienczyk P
Nürnberger J; Keflioglu-Scheiber A, Opazo Saez AM, Wenzel RR, Philipp T, Schäfers RF
Chirinos JA, Kips JG, Roman MJ, Medina-Lezama J, Li Y, Woodiwiss AJ, Norton GR, Yasmin, Van Bortel L, Wang JG, Cockcroft JR, Devereux RB, Wilkinson IB, Segers P, McEniery CM.
Ethnic Differences in Arterial Wave Reflections and Normative Equations for Augmentation Index
CORRESPONDENCE
Jose Luis Hernandez Caceres
Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences
Banjul
The Gambia
Letters to the Editor / Cartas al Editor
RENAL FUNCTIONAL EQUATIONS: THEIR EVOLUTION AND ROLE IN CKD PATIENTS
2 Unidad de Biología del Envejecimiento. Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires - Argentina
At the end of the table, it can be seen that two 80-year-old men with the same serum creatinine have significantly different glomerular filtration rates depending on the method used. Comparison of cross-sectional measures of renal function in African Americans with hypertensive nephrosclerosis and primary formulas for estimating glomerular filtration rate. The CDK-EPI equation may be the most appropriate creatinine-based formula for determining glomerular filtration rate in Chinese patients with CKD.
Associations of estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria with mortality and renal failure by sex: a meta-analysis. Relationship between glomerular filtration rate and prevalence of metabolic abnormalities: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). Cross-sectional prevalence survey of estimated reduced glomerular filtration rate, albuminuria and cardiovascular risk in a native Spanish population.
Estimation of glomerular filtration rate in patients with severe heart failure: comparison between creatinine-based formulas.
