T EOREMA DE A RROW

Cape. A projection of land into the sea.

Cape Horn Fever. Feigned illness of an incompetent seaman in cold and stormy weather. Capella. Star α Aurigae. S.H.A. 282°; Dec. N 46C; Mag. 0-2. Diameter is 12 times that of Sun; candlepower is 150 times greater; distant 47 light years; temp- 5500°A. Is a double star, the one seen being Capella A. Name is Latin for 'Little Goat'.

Cape Stiff. Seaman's nickname for 'Cape Horn'. Capful of Wind. Passing wind of no great strength.

Caph. Star β Cassiopeiae. S.H.A. 359°; Dec. N 59°; Mag. 2.

Cappanus. Sea worm that attacks ship's wooden bottoms and attaches itself to them.

Capricornus. (Lat. - Goat) Constellation situated between R.A.s 20 h 15m and 21 h 45 m

and Dec. 12°—27° S. Has no star brighter than Mag. 3. Tenth sign of Zodiac extending from 270° to 300° celestial longitude. Sun is in this sign from Dec. 22 to Jan. 21 (about).

Capshore. Small spar supporting overhanging part of mast cap; heel being secured in a shoe

on foremost crosstree.

Capsize. To overturn or upset. Said to be derived from words meaning 'to move a barrel by

turning it on head and bilge alternatively'.

Capsize (a Coil). To turn over a coil of rope so that working end is on deck.

Capstan. Vertical barrel, working on a vertical spindle that is used for heaving on ropes and

chain cable. May be operated by hand or by steam, electric or hydraulic engine. Top of barrel has square sockets in which capstan bars may be shipped when working by hand. Lower edge of barrel carries pawls which work in a pawl rack on deck, and prevent capstan walking back.

Capstan Bar. Stout wooden bar, often with an iron shoe, fitting into sockets of capstan

when working capstan by hand. Outer end may be notched to take a 'Capstan swifter'.

Capstan Bar Pin. Strong pin passing through head of capstan and end of a shipped capstan

bar. Prevents capstan bar becoming unshipped.

Capstan Swifter. Rope having a cut splice in middle and a thimble in one end. Cut splice is

passed over top of notch of capstan bar, swifter is back hitched over end of the other bars and swifter is then set up to its opposite part. This results in bars being firmly secured with an upward cant.

Captain. Rank in R.N. between Commander and Commodore. In Merchant Navy is a

courtesy title for a master mariner in command of a ship. R.N. has a custom of calling certain petty officers, who are in charge of certain parts of the ship, 'captain' of that part of ship. There are 'captains of the hold', 'the forecastle', etc.

Captain of Top. Petty officer who is responsible to Commander for upkeep of a certain part

Capture 69 Carmilhan

Capture. Forcible taking of a vessel as prize, or reprisal, in time of war.

Caput Draconis. 'Head of the dragon’ Name sometimes given to star a Draconis. Carack/Carrack. Large 15th _{-century ship with high bow and stern castles.}

Caravel. Spanish and Portuguese sailing vessel of Moorish origin. Was broad beamed with

fore and after castles. Usually square rigged forward, lateen rigged on after masts. Both Columbus and Magellan used them. Name was given also to a small herring fishery boat of France.

Carbon Fibre. An immensely strong costly material of high tensile strength.

Cardinal Points. Of compass: North, South, East, West. Named after cardinal points of

horizon. 2. Of horizon: points in which horizon is cut by meridian and prime vertical. 3. Of Ecliptic: points in which Ecliptic is cut by secondary circles passing through the equinoctial and solstitial points. These are: First Points of Aries, Cancer, Libra and Capricorn.

Careen. To list a vessel so that a large part of her bottom is above water. Formerly done

to remove weed and marine growth, to examine the bottom, to repair it and to put on preservative or anti-fouling. Still done with small craft.

Cargazon.* Old name for 'Bill of Lading'.

Cargo. Goods or merchandise loaded into a ship for carriage.

Cargo Book. Book kept by master of a coasting vessel. Gives full particulars of all cargo

carried, name of consignee and name of consignor—if known.

Cargo Battens. Wood battens, portable or fixed, in hold of a cargo vessel to keep cargo

away from ship's side and to allow necessary through ventilation.

Cargo Net. Large square net, of wire or rope, used when making up a hoist of small

packages for loading or discharging.

Cargo Plan. Diagrammatic outline of a vessel, either vertically or horizontally, in which

holds and cargo spaces are exaggerated, and machinery and accommodation spaces are diminished. Used for readily indicating positions of different cargoes, parcels and

consignments.

Cargo Port. Watertight door in ship's side. Used for passing cargo inboard and outboard

in certain types of ship.

Caribbean Sea. Area between Central American continent and Yucatan Strait, the Greater

Antilles and a line, on eastward of Lesser Antilles, that ends at Baja Point, Venezuela.

Carlins (-ings). Fore and aft members that support the ends of beams that have been cut to

form a hatchway or other opening. 2. Wooden sections, about 5 in. by 5 in., lying fore and aft below beams and carrying ledges on which decks of wooden ships are laid.

Carney 70 Cassiopeia

Carney. Seaman's term for hypocrisy. Said to be the name of a notorious master who was

bland ashore but a fiend afloat.

Carpenter. Commissioned officer in R.N., petty officer in Merchant Navy, who is

responsible for minor repairs and all woodwork in a ship.

Carpenter's Stopper. Portable fitting for holding a wire under stress. Consists of a clamp—

secured to any fixture by chains - and a shaped wedge that fits rope. Any surging of rope causes wedge to move further into clamp, and so increase nip.

Carriage of Goods by Sea Act, 1924. Relates to carriage of goods from ports in Great

Britain and Northern Ireland. Applies only while goods are in carrying vessel. Deck cargoes are outside the Act.

Carrick Bend. Method of joining ends of two ropes by turning the end of one rope over its

own part and then passing the end of the other rope through the bight thus formed, over the cross in the first rope and then back through the loop on that side that is opposite to the one on which the first end is lying.

Carrick Bitts. Strong timbers in which a windlass is mounted.

Carrier. Owner or charterer who enters into a contract of carriage with a shipper. 2. Ship

carrying cargo. 3. An aircraft carrier.

Carronade. Gun throwing a medium weight shot 600 yards with fairly high velocity. First

made at Carron in 1779. Compared with cannon, shorter range but heavier shot.

Carry Away. To break, part or fracture.

Carry On. To continue sailing under the same canvas despite the worsening of the wind. Cartel Ship. Unarmed ship used for exchanging prisoners of war during hostilities. Also

applied to an armed ship carrying emissaries for negotiating terms under a flag of truce.

Cartographer. Person employed in compiling or drawing charts. Cartography. The drawing or compiling of charts.

Carvel. Short form of 'caravel'.

Carvel Built. System of building wooden craft in which the side planking goes fore and aft,

with the longitudinal edges butting and flush.

Carvel Joint. Flush or butting joint.

Carving Note. Form filled in by owner of a ship under construction. States particulars of

tonnage, construction, name, port of registry, etc. When signed by surveyor, becomes authority for relevant particulars to be 'carved' in main beam of vessel.

Case. Name given to inner planking of a diagonally-built boat, to differentiate it from the

outer planking, or 'skin'.

Casing. Short form of 'Funnel casing'.

Cask. Barrel for containing either solids or liquids.

Cassini's Projection. Used in British ordnance survey maps. Graticule is built in relation to

a point in a central meridian.

Cassiopeia. Constellation on opposite side of North Pole to Ursa Major. In Greek