L A INCONSISTENCIA

Cetacea. Members of whale family, including dolphins and porpoises. They have warm

blood and suckle their young. Some have vestiges of legs.

Cetology. The study of cetacea.

Cetus. (Lat.=Whale.) Largest constellation in sky. Situated S of Aries. Has 97

discernible stars, two being of 2nd _{mag., eight of 3 rd mag. and nine of 4}th _mag.

Chain. Name often given to chain cable. Chafe. To wear away through friction.

Chaffer. Said of a jib sail when it shivers in the wind.

Chafing Board. Piece of wood used to protect against chafing.

Chafing Cheeks. Wooden blocks without sheaves sometimes used in running rigging of

lightly rigged, small sailing craft.

Chafing Gear. Paunch matting, sennit, strands, battens, etc., put on mast yard, standing

rigging, etc., to protect against damage from chafe.

Chafing Mat. Any mat used as chafing gear, but particularly to paunch and thrum mats put

on yards to protect them from chafe by backstays.

Chain Boat. Boat used, in harbour, for recovering chain cable and anchors when slipped or

parted.

Chain Bolt. Iron bolt used when fastening chain plates and ends of deadeye chains to side

of a wooden vessel.

Chain Cable. Anchor cable when made of wrought iron.

Chain Ferry. A ferry which proceeds by hauling itself along a chain laid across a river or

channel.

Chain Gantline. Any gantline made of chain, particularly that rove through block at top of

funnel.

Chain Hook. Iron hook, with T handle, used when working cable. 2. Strong, two-pronged

hook used for temporarily holding cable, inboard end being secured to deck, 'Devil's Claw'.

Chain Knot. Succession of loops in rope, each loop being passed through previous loop. Chain Lifter.* Former name for sprocket ring of capstan.

Chain Locker. Cable locker.

Chain Pipe. Strengthened hole in cable deck, and through which cable passes to locker. Chain Plait. 'Drummer's Plait.'

Chain Plates. Plates on ship's side to take lower ends of links o bars passing upwards to

the chains. These plates take stress off shrouds, while chains give spread to the shrouds.

Chains. Projecting ledge on outside of vessel, abaft a mast, to which lower rigging is set

up and given increased spread. Name is also given to a platform for taking soundings with hand lead: this was formerly done from the main chains.

Chain Shot. Two cannon-balls joined by a length of chain and fired simultaneously.

Chain Slings 77 Chapclling

Chain Slings. In general, any slings made of chain. Applied to the slings of a yard when

made of chain instead of rope.

Chain Splice. Method of splicing rope to link of chain. One strand is unlaid and two

strands passed through link; one of these two strands is laid up in space of strand taken out, and is half knotted to that strand. Other strand is tucked as usual.

Chain Stopper. Length of chain, about a fathom, used for holding a wire under stress

while the wire is manipulated.

Chain Top.* Additional sling (of chain) put on lower yards of warships before going into

action.

Chain Towing. Method used, by ferry craft, to pass between the two terminals by hauling

on a chain lying on the bottom and secured at each end.

Chain Well.* Former name for a chain locker.

Chamber of Shipping of U.K. Body formed to promote and protect the interests of British

shipowners. Received Royal Charter, 1922.

Change of Moon. Instant when centres of Sun and Moon are on same celestial meridian,

and a new lunation commences.

Change of Trim. Alteration in the difference between the forward and after draughts of a

floating ship.

Change the Mizzen. To brace the crossjack yard so that the mizzen course is on a tack

different from the remaining sails.

Change Tide. Tide occurring at change of Moon, and, therefore, nearly a spring tide.

Channel. Narrow arm of sea between two land areas. 2. Deepest part of a body of water, and

through which main current flows. 3. Longitudinal hollow or cavity. 4. Flat projection from side of a ship to give spread to rigging (usually called 'chains'). 5. Standard rolled steel section in form of three sides of a rectangle.

Channel Bar. Rolled steel section having three sides of a rectangle.

Channel Bolt. Long bolt that passes through chains, or channels and side planking of a

wooden ship; so clamping the chains to the side.

Channel Money. Advance payment of money due to a seaman 48 hours before being paid

off. Is £2, or one-quarter of wages due, whichever is the lesser.

Channel Pilot. Pilot engaged in conducting ships in English Channel, or other specified

channel. 2. A book of sailing directions for navigation of the English Channel.

Channel Plates. 'Chain Plates.'

Channel Wale. That strake of side planking, of wooden ship, that carries a chain plate. Chanty. Nautical song of merchant seamen. Used to co-ordinate effort when hauling on a

rope, or heaving at capstan or windlass.

Chapelling. Putting a close-hauled vessel's head through the wind without bracing head

yards. May be deliberate, or through negligence of helmsman. Word is sometimes applied to wearing in same circumstances, but this is a later application of the word.