Deseos
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Cosas que a las personas les gustan y desean.
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Necesidades
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Cosas necesarias para vivir.
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Escasez
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Cuando no hay sufi ciente para todos los que lo quieren.
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Elección
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Tomar una decisión.
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Bienes
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Cosas que pueden satisfacer los deseos de las personas.
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Servicios
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Actividades que pueden satisfacer los deseos de las
personas.
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Recursos
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Cosas utilizadas para fabricar bienes y servicios.
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Trueque
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Comerciar bienes y servicios sin usar dinero.
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Dinero
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Un bien utilizado para comprar otros bienes y servicios.
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Ganar
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Recibir dinero por realizar un trabajo.
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Gastar
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Usar dinero para comprar bienes y servicios.
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Ahorrar
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Guardar dinero para gastarlo más adelante.
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Costo de
oportunidad
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La siguiente mejor opción a la que renuncia.
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Recursos naturales
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Regalos de la naturaleza
utilizados para fabricar bienes y servicios.
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Recursos humanos
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Trabajadores que fabrican bienes y proporcionan
servicios.
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Recursos de capital
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Bienes fabricados y utilizados para producir otros bienes
y servicios.
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Divisa
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Papel moneda usado por un país.
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Precio
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Cantidad que pagan las
personas cuando compran un bien o servicio.
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Ingresos
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Pago que genera o recibe de diferentes fuentes.
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Banco
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Empresa que proporciona servicios monetarios como
pagar cheques, realizar préstamos y
pagar intereses sobre las cuentas.
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Cuenta
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Registro del dinero depositado o retirado de un banco.
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Depósito
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Dinero ingresado en una cuenta bancaria.
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Retiro
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Dinero retirado de una cuenta bancaria.
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Interés
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Pago realizado por el uso de dinero.
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Incentivo
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Algo que infl uye sobre la conducta de las personas.
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Consumidores
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Personas que compran y/o usan bienes y servicios
para satisfacer sus deseos.
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Productores
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Personas que usan recursos para fabricar bienes y servicios.
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Empleo
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Ocupación por la cual
una persona gana dinero para vivir.
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Especialización
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Cuando las personas producen solo algunos de los bienes y servicios que consumen y los
negocian después con otros para adquirir más
cosas que desean.
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División del trabajo
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Cuando los trabajadores llevan a cabo parte de
una tarea de producción.
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Economía
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El estudio de la producción, consumo y distribución de los
bienes y servicios.
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Bienes públicos
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Determinados bienes y servicios proporcionados por el
gobierno, que las personas comparten.
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Mercados
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Lugares donde los
compradores y vendedores intercambian bienes y servicios
por dinero.
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Compensación
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Cuando opta por recibir menos de una cosa para obtener
más de otra.
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Costos/
benefi cios
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Los puntos positivos y negativos vinculados a la toma de una
decisión.
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Empresario
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Alguien que asume el riesgo de producir un
producto o emprender un nuevo negocio.
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Ganancia
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Los ingresos de un negocio
después de pagar sus costos de producción.
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Pérdida
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El dinero que pierde un negocio después de pagar sus costos de
producción.
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Importaciones
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Bienes y servicios que
consumidores de una nación adquieren de vendedores en
otras naciones.
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Exportaciones
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Bienes y servicios que
consumidores de una nación venden a compradores en
otras naciones.
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Interdependencia
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Cuando las personas y las naciones dependen unas de otras para obtener los bienes y
servicios que desean.
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Presupuesto
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Un plan que muestra cómo se gastarán los ingresos.
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Crédito
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Promesa de pago en el futuro a cambio de
bienes/servicios en el momento actual.
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Débito
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Dinero adeudado en una cuenta.
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Inversión
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Usar dinero para lograr una ganancia.
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Impuestos
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Pagos obligatorios que hacen a los gobiernos las personas y negocios que se usan para
proporcionar bienes y servicios.
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Federal Reserve Bank
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Organización bancaria central en Estados Unidos.
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Oferta
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Las cantidades que los
productores pueden y están dispuestos a vender a
todos los precios posibles en un momento dado.
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Demanda
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Las cantidades que los
consumidores pueden y están dispuestos a comprar a todos los
precios posibles en un momento dado.
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Competencia
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Métodos usados por negocios para obtener más clientes y
mayores ganancias.
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Escasez
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Tener menos bienes, servicios o recursos disponibles a un precio en particular, que los
que las personas quieren.
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Excedentes
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Tener más bienes, servicios o recursos disponibles a un precio en particular, que los
que las personas quieren.
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Financiar
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La gestión del dinero.
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Flujo circular
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Modelo de economía que muestra las interacciones entre los hogares y los comercios en el
intercambio de bienes, servicios y recursos en los
mercados.
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Tipo de cambio
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Relación a la que una unidad de divisa de un país se puede
cambiar por la de otro país.
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Estándar de vida
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Nivel de confort material en la vida cotidiana medido por los
bienes y servicios disponibles para una persona, grupo o
nación.
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Sistemas
económicos
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La forma en que una sociedad organiza la producción,
consumo y distribución de los bienes y servicios.
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